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UNTAPPED POWER THE STRENGTH OF ASIAN AMERICAN, NATIVE HAWAIIAN, AND PACIFIC ISLANDER WORKING PEOPLE Asian Pacific American Labor Alliance, AFL-CIO Institute for Asian Pacific American Leadership & Advancement
NOVEMBER 2019 ASIAN PACIFIC AMERICAN LABOR ALLIANCE (APALA), AFL-CIO is the first and only national organization of Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) union members and allies, building power for AAPI workers and communities. Its sister 501(c)3 organization, the Institute for Asian Pacific American Leadership & Advancement (IAPALA) was founded in 2011 to expand and deepen progressive advocacy. With IAPALA, APALA is both shifting the national narrative to be more inclusive of AAPI workers, communities, and issues, and prioritizing capacity building of the 20+ local chapters on the ground. Together, IAPALA and APALA aim to educate, activate, and mobilize our members to build a more equitable society for all. For more information, please visit www.apalanet.org. Special thanks to Michelle Loo, Marian Manapsal, Tracy Lai, Kim Geron, the APALA National Executive Board, and the APALA National Staff (Vivian Chang, Rebecca Hu, Kristina Romines, Alvina Yeh) for their support, guidance, and contributions to this report. This report came to fruition in collaboration with AAPI Data: Sunny Shao, Karthick Ramakrishnan, and Sono Shah, whose research and input were integral. We also thank Jayson Chang, Wayne Chow, Abeer Javed, Jenn Kuan, Pema Lama, Nith Lewis, Kevin Nguyen, and Ah Sing for sharing their stories and perspectives throughout the report. Opinions expressed in APALA publications are those of the authors and APALA. They do not necessarily reflect the views of APALA officers, National Executive Board members, funders who support APALA, or AAPI Data.
TABLE OF CONTENTS WELCOME INTRODUCTION EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PART I: AN OVERVIEW OF AANHPI WORKERS Population Growth and Labor Force Participation Rate Foreign-born Education Immigrant Businesses Union Rates Occupation and Industry AANHPI Labor History At A Glance PART II: THE UNION DIFFERENCE Higher wages Better benefits Safer workplaces A voice on the job PART III. ISSUES FACING AANHPI WORKING PEOPLE AND OBSTACLES TO BUILDING WORKER POWER Foundations of Excluding Workers of Color Current Political Climate Tax cuts that advantage the wealthy and impoverish working people Stacking the courts and administration with anti- worker activists Undermining worker safety, pay, and protections Advancing harmful immigration policies Unfamiliarity with the Labor Movement Aggressive Anti-Union Campaigns Exploitation, Retaliation, and Harassment Fear of deportation Sexual Harassment PART IV. OPPORTUNITIES AND RECOMMENDATIONS Policies for Stronger Worker Rights Research and Tap into AANHPIs’ Political Power Recommendations Organizing Young, Immigrant, Women, and LGBTQ Workers Young People Recommendations Immigrants Recommendations Women Recommendations LGBTQ Workers Recommendations Organizing Cross-Racial Coalitions Recommendations Strengthen Worker Center Organizing and in New Industries Worker Centers and Community-Based Organizations Direct and Contract Tech Workers Ridesharing Workers Nail Salon Workers Recommendations CONCLUSION VOICES OF WORKERS Jayson Chang Wayne Chow Abeer Javed Pema Lama Ah Sing FACT SHEETS Who are Southeast Asian Workers? Who are Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander Workers? Who are East Asian Workers? Who are South Asian Workers? END NOTES 6 7 10 11 12 12 12 12 13 14 15 16 17 17 17 18 19 20 20 20 21 21 22 22 24 25 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 31 31 33 33 34 35 36 36 37 38 39 39 40 40 40 41 41 42 43 44 45 48 50 52 52 53 54 55 56