Tiêu đề 10.-P2C10.-Phy.-2nd-Paper-For-FRB-2024_With-Solve_Sha_21.05.24-PDF.pdf ✅

†mwgKÛv±i I B‡j±awb·  Final Revision Batch 1 `kg Aa ̈vq †mwgKÛv±i I B‡j±awb· Semiconductor & Electronics Topicwise CQ Trend Analysis UwcK 2016 2017 2018 2019 2021 2022 2023 †gvU cwievnx, Aa©cwievnx Ges Acwievnx 2 Ñ Ñ 1 9 3 0 15 p-UvBc Ges n-UvBc Aa©cwievnx Ñ 2 Ñ Ñ 2 1 0 5 Rvskb Wv‡qvW Ges †iKwUdvqvi 6 5 Ñ 1 4 6 2 24 UavbwR÷i I A ̈vgwcødvqvi 5 2 Ñ 3 7 5 14 36 msL ̈v c×wZ 1 1 1 2 3 1 0 9 jwRK †MBU 4 3 1 5 7 6 2 28 * we.`a.: 2020 mv‡j GBPGmwm cixÿv AbywôZ nqwb, 2021 mv‡j kU© wm‡jev‡m Aa ̈vqwU AšÍfz©3 wQjbv| weMZ mv‡j †ev‡W© Avmv m„Rbkxj cÖkœ 1| wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ ̈ Ki: [Xv. †ev. 23] + X – Bulb B A 0 0 1 1 B 0 1 0 1 Y 0 0 0 1 A eZ©bx-1 mZ ̈K mviwY (K) wbt‡kwlZ ̄Íi Kv‡K e‡j? (L) p-n-p UavbwR÷i A‡cÿv n-p-n UavbwR÷i AwaK Kvh©Ki †Kb? e ̈vL ̈v Ki| (M) 1bs eZ©bxi mZ ̈K mviwY †jL| mgvavb: 1bs eZ©bxwU OR †MBU wb‡`©k K‡i| Gi `ywU Bbcy‡Ui Rb ̈ AvDUcyU n‡e BbcyU؇qi eywjqvb †hvMdj A + B| A B X = A + B (AvDUcyU) 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 (N) DÏxc‡Ki mZ ̈K mviwYi jwRK †MB‡Ui mv‡_ GKwU NOT †MBU hy3 Ki‡j †Kv‡bv jwRK †MBU •Zwi n‡e wKbvÑ Zv wPÎ I mZ ̈K mviwYi mvnv‡h ̈ e ̈vL ̈v Ki| mgvavb: DÏxc‡K mZ ̈K mviwYi jwRK †MBU n‡jv AND †MBU| Gi mv‡_ NOT †MBU hy3 Ki‡j NAND †MBU •Zwi n‡e| A B AB AB–– A B Y = AB–– NAND wPÎ: NAND †MBU wb‡¤œ NAND †MB‡Ui mZ ̈K mviwY †`Lv‡bv n‡jv : A B AB AB –––– (AvDUcyU) 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 A_©vr DÏxc‡Ki mZ ̈K mviwYi jwRK †MB‡Ui mv‡_ NOT †MBU hy3 Ki‡j NAND †MBU •Zwi n‡e| (Ans.) 2| + – – + IE = 20mA Output IC=18mA RL VBB VCE Input n-p-n b c Ib e RL [iv. †ev. 23] (K) wW‡cøkb †jqvi Kx? (L) wecixZ †Suv‡K Wv‡qv‡W Zwor cÖevn nq bv †Kb? e ̈vL ̈v K‡iv| (M) eZ©bx‡Z cÖevn jvf KZ n‡e? wbY©q K‡iv| mgvavb: IE = IB + IC  IB = IE – IC = (20 – 18) mA  IB = 2 mA  cÖevn jvf,  = IC IB = 18 2   = 9  cÖevn jvf 9 n‡e| (Ans.)
