Tiêu đề COMPRE - POST TEST - RESPI HEMA (Mr. Mediarito) SC ✅

TOP RANK REVIEW ACADEMY, INC. Page 1 | COMPREHENSIVE PHASE POST TEST RESPIRATORY AND HEMATOLOGY Prepared By: Mr. Jeffrey Mediarito, MAN, PHRN, HAAD-RN, UK-RN November 2025 Philippine Nurse Licensure Examination Review 1. The nurse reviews the arterial blood gas results of a client and notes the following: pH of 7.30 (7.30), Paco2 of 50 mm Hg (50 mm Hg),and bicarbonate (HCO3) of 22 mEq/L (22 mmol/L). The nurse analyzes these results as indicating which condition? A. Metabolic acidosis, compensated B. Respiratory alkalosis, compensated C. Metabolic alkalosis, uncompensated D. Respiratory acidosis, uncompensated 2. Which arterial blood gas (ABG) values would the nurse anticipate in the client with a bowel obstruction who has a nasogastric tube attached to continuous suction? A. pH 7.25, Paco2 55, HCO3 24 B. pH 7.30, Paco2 38, HCO3 20 C. pH 7.48, Paco2 30, HCO3 23 D. pH 7.49, Paco2 38, HCO3 30 3. The nurse provides care for a client who presents to the emergency department (ED) with blunt chest trauma. The client’s vital signs are as follows: blood pressure is 72/52 mm Hg; heart rate is 124 beats/minute; respirations are 9 breaths/minute; and current oxygen saturation is 86% on 4 L/min oxygen via nasal cannula. Which diagnostic test should the nurse anticipate will be prescribed by the health care provider (HCP) as the best way to evaluate the efficiency of the client’s gas exchange? A. ABG analysis B. CBC C. CT Scan of the chest D. PET Scan 4. Nurse Smith is caring for Mr. Rodriguez, a patient diagnosed with Guillain-Barré syndrome. He starts showing signs of respiratory acidosis due to reduced alveolar ventilation. Which set of arterial blood gas (ABG) values would confirm respiratory acidosis? A. pH 7.25; PaCO2 50 mm Hg B. pH 5.0; PaCO2 30 mm Hg C. pH 7.35; PaCO2 40 mm Hg D. pH 7.40; PaCO2 35 mm Hg 5. pH : 7.20, PCo2: 35, HCo3: 20 Please interpret this finding: A. Metabolic Acidosis Compensated B. Metabolic Acidosis Uncompensated C. Metabolic Alklosus Compensated D. Metabolic Alkalosis Uncompensated 6. The client is scheduled for bronchoscopy. Which of the following is NOT necessary to be done by the nurse when preparing the clienty fo the procedure ? A. Ask for allergy to sea foods or iodine B. Atropine sulfate pre-procedure as prescribed C. Instruct client to remove denture D. NPO for 6-8 hours. 7. The nursre is suctioning the client with tracheostomy , which of the following is inappropriate nursing action ? A. Apply suction for 5-10 seconds at a time ‘ B. Appply suction while withdrawing in a circular motion C. Cleanses the catheter in sterile water , resuse catheter for no longer than 8 hours D. Use sterile gloves 8. The nurse is assessing a client with multiple trauma who is at risk for developing acute respiratory distress syndrome. The nurse would assess for which earliest sign of acute respiratory distress syndrome? A. Bilateral wheezing B. Inspiratory crackles C. Intercostal retractions D. Increased respiratory rate 9. Which of the following assessment findings would the nurse expect to find in a client with COPD A. Barrel-chest shaped B. Lymphnoid on the neck C. Non-productive cough ‘ D. Respiratory alkalosis 10. The nurse is performing a respiratory assessment on a client being treated for an asthma attack. The nurse determines that the client's respiratory status is worsening based upon which finding? A. Loud wheezing B. Wheezing on expiration C. Noticeably diminished breath sounds D. Increased displays of emotional apprehension 11. In a client is chronic bronchitis, which sign should lead the nurse to suspect right heart failure (cor pulmonale) A. Circumoral cyanosis B. Bilateral crackels C. Productive cough D. Leg edema 12. A 60 year old client with COPD who has trouble raising respiratory secretions, which of the following nursing measures would help reduce the tenacity of secretions? A. Ensuring that the client’s diet is low in Potasium B. Ensuring that the client’s oxygen therapy is continous at 4Lpm C. Helping the client maintain a high fluid intake D. Keeping the client in sitting position as much as possible 13. Nurse Marry Grace is discussing clinical terms with his team during a shift change. She brings up the term "blue bloater" and asks his colleagues which condition it typically describes, What does this term refer to? A. Adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) B. Pneumonia C. Emphysema D. Chronic obstructive bronchitis 14. The bronchodilator typically employed during a reversibility test is: A. Montelukast B. Salbutamol C. Theophylline anhydrous D. Atropine 15. Out of the provided list of drugs, which one belongs to the class of compounds known as xanthines derivatives ? A. Leukotrine inhibitor B. Epinephrine Hydrochloride C. Glimepiride D. Theophylline 16. In patient with COPD , which of the following is the primary reason to teach purse-lip breathing to clients with emphysema? A. To strengthen intercostals muslce B. To promote increase oxygenation C. To promote carbon dioxide elimination D. To promote carbon dioxide retention * NLE * NCLEX * HAAD * PROMETRICS * DHA * MIDWIFERY * LET * RAD TECH * CRIMINOLOGY * DENTISTRY * PHARMACY * MED TECH

