Tiêu đề ĐÁP ÁN ĐỀ THI HSG ANH 12 HÀ TĨNH 2022-2023.docx ✅

1 SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO HÀ TĨNH ĐỀ CHÍNH THỨC (Đề thi có 16 trang) KỲ THI CHỌN HỌC SINH GIỎI TỈNH LỚP 12 THPT NĂM HỌC 2022-2023 Môn thi: TIẾNG ANH Thời gian làm bài: 180 phút (không kể thời gian giao đề) I. LISTENING Part 1. You are going to hear a talk which gives information about the congestion charging scheme. While you listen, complete the notes below using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer. When it applies Monday-Friday, from 7 a.m until (1) ______6.30/ half past six______ p.m. How much it costs standard: £8 payment after 10 p.m.: (2) £ ______10______ after midnight: (3) ______(automatic) penalty charge______ How to pay by telephone by (4) ______text messages______ on the Internet at one of (5) ______200______ Pay Points in the zone TRANSCRIPT Presenter: ... For more practical details, I'll pass you over to Jon Ward, from the London Tourist Agency. Jon Ward: Thanks. So, that was a brief introduction to the congestion charging scheme, but if you're actually going to be driving your car in London on weekdays, there are a few more details you will need to know. Firstly, you don't need to worry about paying all the time. The charge applies between seven in the morning and half past six in the evening, Monday to Friday. You'll be pleased to hear however that, because the scheme is intended to reduce traffic during busy working hours, evenings and weekends are free. If you enter the zone during the charging times, you'll be eligible to pay the standard charge of eight pounds, which you can pay until ten o'clock on that day. After ten o'clock this charge rises to ten pounds. But be warned, if you fail to pay before midnight, you will have to pay an automatic penalty charge. In other words, there's no escape. Let's move on to paying. The charge, as I've said, is eight pounds a day, and the authorities have set up a number of systems to make it easy for you to pay, or rather to ensure that nobody has a good excuse for not paying. So, using your credit card, you can pay by phone, by text message, or on the Internet. The
2 other option is to go to one of the 200 Pay Points inside the zone or the 9,500 Pay Points elsewhere in the country. If you know you're going to be driving in and out of London on a regular basis, you can buy weekly, monthly or annual passes, rather like a railway season ticket. Part 2: Listen to a lecture about population growth. For questions 1 – 5, decide whether these statements are TRUE (T) or FALSE (F). 1. Birth rate is the average number of children born in a year, per thousand people. T 2. Fertility rate in UK was first reported to have been so high in 2008. F 3. Fertility rate in the UK is higher than it was twenty years ago because a higher proportion of women are having children. F 4. 25% of women in their mid-forties do not have children nowadays. T 5. Fertility rates are low partly because parents do not have time to have children. T TRANSCRIPT Professor: Good morning everyone, now in today’s lesson I’d like to talk about Population Growth, and in particular, fertility rate. Now, can anyone here define fertility rate? Charlene: Er, is it the number of births in a population, measured per thousand people per year? Professor: Oh, er no, that’s what we call the birth rate. The number of children born in a year, per thousand people (1). No, the fertility rate is the average number of children born per woman in her lifetime, that is, if she lives beyond her child-bearing years. Now, do you think the British fertility level is higher or lower than it was ... say twenty years ago? Charlene: I think it’s lower, because these days women are far more focused on their careers than they used to be. Professor:Well, that point is certainly true, but actually, fertility levels in Britain are relatively high at the moment. In 2008, it was 1.96; that means that on average, each woman gives birth to 1.96 children, and in 2009 it was only slightly lower, at 1.94. The last time fertility rates were this high was back in 1973 (2). In the UK currently, the highest rate of fertility is in Northern Ireland, where the rate is 2.04, and the lowest is in Scotland, where the rate is just 1.77. Charlene: I don’t understand. How come fertility rate is going up? Women are just as career-driven these days as they were thirty years ago. Professor: Well, the reason is that during the 1990s women really started to delay having families, and that was the reason for the decrease in birth rate then. Now those women are in their thirties and early forties, and they are starting to have families. So that’s why the birth rate is going up. Charlene: Oh, I see, so it’s not actually as if people are actively choosing to have more children than they
