Tiêu đề Day 29 - Surveying 2.pdf ✅

MATHEMATICS, SURVEYING, TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING, AND CONSTRUCTION presented by: Engr. Mansour Aguas Kippap Civil Engineering SURVEYING 2

DAY 29: SURVEYING 2 DIFFERENTIAL LEVELING You don't rise to the level of your goals, you fall to the level of your systems. A dumpy level is an instrument used to make elevation readings. It consists of a telescope that can only be rotated in the horizontal plane. Since it cannot be rotated vertically, the telescope must be perfectly horizontal to ensure accurate measurements. A bubble level is used to determine levelness. If the bubble is inside the designated circle, then the instrument is level.
DAY 29: SURVEYING 2 DIFFERENTIAL LEVELING You don't rise to the level of your goals, you fall to the level of your systems. A benchmark is a location whose elevation is already known. It can also be locations that can be reused for future readings, so its elevation is worth marking. Benchmarks are often not near each other which makes reading the telescope difficult. Thus, turning points are used as intermediate locations for easier reading. The reading to a previous benchmark or turning point is called the backsight. Foresight is the reading to the succeeding benchmark or turning point.