Tiêu đề TỜ SỐ 21 TEST 02 UNIT 5 INVENTIONS.docx ✅

a. Its main purpose was to improve transportation by making river travel faster and more reliable, reducing some dependence on overland routes. b. Railways are generally efficient because they are cost – effective and can carry large volumes of passengers and freight over long distances. c. Transportation means the movement of people and goods from one place to another through modes such as road, rail, air, and water. d. Before railways were widespread, many travelers used steamboats to move between cities via waterways. e. Robert Fulton’s Clermont, launched in 1807, is often considered the first commercially successful steamboat in the United States. [Adapted from https://brainly.com/question/17500023] A. b – a – c – e – d B. b – c – e – a – d C. e – a – c – b – d D. a – e – c – b – d Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22. The Telephone Telephone is an important invention that has great impacts on human life. Although several scientists are said to have worked on similar technologies, Alexander Graham Bell is considered the inventor of the telephone. (18) ____________.  Alexander Graham Bell was born on March 3, 1847, in Edinburgh, Scotland. Bell's father, a professor at the University of Edinburgh, (19) ____________, a system of symbols which guided the deaf to pronounce sounds. His mother, despite being deaf, was an accomplished pianist. In 1873. Alexander became a professor at Boston University where he met his wife, Mabel Hubbard, who completely lost her hearing after a fever.  In 1871, Alexander started serious research into developing a device (20) ____________. The greatest challenge was how to send a human voice over a wire. On March 7, 1876, Bell filed the first patent for his telephone. A few days later, he made the first telephone call to Thomas Watson, his assistant. Sitting in one room, (21) ____________. I want to see you." In 1877, he created the Bell Telephone Company, which later became AT&T, the largest phone company in the USA. Alexander expected that his discovery would allow talking over long distances, (22) ____________. Question 18: A. He was a well – known inventor of telephones, who helped hearing – impaired people to communicate B. He was famous for his experiments in sound and for helping hearing – impaired people to communicate C. The works of other scientists later also received attention and were honored by people for their contributions D. So remarkable were his ideas that newspapers soon took notice of his daily routine Question 19: A. who was famous for developing Visible Speech B. being famous for developing Visible Speech C. he was famous for developing Visible Speech D. was famous for developing Visible Speech Question 20: A. for which he had been performing experiments with sound for many years B. that allowed people to communicate from different places at the same time C. was designed to transmit human voices through electrical signals D. with which written messages were sent using a complex series of telegraphic clicks Question 21: A. the telephone transmitted a faint buzz that neither of them could interpret B. Watson waited beside the apparatus, uncertain whether any words would come through
C. they prepared their notes carefully before attempting any spoken transmission D. he called Watson in the next room, saying "Mr. Watson, come here Question 22: A. so he could not foresee the day when telephone wires would also transmit live video footage B. while he was uncertain if future telephone lines could be capable of transmitting video C. but he never imagined that one day, telephone lines could even carry video images like today D. and many predicted it would completely replace personal letters within a decade Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30. One of the world‘s most famous innovators, Steve Jobs says, ―Sometimes when you innovate, you make mistakes. It is best to admit them quickly and get on with improving your other innovations. Thus, inventors and innovators have to be intrepid enough to take risks; consider failures as stepping stones and not stumbling blocks. Some inventions are the result of a keen observation or a simple discovery. The inventor of Velcro, also called the zipless zipper, is the Swiss engineer George de Mestral. He was hiking in the woods when he found burrs clinging to his clothes and his dog‘s fur. Back at home, he studied the burrs. He discovered that each burr was a collection of tiny hooks which made it cling on to another object. A few years later, he made and patented the strips of fabric that came to us as Velcro. The world of inventions and innovations is a competitive one. But the race does not end here; it is also prevalent in the case of getting intellectual property rights. There have been inventors who failed to get a single patent while there have been some who managed to amass numerous patents in their lifetime. Thomas Edison had 1,093 patents to his credit! We relate the telephone with Alexander Graham Bell. It is believed that around the same time, Antonio Meucci had also designed the telephone, but due to lack of resources and various hardships, he could not proceed with the patent of his invention. It is also believed that Elisha Gray had made a design for the telephone and applied for the patent at the U.S. patent office on the same day as Graham Bell did. By sheer chance, Graham‘s lawyer‘s turn to file the papers came first. Hence, Graham was granted the first patent for the telephone. It is not easy, and at times almost impossible, for an inventor to be an innovator too. There are very few like Thomas Edison who graduated from being an incredible inventor to a successful manufacturer and businessman with brilliant marketing skills. While innovations that have helped to enhance the quality of life are laudable, equally laudable are the inventions that laid the foundation of these very innovations. [Adapted from https://gmatclub.com/forum/the – words – invention – and – innovation – are – closely – linked – but – they – are – 333003.html] Question 23: Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the passage? A. George de Mestral observed burrs on his clothes and his dog's fur. B. Thomas Edison had more than a thousand patents. C. Antonio Meucci was unable to get a patent for his invention due to a lack of resources. D. Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone before anyone else. Question 24: The word "intrepid" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to which of the following? A. cautious B. fearless C. intelligent D. creative Question 25: The word "amass" in paragraph 4 is OPPOSITE in meaning to which of the following? A. scatter B. collect C. achieve D. inherit Question 26: The word "them" in paragraph 1 refers to: A. innovators B. mistakes C. innovations D. risks Question 27: Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. Elisha Gray was the first to patent the telephone, not Alexander Graham Bell. B. Steve Jobs believes that admitting mistakes is a key part of the innovation process.