Tiêu đề 10 Fossil fungi.pdf ✅

➢ Fossil fungi are the preserved remains or traces of ancient fungi. ➢ The fungi are not uncommon fossils, their fossils have not received a great attention compared to other groups of fossils. ➢ Fossil fungi are often difficult or impossible to identify due to limited information on their life processes and reproduction. ➢ The most common kind of fossil fungi is by incrustation with calcium carbonate. ➢ Some fungi inhabiting leaves and stems remain as impressions. ➢ James (1893), Seward (1933) traced the existence of fungi, to the Devonian period. ➢ Saccardo (1882) included 350 names of fossil fungi in his book “Sylloge Fungorum’’. ➢ Some of the fossil fungi are: Mucorites cambrensis, Penicillites curtipes, Peziztes candidus, Agaricites wardianus
I. Compression Fossils ➢ Formed by the compression of fungal remains into sedimentary rocks. ➢ Fossilized parts: Entire fungal body, hyphae, or spores. ➢ E.g., Paleopyrenomycites devonicus II. Petrified fossils ➢ Minerals infiltrate fungal structures and transform the organic tissues into stone. ➢ Fossilized parts: Hyphae, spores, or fruiting bodies. ➢ E.g., Glomitesrhyniensis
III. Amber Fossils ➢ Formed when fungi are trapped in tree resin that hardens into amber. ➢ Fossilized parts: Hyphae, spores, or fruiting bodies. ➢ E.g., Archaeomarasmius leggetti (Cretaceous mushroom in amber) IV. Trace Fossils ➢ Indirect evidence of fungal activity, such as growth or decay patterns. ➢ Fossilized parts: Imprints or damage caused by fungal mycelium. V. Molecular Fossils ➢ Organic compounds indicating fungal presence in ancient environments. ➢ Fossilized parts: Chitin, sterols, or other molecular biomarkers.
I. Mucorites cambrensis ➢ This fossil fungus resembling the modern genus Mucor. ➢ Found in sedimentary deposits with calcium carbonate incrustations. ➢ This fossil was discovered in Carboniferous-aged rocks in France. ➢ Represents saprophytic fungi important in nutrient cycling. II. Penicillites curtipes ➢ This fossil fungus associated with the genus Penicillium. ➢ Characterized by short, simple conidiophores. ➢ Likely a decomposer of organic matter in ancient ecosystems.