Tiêu đề 11. ACS Biology 1st Paper With Solve-24.pdf ✅

RxecÖhyw3  Varsity Practice Sheet.................................................................................................................................... 1 RxecÖhyw3 11 MCQ weMZ mv‡j DU-G Avmv cÖkœvejx 1. †KvbwU †iw÷aKkb GbRvBg bq? [DU-A: 23-24] pBR 322 Eco RI Hind III Bam HI DËi: pBR 322 e ̈vL ̈v: pBR 322 Ges pUC series n‡jv wRb cÖ‡KŠk‡j AwZ e ̈eüZ cøvmwgW| 2. †ivMgy3 Pviv ˆZix‡Z †Kvb c×wZ e ̈envi Kiv nq? [DU-7 College: 22-23] †gwi‡÷g KvjPvi åæY KvjPvi †cÖv‡Uvcøv÷ KvjPvi K ̈vjvm KvjPvi DËi: †gwi‡÷g KvjPvi 3. DNA LÐmg~n‡K †Rvov jvMv‡Z †KvbwU e ̈eüZ nq? [DU:HEC: 20-21] Helicase Ligase Polymerase †Kv‡bvwUB bq DËi: Ligase e ̈vL ̈v:  DNA-ligase: Kvw•LZ DNA LÛ‡K cøvmwgW DNA Gi mv‡_ mshy3 Kiv nq|  Helicase: DNA Wvej †nwj‡·i cu ̈vP Lyj‡Z mvnvh ̈ K‡i|  Polymerase: cÖvBgvi‡K Strand G hy3 n‡Z mvnvh ̈ K‡i Ges cÖæd wiW K‡i| 4. evsjv‡`‡ki wRGg dmj †e ̧‡b †Kvb e ̈vK‡Uwiqvi wRb †hvM K‡i †cvKvi AvμgY †_‡K iÿv Ki‡Q? [DU: 16-19] Agrobacterium tumefaciens Bacillus subtilis Bacillus thuringiensis Bacillis amyloliquefaciens DËi: Bacillus thuringiensis e ̈vL ̈v: Bacillus thuringiensis bvgK g„wËKvevmx e ̈vK‡Uwiqv Bt Uw·b Drcv`bKvix wμ÷vj †cÖvwUb wRb bvgK GKwU wfbœ Uav݇RwbK c×wZ‡Z †e ̧b †Kv‡l cÖwZ ̄’vwcZ K‡i Bt †e ̧b Drcbœ Kiv nq| 5. Cryl Ac wR‡bi Drm †KvbwU? [DU-A: 15-16] Agrobacterium tumefaciens Bacillus thuringiensis Agrobacterium tritici Bacillus denitrificans DËi: Bacillus thuringiensis e ̈vL ̈v: Bt †e ̧‡b Bacillus thuringiensis e ̈vK‡Uwiqvi Bt wRb (wμ÷vj †cÖvwUb wRb; Cryl Ac) mshy3 Kivi †e ̧‡b G‡ÛvUw·b RvZxq †cÖvwUb ˆZix nIqvq †e ̧b cZ1⁄2 cÖwZ‡ivax ZvB †cw÷mvBW cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z nq bv| 6. †iw÷aKkb GbRvB‡gi KvR †KvbwU? [DU:10-11] Multiplication of DNA Cutting a specific portion Breaking hydrogen bonds of DNA Joining cut end of DNA DËi: Cutting a specific portion e ̈vL ̈v: †h GbRvBg w`‡q DNA AYyi mywbw`©ó †Kv‡bv Ask KvUv hvq Zv‡K †iw÷aKkb GbRvBg