2  HSC Physics 2nd Paper Chapter-10 (N) DÏxc‡Ki eZ©bxwU myBP wnmv‡eI KvR Kiv‡bv m¤¢eÑ we‡kølY K‡iv| mgvavb: DÏxc‡Ki eZ©bxwU UavbwR÷i nIqvq †jvW RL Gi ga ̈ w`‡q Zwor cÖevn wbqš¿‡Yi gva ̈‡g myBP wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i| +VCC RL Vi VO = VCC +VCC RL Vi VO = VCC – ICRL IC wPÎ: myBP Ab I Ad Ae ̄’v hLb †e‡m BbcyU †fv‡ëR FYvZ¥K ev k~b ̈ nq ZLb †jvW RL Gi ga ̈ w`‡q Zwor cÖevwnZ nq bv Ges AvDUcyU †fv‡ëR VCC nq| hLb †e‡m BbcyU †fv‡ëR abvZ¥K nq ZLb weewa©Z Kv‡i›U cÖevn IC †jvW RL Gi g‡a ̈ w`‡q cÖevwnZ nq Ges AvDUcyU †fv‡ëR nq, VO = VCC – ICRL A_©vr DÏxc‡Ki eZ©bxwU myBP wn‡m‡eI KvR Kiv‡bv m¤¢e| (Ans.) 3| Rl = 5000  E B IC Ri = 500  IE IB C [Kz. †ev. 23] eZ©bxi UavbwR÷‡ii  = 0.98 I IE = 1.5 mA| (K) m¤§yLx †SuvK Kv‡K e‡j? (L) e ̈vÛ Z‡Ë¡i Av‡jv‡K AšÍiK c`v‡_©i cwievwnZv e ̈vL ̈v K‡iv| (M) DÏxc‡Ki IB wbY©q K‡iv| mgvavb: cÖevn weea©b ̧YK,  = IC IE  IC = IE = 0.98  1.5 mA  IC = 1.47 mA  IE = IC + IB  IB = IE – IC = (1.5 – 1.47) mA  IB = 0.03 mA (Ans.) (N) DÏxc‡Ki eZ©bxwU‡K †fv‡ëR weea©K wn‡m‡e e ̈envi Kiv hvq wKbv? MvwYwZKfv‡e we‡kølY K‡iv| mgvavb: †fv‡ëR jvf, VA =   RL Ri = IC IB  RL Ri = 1.47 0.03  5000 500  VA = 490 ∵ VA > 1 A_©vr DÏxc‡Ki eZ©bxwU‡K †fv‡ëR weea©K wn‡m‡e e ̈envi Kiv hvq| (Ans.) 4| GKwU Kgb GwgUi n-p-n UavbwR÷i eZ©bx †`Lv‡bv n‡jv| UavbwR÷iwUi MZxq †iva 40  Ges Kv‡i›U †MBb 75| [h. †ev. 23] n-p-n IC=5 mA RL=60  VCC – + IB VBB + – (K) p-UvBc Aa©cwievnx Kx? (L) ZvcgvÎv e„wׇZ Aa©cwievnxi †iva K‡gÑ e ̈vL ̈v Ki| (M) UavbwR÷iwUi cÖevn weea©b ̧YK wbY©q Ki| mgvavb: cÖevn weea©b ̧YK,  =  1 +  = 75 1 + 75   = 0.987  cÖevn weea©b ̧YK 0.987| (Ans.) (N) DÏxc‡Ki eZ©bx †_‡K 120 gv‡bi †fv‡ëR †MBb cvIqv m¤¢e wKbv? MvwYwZK we‡køl‡Yi gva ̈‡g hvPvB Ki| mgvavb: †fv‡ëR †MBb, VA =   RL RI = 75  60 40  VA = 112.5 < 120 A_©vr DÏxc‡Ki eZ©bx †_‡K 120 gv‡bi †fv‡ëR †MBb cvIqv m¤¢e bq| (Ans.) 5| IB = 25A RL = 3000 n-p-n IE = 5 mA [P. †ev. 23] (K) †Wvwcs Kx? (L) n-UvBc