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BUKU PANDUAN TINGKAT ADVANCE CHIROPRACTIC S E N S E I D I T H A
i DAFTAR ISI DAFTAR ISI .......................................................................................................................... i BAB 1 ................................................................................................................................. 1 A. TERAPI MANIPULASI TULANG TULANG .......................................................................... 1 Pendahuluan .............................................................................................................. 1 Diskusi........................................................................................................................ 3 Efek neurofisiologis dari manipulasi tulang belakang ................................................. 7 Efek neuromuskular ................................................................................................... 9 Respons otonom ...................................................................................................... 19 Efek hipoalgesik ....................................................................................................... 26 Kesimpulan............................................................................................................... 31 B. BISAKAH MANIPULASI MEMPENGARUHI ORGAN DALAM? ...................................... 32 Pendahuluan ............................................................................................................ 32 Dasar teori saat ini ................................................................................................... 32 Tidak ada hubungan neurologis antara tulang belakang dan organ: Sanggahan singkat...................................................................................................................... 35 Kesalahpahaman, atau salah tafsir yang disengaja? ................................................. 37 C. Kesalahpahaman Gerakan Palpasi................................................................................ 40 Pendahuluan ............................................................................................................ 40 Keandalan gerakan palpasi intrarater dan interrater................................................ 41 Keandalan tes gerakan palpasi osteopatik................................................................ 43 Kesimpulan dan rekomendasi .................................................................................. 45 D. TULANG SERVIKS ......................................................................................................... 47 Pendahuluan ............................................................................................................ 47 Sendi ........................................................................................................................ 48 Rentang gerak .......................................................................................................... 50 Cedera leher umum ................................................................................................. 51 Tanda bahaya........................................................................................................... 53 Tes khusus................................................................................................................ 56
ii TEKNIK MANIPULASI TULANG SERVIKS......................................................................... 59 Duduk, Manipulasi C2–C7......................................................................................... 59 Telentang, Manipulasi C2–C7 ................................................................................... 60 Tengkurap, Manipulasi C2–C7 .................................................................................. 61 Berbaring miring, Manipulasi C2–C7 ........................................................................ 63 Berbaring miring, Manipulasi oksipital-atlantal dan atlantal-aksial (OA–AA)............ 65 Duduk, Manipulasi OA–AA ....................................................................................... 66 Tengkurap, Manipulasi OA–AA................................................................................. 68 Manipulasi ibu jari dan dagu TMJ............................................................................. 70 Point penting............................................................................................................ 70 Kontak dagu TMJ...................................................................................................... 71 Poin penting............................................................................................................. 72 Manipulasi TMJ menggunakan pisiform atau thenar eminence ............................... 73 Poin penting............................................................................................................. 74 Manipulasi TMJ menggunakan eminensia thenar yang diperkuat ............................ 75 Poin penting............................................................................................................. 75 BAB II............................................................................................................................. 76 A. TULANG BELAKANG DADA ....................................................................................... 76 Pendahuluan ............................................................................................................ 76 Sendi ........................................................................................................................ 77 Rentang Gerak ......................................................................................................... 79 Cedera Umum.......................................................................................................... 80 Tanda bahaya........................................................................................................... 82 Tes khusus................................................................................................................ 83 TEKNIK MANIPULASI JUNCTION CERVICO-THORACIC................................................... 86 Tengkurap, Manipulasi sambungan serviko-toraks................................................... 86 Berbaring miring, Manipulasi sambungan serviko-toraks dengan, sisi kontralateral 88 Duduk, Manipulasi sambungan serviks-toraks, kontak suboksipital dan mastoid ..... 88 TEKNIK-TEKNIK MANIPULASI TULANG TUNGGAL THORACIC ........................................ 90
iii Terlentang, Manipulasi toraks ipsilateral, T2–T12 .................................................... 90 Terlentang tunggal, Manipulasi toraks, T2– T12....................................................... 92 Telentang, Manipulasi toraks, T2–T12...................................................................... 93 Berguling telentang, Manipulasi toraks ipsilateral, T2–T12 ...................................... 96 Berguling terlentang yang diperkuat, Manipulasi tulang belakang dada ipsilateral, T2–T12 ..................................................................................................................... 98 Tengkurap, mendorong tulang belakang dada – 'butterfly', dengan menjatuhkan badan, T2–T10........................................................................................................ 101 Tengkurap, Teknik tombak tulang belakang dada dengan menjatuhkan badan, T2– T12......................................................................................................................... 103 Tengkurap, Teknik tombak tombak dengan ekstensi, T2–T12 ................................ 105 Manipulasi tulang belakang dada dengan satu tangan, T2–T12 ............................. 107 Manipulasi tulang belakang dada dua tangan, T2–T12........................................... 109 Berdiri, Manipulasi tulang belakang dada ipsilateral, T2–T12................................. 111 B. BAHU DAN TULANG RUSUK.................................................................................... 113 Pendahuluan .......................................................................................................... 113 Sendi ...................................................................................................................... 115 Rentang gerak ........................................................................................................ 118 Cedera umum ........................................................................................................ 119 Tanda bahaya......................................................................................................... 121 Tes khusus.............................................................................................................. 122 TEKNIK MANIPULASI BAHU ........................................................................................ 126 Duduk, Sendi akromioklavikularis (AC) (teknik kekuatan otot dan teknik dorong HVLA) ..................................................................................................................... 126 Duduk, Sendi akromioklavikularis (AC) (teknik kekuatan otot dan teknik dorong HVLA)..................................................................................................................... 128 Duduk, dari atas ke bawah, HVLA sendi glenohumeral (GH) dan akromioklavikularis (AC) ........................................................................................................................ 129 Duduk, dari atas ke bawah, HVLA sendi glenohumeral (GH) dan akromioklavikularis (AC) dalam fleksi .................................................................................................... 130