Tiêu đề 5. TYPES OF CHRONIC INFLAMMATION.pdf ✅

PHARMD GURU Page 1 DEFINITION: Chronic inflammation is defined as prolonged process in which tissue destruction and inflammation occur at the same time. CAUSES: Chronic inflammation can be caused by one of the following 3 ways: 1. CHRONIC INFLAMMATION FOLLOWING ACUTE INFLAMMATION: When the tissue destruction is extensive, or the bacteria survive and persist in small numbers at the site of acute inflammation e.g. in osteomyelitis, pneumonia terminating in lung abscess. 2. RECURRENT ATTACKS OF ACUTE INFLAMMATION: When repeated bouts of acute inflammation culminate in chronicity of the process e.g. in recurrent urinary tract infection leading to chronic pyelonephritis, repeated acute infection of gallbladder leading to chronic cholecystitis. 3. CHRONIC INFLAMMATION STARTING DE NOVO: When the infection with organisms of low pathogenicity is chronic from the beginning e.g. infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. GENERAL FEATURES OF CHRONIC INFLAMMATION: Though there may be differences in chronic inflammatory response depending upon the tissue involved and causative organisms, there are some basic similarities amongst various types of chronic inflammation. Following general features characterize any chronic inflammation: 1) MONONUCLEAR CELL INFILTRATION: Chronic inflammatory lesions are infiltrated by mononuclear inflammatory cells like phagocytes and lymphoid cells. Phagocytes are represented by circulating monocytes, tissue macrophages, epithelioid cells and sometimes, multinucleated giant cells. The macrophages comprise the most important cells in chronic inflammation. These may appear at the site of chronic inflammation from: TYPES OF CHRONIC INFLAMMATION