Tiêu đề 1.1 Introduction to fluid mechanics.pdf ✅

Fluid Mechanics • Fluid : substance can able to flow under the action of shear force • Mechanics: The oldest physical science that deals with both stationary and moving bodies under the influence of forces. • Statics: The branch of mechanics that deals with bodies at rest. • Dynamics: The branch that deals with bodies in motion. • Fluid mechanics: The science that deals with the behavior of fluids at rest (fluid statics) or in motion (fluid dynamics), and the interaction of fluids with solids or other fluids at the boundaries.
Fluid • Fluid: A substance in the liquid or gas phase. • A solid can resist an applied shear stress by deforming. • A fluid deforms continuously under the influence of a shear stress, no matter how small. • In solids, stress is proportional to strain, but in fluids, stress is proportional to strain rate. • When a constant shear force is applied, a solid eventually stops deforming at some fixed strain angle, whereas a fluid never stops deforming and approaches a constant rate of strain.
4 Application Areas of Fluid Mechanics Fluid dynamics is used extensively in the design of artificial hearts. Shown here is the Penn State Electric Total Artificial Heart.