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Oral Wound Healing Cell Biology and Clinical Management Edited by Hannu Larjava Professor and Chair, Division of Periodontics Faculty of Dentistry University of British Columbia Vancouver BC, Canada A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication Larjava_ffirs.indd iii arjava_ffirs.indd iii 2/3/2012 12:50:13 PM /3/2012 12:50:13 PM
This edition fi rst published 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Inc Wiley-Blackwell is an imprint of John Wiley & Sons, Inc formed by the merger of Wiley’s global Scientifi c, Technical and Medical business with Blackwell Publishing. Registered Offi ce John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK Editorial Offi ces 2121 State Avenue, Ames, Iowa 50014-8300, USA The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, UK For details of our global editorial offi ces, for customer services and for information about how to apply for permission to reuse the copyright material in this book please see our website at www.wiley.com/wiley-blackwell. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use, or the internal or personal use of specifi c clients, is granted by Blackwell Publishing, provided that the base fee is paid directly to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923. For those organizations that have been granted a photocopy license by CCC, a separate system of payments has been arranged. The fee codes for users of the Transactional Reporting Service are ISBN-13: 978-0-8138-0481-1/2007. Designations used by companies to distinguish their products are often claimed as trademarks. All brand names and product names used in this book are trade names, service marks, trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. The publisher is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information in regard to the subject matter covered. It is sold on the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services. If professional advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional should be sought. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Oral wound healing : cell biology and clinical management / edited by Hannu Larjava. p. ; cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-8138-0481-1 (hardcover : alk. paper) I. Larjava, Hannu. [DNLM: 1. Periodontal Diseases–rehabilitation. 2. Mouth–injuries. 3. Oral Surgical Procedures–rehabilitation. 4. Wound Healing. WU 240] 617.6′32–dc23 2011042663 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books. Set in 10/12pt Times by SPi Publisher Services, Pondicherry, India 1 2012 Larjava_ffirs.indd iv arjava_ffirs.indd iv 2/3/2012 12:50:13 PM /3/2012 12:50:13 PM
Contents Contributors xiii Preface xvii 1 Oral Wound Healing: An Overview 1 Hannu Larjava Clotting and inflammation (chapters 2, 3 and 4) 1 Re-epithelialization and granulation tissue formation (chapters 5 and 6) 2 Angiogenesis (chapter 7) 3 Healing of extraction sockets (chapter 8) 4 Flap design for periodontal wound healing (chapter 9) 4 Regeneration of periodontal tissues (chapters 10 and 11) 5 Osteointegration and soft tissue healing around dental implants (chapter 12) 6 The pulp healing process (chapter 13) 7 Dermal wound healing and burn wounds (chapter 14) 7 Healing of large dentofacial defects (chapter 15) 8 References 9 2 Hemostasis, Coagulation and Complications 11 Carol Oakley and Hannu Larjava Introduction 11 Primary hemostasis 12 Secondary hemostasis and the coagulation system 13 Tertiary hemostasis 16 Tissue factor 16 Von willebrand factor 17 Other coagulation factors 17 Cell-centric model of hemostasis: from initiation to propagation 18 The procoagulant membrane 20 Membrane particles 22 Endothelium and hemostasis 22 Pro- and anticoagulant functions 22 Platelets 24 Coagulation and wound healing 26 Limitations of the waterfall cascade model and screening laboratory tests 26 Implications for laboratory tests 27 Larjava_ftoc.indd v arjava_ftoc.indd v 2/14/2012 5:31:55 PM /14/2012 5:31:55 PM
vi Contents Pre-surgical evaluation to prevent bleeding problems 27 Medical history 27 Diet and herbal supplements 29 Clinical examination 29 Presurgical planning 30 Control of intra-operative/primary bleeding 30 Post-operative/secondary bleeding 31 Conclusions 32 References 32 3 Inflammation and Wound Healing 39 Anna Turabelidze and Luisa Ann DiPietro Introduction 39 The innate immune response in wounds 39 Inflammatory cell infiltration into wounds 40 Inflammatory cell function in wounds 41 Neutrophils 41 Mast cells 42 Macrophages 43 T lymphocytes 43 Gamma delta T-cells or dentritic epidermal T-cells (DETCs) 44 Cytokines and chemokines in wounds 44 Interleukin-1 (IL-1) 45 Interleukin-6 (IL-6) 45 Interleukin-8 (IL-8 or CXCL8) 45 Tumor necrosis factor (TNF alpha) 46 Macrophage chemoattractant protein (MCP-1 or CCL2) 46 Interferon inducible protein 10 (IP-10 or CXCL10) 46 Stromal cell-derived factor (SDF-1 or CXCL12) 46 Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-b) 47 Inflammation in oral mucosal wounds 47 Inflammation in fetal wounds 48 Role of inflammation in keloids 49 Inflammation and diabetic wounds 49 Conclusions 50 References 50 4 Specialized Pro-resolving Lipid Derived Fatty Acid Mediators: Wiring the Circuitry of Effector Immune Homeostasis 57 Gabrielle Fredman and Charles N. Serhan Inflammation: the cardinal signs 57 Complete resolution and tissue homeostasis is the ideal outcome of acute inflammation 58 Lipoxins, resolvins, protectins and maresins: semper vigilantes of anti-inflammation and pro-resolution 60 Lipoxins 62 Resolvins 62 Larjava_ftoc.indd vi 2/14/2012 5:31:55 PM

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