3 used to. Professor: Yes, that’s right Charlene. The number of children per family is continuing to fall. Women who are currently in their 70s had an average of 2.4 children. Those in their sixties had 2.2, those in their fifties had 2.0, and the current figure is 1.9. Actually, this figure isn’t due to more families choosing to have only one child, although that certainly is occurring, it’s mainly because of the increasing number of women who have no children at all (3). This figure was 1 in 10 among the age group who are now 65, but now 1 in 4 women in their mid-40s are childless (4). Charlene: I heard that the fertility rate in Europe is, like, really low. 1.3 or something. Professor: That’s right, Charlene. It is. It’s far below the replacement level. Can you tell me what replacement level means? No? It’s the number of births you need to keep the population constant. Charlene: Yes, I heard that in France they’re trying to get people to have more children. They even give out gold medals if you have eight! Professor: That’s right. So, we’ve already mentioned that women are waiting before having children because of their careers. Why else is fertility rate generally decreasing? Charlene: I think they have fewer children because they’re so expensive. I mean, I heard one report that said it costs 200, 000 pounds a year to raise a child here. But I find that difficult to believe. People's standard of living is far higher now than it used to be a hundred years ago when families had eight or nine kids. Professor: That’s very true, but these days people’s expectations tend to be higher. Parents want their children to have the best opportunities in life, so they’re prepared to pay to develop their children’s talents. Charlene: Yes, I heard that in China, where they’re easing off some of the rules of the one child policy and allowing some couples to have two, many parents are still choosing to have one. They say it’s just too expensive. But, you know, I reckon that, with all this parental micromanagement that’s going on these days, parents only have the time to manage one or two children. Professor: That’s a good point (5). So, now I’d like to look at some different organisations, and examine what they believe about the current population issues... Part 3: You will hear an interview with someone who has started a magazine for children. For questions 1-5, choose the best answer(A, B, or C). You will hear the recording twice. 1. When talking about her job as a primary school teacher, Kate emphasizes ____________. A. how much effort the job required. B. how good she was as a teacher. C. how difficult the children could be. 2. Kate decided to start her own magazine for children ____________. A. because both children and parents suggested the idea.
4 B. when she was working in publishing for children. C. after considering what was available for children. 3. What does Kate say about enthusiasm? A. Children respond positively to it. B. Children cannot maintain it for long. C. Children experience it more than adults. 4. Kate says that the age range for the magazine ____________. A. may change to some extent in the future. B. may not be exactly what it is stated to be. C. has been decided after asking parents. 5. Kate says that one of her aims for the magazine is to ____________. A. include subjects that children don’t normally read about. B. create an interest in subjects some children consider boring. C. encourage children to choose what they want as a career. TRANSCRIPT Interviewer: It’s tough maintaining a child’s interest, but Kate Scarborough has had the experience to know what it’s all about. Kate, you used to be a teacher, didn’t you? Kate: Yes, six years ago I had the idea that I wanted to do something for children, so I decided to be a primary school teacher. I have never been so tired as I was working as a teacher in a classroom. You just never stop. Working with children is so intensely exhausting, but it’s also fantastic. [1] Interviewer: Well, today, we’re sitting in your London office and talking about something very different – being the founder of CY magazine, a new magazine for children. Having worked in children’s non-fiction publishing for 12 years before retraining as a primary school teacher, you certainly have the background to produce such a magazine. Kate: Yes. well being a teacher I guess led me to the idea for CY. I felt that there was a gap in the market for a monthly publication that not only entertains and teaches children, but also satisfies their parents too. [2] And it was during my teaching days that I began preparing for CY. I talked to children about what they wanted. I then thought, if I was a child, what would I want, and as a parent, what would I want my children to be reading? Interviewer: OK. now the outcome is a magazine that’s filled with competitions, short stories, puzzles, and a cartoon strip. Flicking through the first issue. I’d say two things become apparent – enthusiasm and the language used. Kate: Enthusiasm is incredibly important. When I was at school, it didn’t matter what you were teaching children if you totally believed in it. When you give a bad lesson, you can see those blank faces looking back