Aa©cwievnx Zwor wbi‡cÿ wK-bv? e ̈vL ̈v Ki| (M) DÏxc‡Ki web ̈v‡m cÖevn weea©b KZ n‡e? mgvavb: cÖevn weea©b ̧YK,  = IC IE Avevi, IE = IC + IB  IC = (5 – 25  10–3 ) mA  IC = 4.975 mA   = 4.975 5 = 0.995  cÖevn weea©b 0.995 n‡e| (Ans.) (N) wbtmviK evûi ga ̈ w`‡q Kx cwigvY Zwor cÖevn cvVv‡j ewnM©vgx‡Z 5 watt ÿgZv cvIqv hv‡e? MvwYwZKfv‡e we‡kølY Ki| mgvavb: Pout = I2 CRL  IC = Pout RL = 5 3000  IC = 0.0408 A
†mwgKÛv±i I B‡j±awb·  Final Revision Batch 3 cÖevn weea©b,  = IC IE  IE = 0.0408 0.995 A  IE = 41.03 mA A_©vr wbtmviK evûi ga ̈ w`‡q 41.03 mA Zwor cÖevn cvVv‡j ewnMvgx‡Z 5 watt ÿgZv cvIqv hv‡e| (Ans.) 6| GKwU UavbwR÷‡ii Kv‡j±i cÖevn 0.072 A Ges †eBR cÖevn 0.008 A| Aci GKwU UavbwR÷‡ii BwgUvi cÖevn 0.065 A Ges †eBR cÖevn 0.005 A| [e. †ev. 23] (K) kw3 e ̈vÛ Kv‡K e‡j? (L) †Wvwcs Zwor cwievwnZvi Rb ̈ mnvqKÑ e ̈vL ̈v Ki| (M) cÖ_g UavbwR÷‡ii cÖevn weea©b ̧YK †ei Ki| mgvavb: cÖevn weea©b ̧YK,  = IC IE IE = IC + IB  IE = (0.0072 + 0.008) A = 0.08 A   = 0.072 0.08 = 0.9  cÖ_g UavbwR÷‡ii cÖevn weea©b ̧YK 0.9| (Ans.) (N) cÖevn weea©K wn‡m‡e †Kvb UavbwR÷iwU †ewk Dc‡hvMx? we‡kølY Ki| mgvavb: wØZxq UavbwR÷v‡ii †ÿ‡Î, I E = I B + I C  I C = (0.065 – 0.005) A = 0.06 A   = I C I E = 0.06 0.065   = 0.923 ∵  >  A_©vr cÖevn weea©K wn‡m‡e wØZxq UavbwR÷iwU †ewk Dc‡hvMx| (Ans.) 7| GKwU n-p-n UavbwR÷‡ii mvaviY wbtmviK ms‡hvM eZ©bx‡Z msMÖvn‡K cÖhy3 evqvwms †fv‡ëR VCC = 12 V BbcyU †iva Rin = 200 | msMÖvnK eZ©bx‡Z †jvW †iva RL = 1 k Gi ga ̈ w`‡q IC = 1 mA Zwor cÖevwnZ nq| cÖevn weea©b ̧YK  = 0.98| [wm. †ev. 23] (K) KwVb c`v‡_©i kw3 e ̈vÛ Kx? (L) p-n Rvskb Wv‡qv‡Wi †ÿ‡Î ÒwecixZ m¤ú„3 Kv‡i›UÓÑ e ̈vL ̈v K‡iv| (M) UavbwR÷iwUi msMÖvnK wbtmiK †fv‡ëR (VCE) wbY©q K‡iv| mgvavb: RL= 1 k VCC IB VBB B C E IC D + VCE Rin A – IE Kvk©‡di 2q m~Î cÖ‡qvM K‡i cvB, – VCC + ICRL + VCE = 0  VCE = VCC – ICRL = 12 – 10–3  1000) V  VCE = 11 V  UavbwR÷iwUi msMÖvnK wbtmiK †fv‡ëR 11 V| (Ans.) (N) UavbwR÷iwU †fv‡ëR weea©K