e‡j| cÖwZwU e ̈vK‡Uwiqv †Kv‡l GK ev GKvwaK ai‡bi †iw÷aKkb GbRvBg _v‡K| hv msμvgK fvBivj DNA ‡K‡U _v‡K| 7. wUmy ̈ KvjPvi c×wZ‡Z wefvRbÿg †Kvl †_‡K ˆZwi DwTM¢` Pvivi ˆewkó ̈ n‡jv- [DU: 09-10] †ivM cÖwZ‡iv‡a mÿg †ivM MÖn‡Y mg_© †ivM gy3 _vKv †ivM cÖwZ‡ivaKiY DËi: †ivM gy3 _vKv e ̈vL ̈v: wUmy ̈ KvjPvi c×wZ‡Z †gwi‡÷g wb‡q KvjPvi Kiv nq| Avi †gwi‡÷g n‡jv †ivMgy3| †gwi‡÷g KvjPv‡ii cÖavb D‡Ïk ̈B n‡jv †ivM/fvBivmgy3 Pviv Drcv`b| 8. wUmy ̈ KvjPvi c×wZ‡Z Drcbœ åæY‡K ejv nq? [DU: 08-09] Zygotic embryo Somatic embryo Microspore Callus DËi: Somatic embryo e ̈vL ̈v: †h wUmy ̈ KvjPvi c×wZ‡Z DwTM¢‡`i GKwU †mvgvwUK †Kvl ev ˆ`wnK †Kvl †_‡K åæY m„wó Kiv nq Ges †m åæY †_‡K cieZ©x‡Z Pviv Drcv`b Kiv nq Zv‡K †mvgvwUK Ggeav‡qv‡R‡bwmm e‡j| Avi Drcbœ åæY‡K ejv nq †mvgvwUK Ggeav‡qv| 9. cÖ_g †K¬vb Kiv ̄Íb ̈cvqx cÖvYxi bvg wK? [DU: 07-08, IU: 00-01] Poly Moly Dolly Tracy DËi: Dolly e ̈vL ̈v: cÖ_g wRb †K¬vwbs Gi gva ̈‡g Drcbœ ̄Íb ̈cvqx cÖvYx Wwj bvgK GK cÖKvi †fov| hvi Rb¥ n‡qwQj 1996 mv‡j| 10. wiKw¤^‡b›U DNA Gi e ̈envi Øviv †Kvb D‡Ïk ̈ mvwaZ nq? [DU-A: 01-02] bZzb cÖRvwZ MVb GKB cÖRvwZi bZzb ˆewkó ̈ DbœZKiY Kvw•LZ †Kv‡bv Rx‡ei g‡Zv ûeû GKB iK‡gi Rx‡ei m„wóKiY GKB cÖRvwZ DbœwZKiY I ûeû GKB iKg Rxe m„wó Kiv DfqB DËi: GKB cÖRvwZi bZzb ˆewkó ̈ DbœZKiY e ̈vL ̈v: GKB cÖRvwZ‡Z bZzb ˆewk‡ó ̈ DbœZ Kivi Rb ̈ †Kv‡bv Rx‡ei DNA ‡Z Ab ̈ †Kv‡bv Dr‡mi DNA ms ̄’v‡bi gva ̈‡g cwieZ©b NUv‡bv‡K †R‡bwUK BwÄwbqvwis e‡j|
2 ......................................................................................................................................  Biology 1st Paper Chapter-11 11. wUmy ̈ KvjPvi cÖhyw3i cÖv_wgK D‡Ïk ̈ Kx? [DU: 00-01] †ewk wUmy ̈ Drcv`b DbœZRv‡Zi exR Drcv`b wefvRbÿg A1⁄2 †_‡K bZzb Pviv Drcv`b bZzb Rv‡Zi wUmy ̈ Drcv`b DËi: wefvRbÿg A1⁄2 †_‡K bZzb Pviv Drcv`b e ̈vL ̈v: DwTM¢‡`i wefvRbÿg A1⁄2 †_‡K wUmy ̈‡K wew”Qbœ K‡i RxevYygy3 K...wÎg cwi‡e‡k Avev` K‡i bZzb Pviv Drcv`b Kiv hvq| A_©vr wUmy ̈ KvjPv‡ii cÖv_wgK D‡Ïk ̈B n‡jv wefvRbÿg Ask †_‡K bZzb Pviv Drcv`b| weMZ mv‡j