Tiêu đề Hướng dẫn ôn thi vào lớp 10 môn tiếng anh theo định hướng phát triển năng lực.pdf ✅

A. TÓM TẮT KIẾN THỨC PHONETICS I. VOWELS AND DIPHTHONGS (Nguyên âm và nguyên âm đôi) There 20 vowel sounds in the English language. + 12 vowels: /ɪ/, /i:/, /e/, /ə/, /ɜː/, /ʊ/, /u:/ /ɒ/, /Ɔː/, /Ʌ/, /ɑː/, /æ/ + 8 diphthongs: /ɪə/, /eə/, /eɪ/, /ɔɪ/, /aɪ/, /əʊ/, /aʊ/, /ʊə/ 1. VOWELS i: ɪ ʊ u: e ə ɜ: ɔ: æ ʌ ɑ: ɒ VOWELS EXAMPLES /i:/ theme, key, people, police, beach /ɪ/ busy, hit, ring, link, film /ʊ/ cook, put, look, full, woman /u:/ soon, remove, bamboo, food, tomb /e/ bed, pet, ten, egg, head /ə/ vendor, doctor, popular, brother, banana /ɜː/ bird, worm, burn, birthday, earth /Ɔː/ more, door, walk, worm, ball /æ/ fan, bat, apple, fashion, black /Ʌ/ cut, butter, come, love, money /ɑː/ father, heart, start, park, far /ɒ/ hot, box, cough, watch, dog UNVOICED SOUNDS EXAMPLES /f/ cough /kɒf/ coughed /kɒft/ /k/ walk /wɔːk/ walked /wɔːkt/ /p/ stop /stɒp/ stopped /stɒpt/ /s/ miss /mɪs/ missed /mɪst/


under /ˈʌndər/ over /ˈəʊvər/ 3. Words that function as both nouns (n) and verbs (v) In English, some words serve as both nouns and verbs. When used as nouns, the stress is placed on the first syllable, while as verbs, the stress shifts to the second syllable. Examples: a present /'prezənt/ (= a gift) to present /prɪ'zent/ (= to give something formally) an increase /’ɪnkri:s/ (= a rise in amount, number or degree) to increase /ɪn'kri:s/ (= to become bigger in amount, number or degree) Exceptions: answer (n, v) /ˈɑːnsər/ copy (n, v) /ˈkɒpi/ offer (n, v) /ˈɒfər/ visit (n, v) /'vɪzɪt/ 4. Words with various suffixes When a word with the following suffixes, the stress is on the syllable right before the suffix. SUFFIXES EXAMPLES -able available /əˈveɪləbl/ timetable /taɪmteɪbl/ suitable /'su:təbl/ -ial social /ˈsəʊʃl/ special /ˈspeʃl/ financial /faɪˈnænʃl/ -cian musician /mjuˈzɪʃn/ magician /məˈdʒɪʃn/ politician /ˌpɒləˈtɪʃn/ -ery bakery /ˈbeɪkəri/ scenery /' si:nəri/ gallery / gæləri/ -ian durian /ˈdʊəriən/ librarian /laɪˈbreəriən/ guardian /ˈɡɑːrdiən/ -ible impossible /ɪmˈpɒsəbl/ terrible /ˈterəbl/ horrible /ˈhɒrəbl/ -ic topic /ˈtɒpɪk/ public /ˈpʌblɪk/ basic /'beɪsɪk/ -ics electronics /ɪˌlekˈtrɒnɪks/ physics /'fɪzɪks/ mathematics /ˌmæθəˈmætɪks/ -ion onion /ˈʌnjən/ region /ˈriːdʒən/ million /ˈmɪljən/ -tion action /ˈækʃn/ question /ˈkwestʃən/ decision /dɪˈsɪʒn/ -lent patient /ˈpeɪʃnt/ ancient /ˈeɪnʃənt/ ingredient /ɪngredɪent/