wn‡m‡e KvR K‡iÑ MvwYwZKfv‡e we‡kølY K‡iv| mgvavb: †fv‡ëR weea©K, VA =   RL Rin =  1 –   RL Rin =     0.98 1 – 0.98  1000 200  VA = 245 > 1 A_©vr UavbwR÷iwU †fv‡ëR weea©K wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i| (Ans.) 8| GKwU (p-n-p) UavbwR÷‡i 10–8 sec mg‡q 100 wU †nvj GwgUvi AÂj n‡Z wbM©Z nq hvi g‡a ̈ 97% cxV AÂj AwZμg K‡i msMÖvnK A‡j †cuŠ‡Q| [w`. †ev. 23] (K) A±vj b¤^i c×wZ Kv‡K e‡j? (L) wmwjKb A‡cÿv Rv‡g©wbqv‡gi †ÿ‡Î †hvRb B‡jKUab mn‡R cwienb e ̈v‡Û hv‡eÑ e ̈vL ̈v Ki| (M) GwgUvi cÖevn wbY©q Ki| mgvavb: BwgUvi cÖevn, IE = Q t = 100  1.6  10–19 10–8 A  IE = 1.6  10–9A  GwgUvi cÖevn 1.6  10–9 A| (Ans.) (N) DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K  =  1 +  Gi mZ ̈Zv hvPvB Ki| mgvavb: IE = IC + IB  IB = IE – 0.97 IE  IB = 0.03 IE  cÖevn weea©b ̧YK,  = IC IE = 0.97 IE IE   = 0.97 Avevi, cÖevn jvf,  = IC IB = 0.97 IE 0.03 IE   = 32.333   1 +  = 32.333 1 + 32.333 = 0.97   =  1 +  A_©vr DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K  =  1 +  mgxKiYwU mZ ̈| (Ans.)
4  HSC Physics 2nd Paper Chapter-10 9| wP‡Î p-n Rvsk‡bi I-V †jLwPÎ †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q: [g. †ev. 23] C B I(mA) 20 10 10 V D 1 A .5 .8 V (volt) A (K) †Wvwcs Kx? (L) ZvcgvÎvi mv‡_ Aa©cwievnxi †iv‡ai cwieZ©b e ̈vL ̈v K‡iv| (M) AB As‡ki MZxq †iva wbY©q Ki| mgvavb: MZxq †iva, R = V I = 0.8 – 0.5 (20 – 10)  10–3  R = 30   AB As‡ki MZxq †iva 30 | (Ans.) (N) †jLwP‡Îi AB I ACD As‡k wefe cv_©‡K ̈i mv‡_ Zwor cÖev‡ni wfbœZvi KviY we‡kølY Ki| DËi: DÏxc‡K AB I ACD As‡k h_vμ‡g m¤§yL †SuvK I wegyLx †SuvK nIqvq G‡`i †jLwP‡Î wfbœZv †`Lv hvq| †jLwP‡Îi AB As‡k Zwor †Kv‡li abvZ¥K cÖvšÍ p- type Ges FYvZ¥K cÖvšÍ n-type Aa©cwievnxi mv‡_ hy3 Kivq ïiæ‡Z wKQz As‡k †fv‡ëR evov‡jI Zwor cÖevn Lye Aí cwigvY e„w× cvq| wbw`©ó cwigvY †fv‡ëR cÖ`v‡bi ci Zwor cÖevn m~PKxqfv‡e e„w× cvq| GB †fv‡ëR‡K KvU-Bb †fv‡ëR e‡j| †jLwP‡Îi ACD As‡k Zwor †Kv‡li abvZ¥K cÖvšÍ n- type Ges