Tiêu đề 9. UNIT 9. WORLD ENGLISHES - GV.docx ✅

UNIT 9. ENGLISHES A. Pronunciation ● Stress in words ending in -ion and -ity I. Write the words below in the correct row, according to the stress pattern. concentration necessity quality expression publicity anxiety subtraction society capacity priority appreciation communication productivity decoration possession reality quantity restriction accommodation variety Ooo quality, quantity oOo expression, subtraction, possession, restriction oOoo necessity, publicity, anxiety, society, capacity, priority, reality, variety ooOo concentration, decoration ooOoo productivity oooOo appreciation, communication, accommodation II. Mark the primary stress (’) in the underlined words, then read the sentences aloud. 1. The ’quality of the deco’ration is perfect. 2. The pri’ority of the ’charity is improving the quality of poor children’s lives. 3. Online communi’cation can be easier when we upgrade the ca’pacity of the broadband trans’mission. 4. The residents showed their an’xiety about the concen’tration of garbage in their neighbourhood. 5. The re’ality of the situation is that we should attract more pub’licity or the business has to close. B. Vocabulary • Aspects of languages & English language learning I. Complete the sentences with the words given below. concentric vocabulary exchange students official immigrants fluent bilingual mother tongue second language varieties 1. The majority of recent _____immigrants_____ to the USA are from Mexico and Central America. 2. While on our programme, ___exchange sudents___ live with a volunteer host family and attend their local high school. 3. The _____second language______ is the language one acquires after the first language. 4. Children naturally acquire their _______mother tongue____ through exposure.
5. By the age of two a child will have a(n) ____vocabulary______ of about two hundred words. 6. The article was about the different ____varieties_______ of Spanish spoken in South America. 7. In order to use this tool to draw _____concentric______ circles on a map, you should give the radius, and fill colours. 8. That _____bilingual____ woman can speak Spanish and English. 9. In the USA, English is the ______official_____ language and the government must do its business in English. 10. I can make myself understood in English, but I’m not _______fluent___________. II. Complete the gaps in the text with the words given below. historical communication model importance level concentric development majority spread native The Expansion of English Kachru’s model provides a way of looking at the expansion and use of the English language as a second and as a foreign language. Kachru’s Three Circles of English is a(n) 1 ____model_____ that categorises the use and 2 ___spread____ of the English language into three 3 ____concentric_____ circles. English has different uses in different countries and each “circle” refers to a group of countries in which English has a similar 4 _____level____ of importance. We can group the ways in which people use English into three distinct categories: - English is spoken as the mother tongue by the 5 ___majority_____ of population. - People speak a different 6 _______native________ language, but English is used in the country as a second language. - English is used as a foreign language only for international 7 _____communication___. The 8 ___importance___ of English in both official contexts and everyday life differs for countries in each category. This depends on a variety of factors including 9 _____historical___ factors such as British colonial relations and the 10 _____development____ of technology during the Industrial Revolution. III. Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the verbs given below. establish go over mean look up borrow translate pick up copy 1. Can you help me ______translate_________ this legal jargon into plain English? 2. Highlight the text you want and ________copy_______ it to the clipboard. 3. How can you _______look up________ the word if you don’t know how to spell it?
4. She ________pick up_______ Spanish when she was living in Mexico. 5. Remember to _______go over________ your essay for grammar and spelling mistakes before you hand it in to the teacher. 6. English has ________borrowed_______ many words from French. 7. There is a strong need to ______establish_________ effective communication links between the staff, parents, and pupils. 8. The word “loch” in Scots _________means______ “lake” in English. IV. Complete the gaps in the text with the correct form of the verbs given below. practise familiarize push write down pay understand enrich expose try out pick We can 1 ____enrich____ our vocabulary by reading a wide variety of English material such as fiction and non-fiction novels, online blogs. We will 2 ____pick up___ a range of words and phrases and 3 ____familiarize____ ourselves with words that we may hear in conversations with friends. Writing is also a great way to 4 ____practise__ using different vocabulary and gives us the opportunities to 5 __try out_____ different sentences on paper before we start using these phrases in real life conversations. Why don’t we try creating our own “English vocabulary book” where we can 6 ___write down___ different words and phrases we think will be helpful in the future. 7 __Paying_____ attention to conversation between English speakers on the bus, in the supermarket or in the English-speaking clubs is one of the best ways to increase our English vocabulary. This option allows us to hear different words and phrases in action so we can better 8 ___understand____ their meaning and use. Just like listening to conversations in English, watching TV or films will help us see different phrases in action in everyday conversations. If we are engaging with new people and 9 ____pushing___ ourselves to do new things and be in different situations, it is likely that we will meet people who have varying vocabularies. By 10 ___exposing___ ourselves to these different ways of speaking, we have the chance to learn different words naturally. • Borrowed words V. Match the dining terms to their origins. Write the answers in the blanks. 1. hotel __1-F__ A. the French word “salade” is for a dish made with a mix of raw vegetables 2. appetite __2-D__ B. the French word for “cake”, referring to a sweet, baked dessert
3. chef __3-H__ C. “vinaigrette” is a French term for a type of cold sauce made with vinegar, oil and various flavourings, often used as a salad dressing 4. salad __4-A__ D. the French word “aperitif’ refers to a pre-dinner drink designed to stimulate the desire to eat food 5. soup __5-G__ E. a popular French and English dish made with a base of egg yolks and beaten egg whites, combined with other ingredients, and then baked to achieve a light, airy quality 6. vinegar __6-C__ E. a popular French and English dish made with a base of egg yolks and beaten egg whites, combined with other ingredients, and then baked to achieve a light, airy quality 7. gateau __7-B__ F. the French word “hotel” refers to an establishment offering accommodation and often meals 8. souffle __8-E__ G. the French term “soupe” is used for a liquid dish served hot or cold, typically made from boiling a combination of ingredients VI. Match the names of the vs states to their origins. Write the answers in the blanks. 1. Alabama _1-D__ A. the Indian word “tejas” means “friends” or “allies” 2. Kansas _2-H__ B. the Eskimo word “alakshak” means “peninsula” or “great lands” 3. Michigan _3-F__ C. the native word “Owhyhee” means “Homeland” 4. Alaska _4-B__ D. the name of the Alibamu tribe 5. Kentucky _5-I__ E. the word “Michi Sepe” means “great river” or “father of waters” because the Indians were aware of the immensity of the river 6. Mississippi _6-E__ F. the word “mishigamaa” means “large lake” 7. Texas _7-A__ G. the word “ida” means “salmon” and “ho” means “tribe” or “eaters”, so it means “salmon eaters” 8. Illinois _8-J__ H. the name of the Kansa tribe 9. Hawaii _9-C__ I. the word “Kentake” in the Native American means “meadow land”, and it also means “land of tomorrow” 10. Idaho _10-G_ J. the Indian word “illini” means “men” or “warriors” and it was added with the French adjective ending “ois” • British English & American English VII. Complete the definitions with the British English words below. Then match them to their American English equivalents.