Tiêu đề 26. DIABETES MELLITUS.pdf ✅

PHARMD GURU Page 1 INTRODUCTION: As per WHO diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous metabolic disorders characterized by common features of chronic hyperglycemia with disturbances in carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism. TYPES OF DIABETES MELLITUS: A) TYPE-I DIABETES MELLITUS: It is characterized by decreased secretion of insulin from pancrease. Type 1 diabetes is also called insulin-dependent diabetes. It used to be called juvenile-onset diabetes, because it often begins in childhood. It can be categorized as: 1) Subtype IA: It is characterized by autoimmune destruction of beta cells which usually leads to insulin deficiency. 2) Subtype IB (Idiopathic): It is characterized by insulin deficiency with tendency to develop ketosis. Cause for this type of diabetes is unknown. B) TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS: It is most common type of diabetes accounting for 80% cases of diabetes mellitus. Type 2 diabetes used to be called adult-onset diabetes, but with the epidemic of obese and overweight kids, more teenagers are now developing type 2 diabetes. C) GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS: About 4% women develop diabetes mellitus due to metabolic changes during pregnancy. It is temporary form of diabetes mellitus. TYPE-I DIABETES MELLITUS It is also called as insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. It is occurs due to decreased secretion of insulin from pancreas. It used to be called juvenile-onset diabetes, because it begins in childhood. ETIOPATHOGENESIS OF TYPE-I DM: Type IA DM is mainly associated with destruction of beta cells which causes insulin deficiency. The pathogenesis can be explained under three headings: DIABETES MELLITUS