FYvZ¥K cÖv‡šÍ p-type Aa©cwievnxi mv‡_ hy3 Kivq AC As‡k †fv‡ëR e„w×i mv‡_ Zwor cÖevn cwieZ©b LyeB bMb ̈| C we›`y n‡Z LyeB mvgvb ̈ †fv‡ëR e„w× Ki‡j Zwor cÖevn A‡bK †ewk e„w× cvq Ges p – n Rvsk‡bi †iva †f‡1⁄2 hvq| GB †fv‡ëR‡K †eaKWvDb †fv‡ëR e‡j| ZvB AB I ACD As‡k wefe cv_©‡K ̈i mv‡_ Zwor cÖev‡ni wfbœZv Av‡Q| 10| GKwU `ye©j ms‡KZ‡K 250 ̧Y weewa©Z Kivi j‡ÿ ̈ GKwU UavbwR÷i eZ©bx‡Z Bbcy‡U 35  Ges †jv‡W 85  e ̈envi Kiv n‡jv| eZ©bxwUi f~wg‡Z 50 A cÖ‡qvM Ki‡j msMÖvn‡K 50 mA cÖevn cvIqv hvq| [Xv. †ev. 22; iv. †ev. 22] (K) d ̈vivW Kv‡K e‡j? [Aa ̈vq-2] (L) eZ©bxi cÖvwšÍK wefe Zwo”PvjK e‡ji †P‡q †QvU nq †Kb| [Aa ̈vq-3] (M) UavbwR÷‡ii cÖevn weea©b ̧YK wbY©q Ki| mgvavb: cÖevn weea©b ̧YK,  = IC IE = IC IC + IB = 50 50 + 50  10–3   = 0.999  cÖevn weea©b ̧YK 0.999| (Ans.) (N) DÏxc‡Ki D‡Ïk ̈ c~iY n‡e wKbv? MvwYwZKfv‡e hvPvB Ki| mgvavb: †fv‡ëR jvf, VA = ICRL IBRin = 50  85 50  10–3  35  VA = 2428.571 A_©vr DÏxc‡Ki D‡Ïk ̈ c~iY n‡e| (Ans.) 11| [Xv. †ev. 22] RL D1 D4 D2 D3 eZ©bx‡Z e ̈eüZ cÖwZwU Wv‡qvW Awfbœ| G‡`i †h †Kv‡bvwUi `yBcÖv‡šÍ 0.6 Volt wefe cv_©K ̈ m„wó Kivq cÖevn 100 mA n‡Z 150 mA G cwiewZ©Z nq| Avevi weaRwUi mvnv‡h ̈ AC Signal †K DC Signal G iƒcvšÍi Ki‡Z wM‡q †`Lv †Mj D4 Wv‡qvWwU bó| (K) NAND †MBU Kx? (L) Wv‡qv‡Wi †Rbvi wμqv e ̈vL ̈v Ki| (M) cÖwZwU Wv‡qv‡Wi MZxq †iva wbY©q Ki| mgvavb: MZxq †iva, R = V I = 0.6 (150 – 100)  10–3   R = 12   cÖwZwU Wv‡qv‡Wi MZxq †iva 12 | (Ans.) (N) eZ©bx‡Z D4 mshy3 Ae ̄’vq AC †K DC †Z iƒcvšÍi m¤¢e wKbv? mwPÎ e ̈vL ̈v `vI| mgvavb: eZ©bxwU c~Y©Zi1⁄2 weaR †iKwUdvqv‡i AC AšÍM©vgx Dr‡mi `yB PμB Kv‡R jvwM‡q DC †Z iƒcvšÍi Kiv nq| GLv‡b, abvZ¥K Aa©P‡μi Rb ̈ UavÝdg©v‡ii P cÖv‡šÍ abvZ¥K Ges Q cÖvšÍ FYvZ¥K nIqvq D1 I D3 m¤§yL †SuvK cÖvß nq| myZivs ïaygvÎ D1 I D3 Wv‡qv‡Wi g‡a ̈ w`‡q Zwor cÖevwnZ nq| Zwor A †_‡K †jvW †iwR÷ ̈vÝ Gi ga ̈ w`‡q B Gi w`‡K cÖevwnZ n‡e Ges RL Gi T 2 cÖv‡šÍ DC †fv‡ëR cvIqv hv‡e| Vin – + + t Q P B D1 D3 RL A – + Vout + + D1 D3 D1 D3 t