GST-G Avmv cÖkœvejx 1. R6 cøvmwg‡Wi ˆewkó ̈ †KvbwU? [GST-A: 22-23] †hŠbRb‡b mnvqZv A ̈vw›Uev‡qvwUK cÖwZ‡ivax Escherichia coli aŸsm Kiv Vibrio cholerae aŸsm Kiv DËi: A ̈vw›Uev‡qvwUK cÖwZ‡ivax e ̈vL ̈v: R-cøvmwg‡W A ̈vw›Uev‡qvwUK ÿgZv m¤úbœ wRb _v‡K| R6 cøvmwgW 6wU ̧iæZ¡c~Y© Gw›Uev‡qvwUK cÖwZ‡iva ÿgZv m¤úbœ|  †hŠb Rb‡b mnvqZv K‡i F Ges Fʹ cøvmwgW  Escherichia coli aŸsm K‡i †Kvj cøvmwgW|  Vibrio cholerae †Kvl‡K aŸsm K‡i †`q wfweaIwmb| 2. cÖvK...wZK cZ1⁄2bv1⁄2bvkK †KvbwU? [GST-A: 22-23] Clostridium tetani Nitrosomonas sp. Streptococcus lactis Bacillus thuringiensis DËi: Bacillus thuringiensis e ̈vL ̈v: cÖvK...wZK cZ1⁄2bvkK → Bacillus thuringiensis `y»RvZ wk‡í e ̈eüZ nq → Streptococcus lactis bvBwUadvBs e ̈vK‡Uwiqv n‡jv → Nitrosomonas DPT cÖwZ‡laK wn‡m‡e e ̈eüZ nq → Clostridium tetani 3. wiKw¤^‡b›U DNA †UK‡bvjwR cÖ‡qv‡M m„ó bZzb Rxe‡K e‡jÑ [GST-A: 22-23, CU-A: 20-21] Uav݇RwbK nvBweaW mvBweaW †K¬vb DËi: Uav݇RwbK e ̈vL ̈v:  nvBweaW: `ywU †cÖv‡Uvcøv‡÷i wgj‡b nvBweaW ˆZwi nq|  mvBweaW: `ywU DwTM¢‡`i ïay mvB‡UvcøvR‡gi wgj‡b m„ó DwTM¢`‡K mvBweaW e‡j|  †K¬vwbs: †Kv‡bv Kvw•LZ wRb‡K ûeû Kwc Kiv ev msL ̈v e„w× KivB n‡jv wRb †K¬vwbs|  Uav݇RwbK Rxe: wiKw¤^‡b›U DNA †UK‡bvjwR cÖ‡qv‡M m„ó bZzb Rxe‡K e‡j Uav݇RwbK Rxe| weMZ mv‡j Agri-G Avmv cÖkœvejx 1. AwZ ÿz`a wUmy ̈ †_‡K eû Pviv Drcv`‡bi c×wZ‡K e‡jÑ [Agri Cluster: 22-23] †K¬vbvj †cÖvcv‡Mkb gvB‡μv‡cÖvcv‡Mkb K ̈vjvm KvjPvi †mvgvwUK Ggeav‡qv‡R‡bwmm DËi: gvB‡μv‡cÖvcv‡Mkb e ̈vL ̈v: GKB ˆewkó ̈gwÛZ DwTM¢` Drcv`b Kivi Rb ̈ wUmy ̈ KvjPvi cÖhyw3 AZ ̈šÍ Kvh©Ki| AwZ ÿz`a wUmy ̈ †_‡K eû Pviv Drcv`‡bi c×wZ‡K gvB‡μv‡cÖvcv‡Mkb e‡j| 2. wiKw¤^‡b›U cÖhyw3i gva ̈‡g Drcvw`Z K ̈vÝvi wPwKrmvq e ̈eüZ Jla- [Agri Cluster: 22-23] wj‡çvKvBbm †mvgv‡Uv÷ ̈vwUb B›Uvi‡dib wnD‡gb BD‡ivKvB‡bR DËi: B›Uvi‡dib e ̈vL ̈v: M‡elKMY aviYv K‡i‡Qb †h K ̈vÝvi †Kv‡li e„w× iwnZ Ki‡Z B›Uvi‡dib mdjfv‡e e ̈envi Kiv hv‡e| B›Uvi‡dib K ̈vÝvi †iv‡Mi wPwKrmvq e ̈eüZ nq| 3. mqvweb †Z‡ji Drm †KvbwU? [Agri Cluster: 20-21] Sesamum indicum Glycine max Arachis