Tiêu đề Unit-4-1.pdf ✅

Economic Right As per the Copyright Act 2059 of Nepal, only the author or the owner of copyright shall have the exclusive right to carry out the following acts in respect of the work: a) To reproduce the work, b) To translate the work, c) To revise or amend the work, d) To make arrangement and other transformation in the work, e) To sell, distribute or rent the original and copy of the work for the general public, f) To transfer or rent the right of audiovisual work, work embodied in sound recording, computer program or musical work in graphic form conferred to that author or owner, g) To import copies of the work, h) To have public exhibition of the original or copy of the work, i) To perform the work in public, j) To broadcast the work, k) To communicate the work to the general public. Fair Use Doctrine Copyright law tries to strike a balance between protecting an author’s rights and enabling public access to copyrighted works. The fair use doctrine was developed overthe years as courts worked to maintain that balance. It allows portions of copyrighted materials to be used without permission under certain circumstances. Title 17, Section 107, of the U.S. Code established that courts should consider the following four factors when deciding whether a particular use of copyrighted property is fair and can be allowed without penalty: 1. The purpose and character of the use (such as noncommercial use or nonprofit, educational purposes) 2. The nature of the copyrighted work 3. The portion of the copyrighted work used in relation to the work as a whole 4. The effect of the use on the value of the copyrighted work The concept that an idea cannot be copyrighted but the expression of an idea can be key to understanding copyright protection. For example, an author cannot copy the exact words that someone else used to describe his feelings during a skirmish with terrorists, but he can convey the sense of horror that the other person expressed. Also, there is no copyright infringement if two parties independently develop a similar or even identical work. For example, if two writers happened to use the same phrase to describe a key historical figure, neither would be guilty of infringement. Of course, independent creation can be extremely difficult to prove or disprove. Since 2004, Google has scanned and converted into machine readable form over 20 million books as part of a project to create an electronic searchable database of books. Users of the Google Books service can enter search queries and view full pages from books in which the search terms bcanepaltu.com