TOP RANK REVIEW ACADEMY, INC. Page 3 | 34. Select the patient below who is at MOST risk for pernicious anemia:* A. A 75 year old male who recently had gastric surgery. B. A 25 year old female who reports craving ice and clay. C. A 66 year old male whose peripheral blood smear showed hypochromic red blood cells. D. A 26 year old male whose factor VIII is deficient. 35. A patient, with a history of gastric bypass surgery 6 months ago, reports feeling very fatigued and is having food cravings for clay and dirt. On assessment, you note the patient has nail changes that look "spoon-shaped". This spoon-shaped appearance of the nails is called? A. Cheilosis B. Pica C. Koilonychias D. Leukonychia 36. You are providing diet teaching to a patient with low iron levels. Which foods would you encourage the patient to eat regularly? A. Milk, Herbal tea, apples, and watermelon B. Sweet potatoes, artichokes, and packaged meat C. Lean meat , Egg yolks, and legumes, raisins. D. Chocolate, cornbread, and cabbage, pasta 37. A client with pernicious anemia asks why she must take vitamin B12 injections for the rest of her life. What is the nurse’s best response? A. “The reason for your vitamin deficiency is an inability to absorb the vitamin because the stomach is not producing sufficient acid.” B. “The reason for your vitamin deficiency is an inability to absorb the vitamin because the stomach is not producing sufficient intrinsic factor.” C. “The reason for your vitamin deficiency is an excessive excretion of the vitamin because of kidney dysfunction.” D. “The reason for your vitamin deficiency is an increased requirement for the vitamin because of rapid red blood cell production.” 38. The nurse is teaching a client with polycythemia vera about potential complications from this disease. Which manifestations would the nurse include in the client’s teaching plan? Select all that apply. 1. Hearing loss 2. Blurred vision 3. Headache 4. Chest pain 5. Bone pain 6. Weight loss A. 1,2,3,4,5,6 B. 2,3,4,5,6 C. 2,3,4,5 D. 2,3,4,5,6 39. You are making a room assignment for a newly arrived client whose laboratory testing indicates pancytopenia. All of these clients are already on the nursing unit. Which one will be the best roommate for the new client? A. The client with Hypertension B. The client with pseudomonas C. The client with shingles D. The client with cellulitis 40. The nurse is providing teaching to the patient diagnosed with Polycythemia Vera. Which statement, if made by the patient, indicates the need for further teaching? A. I need to make sure I stay active to prevent clot formation B. I guess I will have to stop drinking all my alcohol now. C. I should limit my bath time to less than thirty minutes D. I will need to take an iron supplement to help replace what is taken away by therapeutic blood draws. 41. Intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) therapy is prescribed for a child with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). What is the expected result of this medication? A. Urine positive for glucose and negative for protein B. Urine specific gravity of 1.020 and negative for red blood cells C. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) 22 mg/dL and creatinine levels of 2.1 mg/dL D. White blood cell count 18,000 cells/mm3 and platelets 355,000 cells/mm3 42. A child is admitted to the hospital with a suspected diagnosis of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and diagnostic studies are performed. Which diagnostic result is indicative of this disorder? A. An elevated platelet count B. Elevated hemoglobin and hematocrit levels C. A bone marrow examination showing an increased number of megakaryocytes D. A bone marrow examination indicating an increased number of immature white blood cells 43. The nurse is planning to assist with obtaining a set of arterial blood gas measurements for a client. Which items should the nurse plan to provide to optimally maintain the integrity of the specimen? A. A syringe that contains a preservative B. A heparinized syringe and a bag of ice C. A heparinized syringe and a preservative D. A syringe that contains a preservative and a bag of ice 44. The nurse is assigned to care for a client with a chest tube attached to closed chest drainage. What should the nurse determine is an indicator the client’s lung has completely expanded? A. Pleuritic chest pain has resolved B. The oxygen saturation is greater than 92% C. Fluctuations in the water-seal chamber ceased D. Suction in the chest drainage system is no longer needed 45. Desmopressin acetate (DDAVP) is prescribed via intranasal route for a child with von Willebrand’s disease, and the nurse instructs the parents regarding the administration of this medication. Which statement by the parents indicates a need for further teaching? A. “We need to refrigerate the DDAVP.” B. “We need to increase our child’s fluid intake.” C. “Nausea and abdominal cramps can occur as a side effect of the medication.” D. “Headache and drowsiness may be a sign of water intoxication that can occur with the medication.” 46. A client is diagnosed with pernicious anemia. The nurse reviews the client’s health history for disorders involving which organ responsible for vitamin B12 absorption? A. Liver B. Ileum C. Kidney D. Hepatobiliary 47. Which type of anemia is diagnosed with a Schilling test? A. Aplastic B. Pernicious C. Megaloblastic D. Iron deficiency 48. A patient with Von Willebrand disease is scheduled for a minor surgical procedure. Which intervention should the nurse prioritize before surgery? A. Administer a dose of desmopressin (DDAVP). B. Monitor the patient's platelet count. C. Educate the patient about the importance of rest. D. Obtain a thorough surgical history. 49. Nurse Chris is repositioning Mr. Daniels, a patient with a chest tube, when the tube accidentally disconnects. What should be Nurse Chris's initial action in response to this situation? A. Contact the physician for further instructions. B. B. Quickly set up and connect a new chest tube system. C. Submerge the end of the chest tube into a bottle of sterile water. D. Cover the disconnected site with a sterile dressing immediately. 50. The nurse has performed the initial assessments of ? clients admitted with an acute episode of asthma Which assessment finding would cause the nurse to call the provider immediately? A. prolonged inspiration with each breath B. expiratory wheezes that are suddenly absent in / lobe