hypogaea Helianthus annus DËi: Glycine max e ̈vL ̈v: mqvwe‡bi ˆeÁvwbK bvg: Glycine max 4. †Kvb GbRvBg‡K DNA Gi Rb ̈ Knife ejv nq? [Agri Cluster: 20-21] †iw÷aKkb G‡ÛvwbDwK¬‡qR cwjgv‡iR jvB‡MR jvB‡cR DËi: †iw÷aKkb G‡ÛvwbDwK¬‡qR e ̈vL ̈v: fvBivm‡K cÖwZ‡iva Kivi Rb ̈ e ̈vK‡Uwiqv‡Z cÖvK...wZKfv‡e †iw÷aKkb GbRvBg ˆZix nq| wKš‘ DNA AYyi mywbw`©ó ̄’vb KvUvi Rb ̈ GwU wRb cÖ‡KŠk‡j e ̈vcK (K‡qK nvRvi iK‡gi) e ̈eüZ nq| GRb ̈ G‡`i AvYweK KuvwP (Molecular Scissors) ev ˆRweK Qzwi (Biological Knife) ejv nq| weMZ mv‡j JU-G Avmv cÖkœvejx 1. wUmy ̈ KvjPv‡ii e ̈vmvj wgwWqv‡g my‡μv‡Ri cwigvY KZ? [JU-D: 22-23] 1-2% 5-7% 0.5-1% 2-4% DËi: 2-4% e ̈vL ̈v: wewfbœ ai‡bi g~L ̈ I †MŠY Dcv`vb (Macro & Micro elements), wfUvwgb, my‡μvR (2-4)%, dvB‡Uvni‡gvb cÖf...wZ e ̈vmvj wgwWqv‡g _vKv cÖ‡qvRb| †gŠwjK Dcv`vb mg„× Avev` gva ̈g‡K e ̈vmvj wgwWqvg e‡j|
RxecÖhyw3  Varsity Practice Sheet.................................................................................................................................... 3 2. wUmy ̈ KvjPv‡ii gva ̈‡g Drcvw`Z bZzb Pviv‡K wK e‡j? [JU-D: 22-23] mvqb cøv›U‡jU †Kjvm G·cøv›U DËi: cøv›U‡jU e ̈vL ̈v: wUmy ̈ KvjPv‡ii D‡Ï‡k ̈ gvZ...DwTM¢` n‡Z c„_KK...Z Ask‡K G·cøv›U ejv nq| wUmy ̈ KvjPv‡ii gva ̈‡g Drcvw`Z bZzb Pviv‡K AbyPviv (Plantlet) ejv nq| 3. wUmy ̈ KvjPv‡ii K ̈vjvm m„wó I msL ̈v e„w×i Rb ̈ cÖ‡qvRbxq Av‡jv I ZvcgvÎvi cwigvY? [JU-D: 22-23] 2000-4000 jv·, 350 - 370 †m. 2000 - 4000 jv·, 170 - 200 †m 3000-5000 jv·, 350 - 370 †m. 3000-5000 jv·, 170 - 200 †m. DËi: 3000-5000 jv·, 170 - 200 †m. e ̈vL ̈v: wgwWqv‡g G·cøv›U Z_v wUmy ̈ ̄’vc‡bi ci cvÎwU‡K GKwU ˆe`y ̈wZK Av‡jv (3000-5000 jv·) ev (1000-3000 jv·), ZvcgvÎv (170 -200 ) I Av‡cwÿK Av`a©Zv (70-75%) wbqwš¿Z K‡ÿ ivLv nq| 4. msKiRvZ ˆewkó ̈ iÿvq †Kvb ai‡bi wUmy ̈ KvjPvi nq? [JU-D: 22-23] åæY KvjPvi †cÖv‡Uvcøv÷ KvjPvi G‡Ûv ̄úvg© KvjPvi cysavbx KvjPvi DËi: åæY KvjPvi e ̈vL ̈v: åæY KvjPvi/Ggeav‡qv KvjPvi: eÜ ̈v åæY †_‡K DwTM¢` m„wó, exRnxb wUacø‡qW DwTM¢` Ges msKiRvZ ˆewkó ̈ msiÿY| †cÖv‡Uvcøv÷ KvjPvi: DbœZ RvZ m„wó| †hgb: mvBweaW| cysavbx KvjPvi: †nv‡gvRvBMvm RvZ m„wó| 5. †nv‡gvRvBMvm RvZ m„wói Rb ̈ †KvbwU cÖ‡hvR ̈? [JU-D: 22-23] †gwi‡÷g KvjPvi civM‡iYy KvjPvi åæY KvjPvi mm ̈ KvjPvi DËi: civM‡iYy KvjPvi e ̈vL ̈v:  †nv‡gvRvBMvm RvZ m„wó → civM‡iYy KvjPvi  †ivMgy3 Pviv Drcv`b → †gwi‡÷g KvjPvi  wWcø‡qW †K¬vbvj †cÖvcv‡Mkb → mm ̈ KvjPvi  exRnxb wUacø‡qW DwTM¢` → åæY KvjPvi 6. msKi ˆewkó ̈ UavÝdi‡gk‡bi c×wZ †KvbwU? [JU-D: 22-23] mm ̈ KvjPvi †gwi‡÷g KvjPvi cysavbx KvjPvi †cÖv‡Uvcøv÷ KvjPvi DËi: †cÖv‡Uvcøv÷ KvjPvi 7. wWcø‡qW †K¬vbvj †cÖvcv‡Mkb Kiv nq †Kvb wUmy ̈ KvjPvi K‡i? [JU-D: 22-23] mm ̈ åæY †cÖv‡Uvcøv÷ civM‡iYy DËi: mm ̈ e ̈vL ̈v: mm ̈ KvjPvi  wWcø‡qW †K¬vbvj †cÖvcv‡Mkb  åæY KvjPvi  exRnxb wUacø‡qW DwTM¢` Ges msKiRvZ ˆewkó ̈ iÿv|  civM‡iYy KvjPvi  †nv‡gvRvBMvm RvZ m„wó  †cÖv‡Uvcøv÷ KvjPvi  DbœZ RvZ m„wó| †hgb: mvBweaW, msKi UavÝdi‡gkb cÖf„wZ| 8. åæY KvjPvi K‡i †KvbwU Drcv`b Kiv nq? [JU-D: 22-23] fvBivmgy3 DwTM¢` mvBweaW exRnxb wUacø‡qW DwTM¢` †nv‡gvRvBMvm DwTM¢` DËi: exRnxb wUacø‡qW DwTM¢` 9. †Kvb weÁvbx cÖ_g cøvmwg‡Wi mÜvb cvb? [JU-D: 22-23] Walter Reed Gallow Laderberg Bawder DËi: Laderberg e ̈vL ̈v:  Walter Reed 1901 mv‡j me©cÖ_g gvbe‡`‡ni cxZ R¡i m„wóKvix fvBivm Avwe®‹vi K‡ib|  F.C Bawden & N.W. Pirie e‡jb- TMV wbDwK¬K GwmW Ges †cÖvwUb w`‡q MwVZ|  1984 mv‡j Gallow HIV fvBivm Avwe®‹vi K‡ib|  Laderberg (1952) E.coli e ̈vK‡Uwiqv †Kv‡l me©cÖ_g cøvmwgW mÜvb cvb| 10. wiKw¤^‡bU 'DNA' ‡K †cvlK †Kv‡l cÖ‡ek Kiv‡bvi †fŠwZK cÖwμqv †KvbwU? [JU-D: 22-23] jvB‡cv‡mvgx TMV Gunshot K ̈vjwmqvg †K¬vivBW wUaU‡g›U DËi: Gunshot e ̈vL ̈v: wiKw¤^‡b›U DNA ‡K ‡cvlK †Kv‡l cÖ‡ek Kiv‡bvi cÖZ ̈ÿ †fŠwZK cÖwμqv 3 wU| h_v: i) Electroporation ii) Micro-Injection iii) Biolistic (Gunshot) 11. wiKw¤^‡b›U DNA ‰Zixi †Kvb cÖwμqv †f±i wbf©ikxj bq? [JU-D: 22-23] jvB‡cv‡mvg UavÝdi‡gkb B‡j‡±av‡cv‡ikb Uav݇dKkb DËi: B‡j‡±av‡cv‡ikb e ̈vL ̈v: wiKw¤^‡b›U DNA ‰Zixi †ÿ‡Î B‡j‡±av‡cv‡ikb, gvB‡μvBb‡RKkb, MvbkU n‡jv cÖZ ̈ÿ †fŠwZK cÖwμqv| A_©vr Gme cÖwμqvq ‡f±i e ̈envi bv K‡i mivmwi wiKw¤^‡bU DNA ‡K †cvlK †Kv‡l cÖ‡ek Kiv‡bv nq|
