Tiêu đề DE 32 - HS.docx ✅

Kidney diseases are often a consequence of lifestyle choices and daily habits that individuals may not think twice about. (18) ______ can significantly impact kidney health, leading to chronic conditions over time. For instance, dehydration, often overlooked during busy days, can cause the kidneys to work harder than necessary. (19) ______. People should be mindful of their fluid intake to maintain optimal kidney function. Moreover, high blood pressure, (20) ______, can also pose a risk to kidney health. Also, people (21) ______ should consider the importance of a balanced diet and regular exercise. Regular check-ups and awareness of one’s health status can contribute to better kidney health. Equipped with necessary knowledge and resources, (22) ______. Question 18: A. Which not drinking enough water during busy days and stressful times B. Drinking sufficient water when they are busy and feeling stressed C. Not drinking enough water during busy days and stressful times D. Not to drink enough water while being busy and under stress Question 19: A. Some people believe that thirst is the only indicator of needing water B. This can lead to serious health issues if not addressed in a timely manner C. Many individuals report feeling more energetic when they consume less water D. Regular exercise has been shown to have beneficial impacts on hydration levels Question 20: A. of which poor diet choices and stress are reasons behind B. frequently exacerbated by poor diet choices and stress C. that are frequently exacerbated by poor diet choices and stress D. having frequently exacerbated by poor diet choices and stress Question 21: A. consume meals high in sodium and find themselves having a sedentary lifestyle B. whose lifestyles involve minimal physical activity and excessive salt consumption C. who not lifting a finger to make a habit of exercising more regularly and eating less salt D. of which lifestyle is relatively sedentary, and salt consumption is quite excessive Question 22: A. decisions regarding their kidney health will be well-founded and informed B. informed decisions could be made concerning their kidney health C. their kidney health can benefit significantly should informed decisions be made D. individuals can make informed decisions regarding their kidney health Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30. Kazuhiko Moriyama is betting that well-rested workers are good for business. In fact, he’s placing real money on that bet. Employees who sleep at least six hours a night, for at least five days a week, are rewarded points by Crazy Inc., a wedding organizer in Japan. The points can be exchanged for food in the company cafeteria worth as much as 64,000 yen ($570) per year. Nightly rest will be tracked using an app made by Airweave Inc., a mattress manufacturer. More than 92 percent of Japanese over the age of 20 say that they aren’t getting enough sleep, according to a survey by Fuji Ryoki, a health-products maker. Because of a labor shortage and long-held cultural belief of noble sacrifice for the corporate good, Japan has become notorious for a phenomenon called death-from-overwork, which claimed the life of an ad agency employee in 2015. “You have to protect workers’ rights, otherwise the country itself will weaken,” Moriyama said. In addition to encouraging sleep, the company also promotes better nutrition, exercise and a more positive office environment. It also provides employees with child support, as well as the opportunity to take company vacations on regular business days. There’s some evidence that more sleep will lead to improved business performance and higher economic growth. Insufficient sleep costs the U.S. economy as much as $411 billion a year, or 2.28 percent of GDP, according to a 2009 study by Rand Corp. For Japan, the loss is estimated to be $138 billion, or 2.92 percent of GDP. “I eventually want to reach a million employees,” Moriyama said. “I want to do something that other people will think is crazy.” (Adapted from readtoolead.com)
Question 23: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 1? A. The points provide discounts on food items in the cafeteria worth up to 64,000 yen. B. The points can be redeemed for food in the company cafeteria worth up to 64,000 yen. C. The points can be used to buy meals on the house valued at up to 64,000 yen. D. The points give priority access to meals costing up to 64,000 yen in the cafeteria. Question 24: The word notorious in paragraph 2 could be best replaced by _______. A. severe B. infamous C. infected D. challenging Question 25: The word positive in paragraph 3 is OPPOSITE in meaning to _______. A. constructive B. optimistic C. detrimental D. unfavorable Question 26: According to the passage, all of the following are benefits of the company’s policies EXCEPT _______. A. encouraging better nutrition B. offering higher salaries C. supporting workers’ rights D. providing company vacations Question 27: The word It in paragraph 3 refers to _______. A. company B. exercise C. nutrition D. environment Question 28: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Crazy Inc. encourages its employees to work longer hours for better performance. B. Employees at Crazy Inc. can earn rewards by getting sufficient sleep. C. The majority of Japanese people report getting enough sleep regularly. D. The death-from-overwork phenomenon in Japan are driven by cultural differences. Question 29: In which paragraph does the writer mention the specific reward system for employees who get enough sleep? A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4 Question 30: In which paragraph does the writer describe the company’s initiatives to promote employee well- being? A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4 Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 31 to 40. [I] India’s combination of abundant sunshine and a large, energy-hungry population makes it ideal for developing solar energy. [II] But the main challenge in building a large number of solar farms is finding the right place to do it, considering the shortage of land due to high population. [III] The region of Gujarat, however, has found an answer to this problem: covering its water canals with solar panels. [IV] Overall, Gujarat has more than 80,000 km of canals flowing through the state. According to Gujarat State Electricity Corporation, if 30% of this were converted to solar, 18,000 MW of power could be produced, saving 90,000 acres of land. The electricity generated from a "solar canal" can be provided to farmers during the irrigation season when energy demand is usually high, and out of season it can be fed into the state grid, sold to distribution companies so that the state can earn some profit, or used by those in charge of the canals for specific purposes. Building solar plants atop canals obviously helps produce clean energy and save land, but there are also other benefits. Firstly, these special plants can be built much faster than large coal or gas power stations. In addition, when solar panels cover the canal, they help prevent evaporation, leaving more water for crops and people. Another plus of the panels' shade is that it can curb algal blooms, which can have negative effects like clogging water pumps and causing toxicity, in the canals. And the panels benefit from the water below as well. The running water helps the panels to remain cool, which increases their efficiency by at least 2.5 to 5%. There are some drawbacks, however. Canal-top solar plants are more costly to construct than normal solar plants since the panels must be built with protective materials to prevent corrosion caused by water. Finding the right location is also difficult, as the width of the canal has to be suitable. Too wide, and the construction becomes difficult and expensive. Too narrow, and the number of panels constructed are too few to absorb enough sunshine. The twisting nature of the canals also leads to restrictions. To maximise the absorption of energy, the solar panels should face south, but the canal’s direction cannot be dictated by humans. Nevertheless, eight Indian states have commissioned canal solar projects so far. “These innovative projects can provide cheap and consistent electricity to millions of farmers and improve their profits,” says Manik Jolly, who was involved in the 2015 canal-top solar plant project. And there is also potential to maximise renewable power from India’s canals if solar farms above were combined with hydro-power from below.