4 ......................................................................................................................................  Biology 1st Paper Chapter-11 12. RxecÖhyw3i gva ̈‡g †Kvb Rv‡Zi avb n‡Z mycvi ivBm DTM¢vweZ? [JU-D: 22-23] AvDk Avgb †ev‡iv R ̈v‡cvwbKv DËi: R ̈v‡cvwbKv e ̈vL ̈v: myB‡W‡bi weÁvbx Ingo Potrykus (1999) I Zvi mn‡hvMxiv DTM¢veb K‡ib mycvi ivBm| Zviv Japonica UvBc av‡b, W ̈v‡dvwWj †_‡K weUv K ̈v‡ivwUb ˆZwii PviwU wRb Ges AwZwi3 Avqib ˆZwii wZbwU wRb cÖwZ ̄’vcb K‡ib| 13. fzÆv‡K Liv cÖwZ‡ivax Kiv n‡q‡Q †Kvb wRb cÖ‡ek Kwi‡q? [JU-D: 22-23] Arabadopsis †_‡K At NHXI wRb Bacillus thuringiensis †_‡K cryI AC wRb Bacillus subtilis n‡Z csp B wRb m~h©gyLx n‡Z mvjdvigy3 A ̈vwg‡bv GwmW wRb DËi: Bacillus subtilis n‡Z csp B wRb e ̈vL ̈v: Bacillus subtilis ‡_‡K csp B wRb fzÆv DwTM¢‡`i cÖ‡ek Kwi‡q fzÆv‡K Liv cÖwZ‡ivax Kiv m¤¢e n‡q‡Q|  Arabidopsis ‡_‡K At NHXI wRb cÖ‡ek Kwi‡q ÔcxbvUÕ DwTM¢`‡K jeYv3Zv mwnòz Kiv n‡q‡Q|  m~h©gyLxi mvjdvi A ̈vwg‡bv GwmW m„wóKvix wRb Agrobacterium tumefaciens e ̈vK‡Uwiqvi cøvmwgW DNA Gi gva ̈‡g †K¬vfvi Nv‡m ̄’vbvšÍi Kiv n‡”Q| 14. ˆRe cÖhyw3 e ̈envi K‡i kw3kvjx Spider Silk Drcv`b n‡”Q †KvbwU n‡Z? [JU-D: 22-23] ZvgvK cvZv QvM‡ji `ya Kzmyg dz‡ji exR E.coli DËi: QvM‡ji `ya e ̈vL ̈v: hLb dvg©vwmDwUK ̈vj `ae ̈ A‡bK eo gvÎvq Drcv`b Kiv nq ZLb Zv‡K ev‡qvdvwg©s e‡j| GMO QvM‡ji `ya †_‡K kw3kvjx Spider Silk Drcv`b Kiv n‡”Q| 15. †c‡ci wis ̄úU cÖwZ‡ivax RvZ DTM¢ve‡b Kx e ̈eüZ n‡q‡Q? [JU-D: 22-23] fvBiv‡mi †KvU †cÖvwUb †iwW‡qkb e ̈vK‡Uwiqvi †KvU †cÖvwUb MøvBd‡mU fvÛvi wRb DËi: fvBiv‡mi †KvU †cÖvwUb e ̈vL ̈v: †Uvev‡Kv †gvRvBK fvBivm, c‡U‡Uv fvBivm Gi †KvU †cÖvwUb (CP) wRb w`‡q UavÝdi‡gkbK...Z ZvgvK MvQ fvBivm AvμgY n‡Z wb‡R‡K cÖwZ‡iva K‡i‡Q| B‡Zvg‡a ̈ GKBfv‡e †c‡ci wis ̄úU cÖwZ‡ivax RvZ DTM¢veb n‡q‡Q| 16. RxecÖhyw3 e ̈envi K‡i ‡ncvUvBwUm-B f ̈vKwmb Drcv`‡b ‡Kvb MvQ e ̈eüZ nq? [JU-D: 22-23] ZvgvK Zzjv ev`vg mqvweb DËi: ZvgvK e ̈vL ̈v:  ZvgvK Mv‡Q †ncvUvBwmm-B f ̈vKwmb Drcv`b Kiv n‡q‡Q| MøvBd‡mU cÖwZ‡ivax mqvweb DwTM¢` DTM¢veb| 17. Uav݇RwbK DwTM¢` bq †KvbwU? [JU-D: 22-23] ̄^Y©avb ̧qvb-18 avb Bt Zzjv jeYv3Zv mwnòz ev`vg DËi: ̧qvb-18 avb e ̈vL ̈v: Uav݇RwbK DwTM¢` mg~n:  jeYv3Zv mwnòz cxbvU|  ÿwZKviK †cvKv-gvK‡oi g„Zz ̈ NUv‡Z cv‡i Bt.cotton|  MøvBd‡mU cÖwZ‡ivax mqvweb DwTM¢`|  ̧qvb-18, wRbNyqv-1, A ̈v‡Ûav‡RwbK n ̈vcø‡qW DwTM¢`| 18. Uav݇RwbK DwTM¢‡`i †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU mwVK? [JU-D: 22-23] we‡kl ˆewk‡ó ̈i cÖKvk N‡U bv †Kej wW¤^vYyi †Lvjm e ̈eüZ nq evwn ̈K cÖKv‡k wfbœZv †`Lv †`q wgD‡Ukb ev cÖKiY N‡U bv DËi: evwn ̈K cÖKv‡k wfbœZv †`Lv †`q e ̈vL ̈v: RxecÖhyw3i mvnv‡h ̈ Kvh©Kix ewn: ̄’ wRb mwbœ‡ewkZ DbœZ ̧YMZ gvbhy3 DwTM¢` n‡jv Uav݇RwbK DwTM¢`| G‡`i ˆewkó ̈Ñ  evwn ̈K cÖKv‡k wfbœZv †`Lv hvq|  we‡kl ˆewk‡ó ̈i mgš^q N‡U|  wgD‡Ukb msNwUZ nq| 19. DwTM¢‡` bvB‡Uav‡Rb mse܇b †Kvb wRb cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq? [JU-D: 22-23] csp B At NHXI Nif Luciferin DËi: Nif e ̈vL ̈v: wbd wRb → bvB‡Uav‡Rb mse܇bi Rb ̈ `vqx| csp B → Liv cÖwZ‡ivax fzÆvi RvZ m„wó K‡i| At NHXI → jeYv3Zv mwnòz RvZ m„wó K‡i| Luciferin → `y ̈wZgq DwTM¢` m„wó‡Z mnvqZv K‡i| 20. †K¬v‡bi †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU mwVK? [JU-D: 22-23] wRbMZ cv_©K ̈ m„wó nq wgD‡Ukb N‡U we‡kl ˆewk‡ó ̈i cÖKvk N‡U bv evwn ̈K cÖKv‡k wfbœZv Av‡m DËi: we‡kl ˆewk‡ó ̈i cÖKvk N‡U bv e ̈vL ̈v: we‡kl ˆewk‡ó ̈i mgš^q N‡U bv|  †Kv‡bv wR‡bvwgK cv_©K ̈ m„wó nq bv|  cÖvYxi evwn ̈K ˆewkó ̈ mv`„k ̈c~Y© nq| 21. Bbmywjb ˆZix‡Z E.coli e ̈vK‡Uwiqv‡K competent Kivi mwVK c×wZ bq †KvbwU? [JU-D: 22-23] wnUkK †g_W B‡jw±aK cvjm& †g_W jvB‡cv‡mvg e ̈envi CaCl2 wUaU‡g›U DËi: jvB‡cv‡mvg e ̈envi e ̈vL ̈v: ̄^vfvweK Ae ̄’vq e ̈vK‡Uwiqv Ab ̈ cøvmwgW MÖnY K‡i bv| wnU kK †g_‡Wi gva ̈‡g †cvlK e ̈vK‡Uwiqv‡K wiKw¤^‡b›U cøvmwgW MÖn‡Yi Rb ̈ Dc‡hvMx Kiv nq| K ̈vjwmqvg mg„× K‡i B‡jw±aK cvjm †g_W Gi gva ̈‡g we‡kl cwi‡ek m„wó Ki‡j H e ̈vK‡Uwiqv cøvmwgW MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i|