Tiêu đề MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE.pdf ✅

MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE 77 SCAN CODE Molecular Basis of Inheritance Chapter 06 Molecular Basis of Inheritance Fig 6.1: Molecular basis of inheritance ● Molecular basis of inheritance is the study of genes, hereditary and genetic variations which explains how an offspring looks similar to its maternal or paternal features. ● Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) are the two types of nucleic acids found in living systems. ● DNA acts as the genetic material in most of the organisms. RNA though it also acts as a genetic material in some viruses, mostly functions as a messenger. ● RNA has additional roles as well. It functions as an adapter, structural, and in some cases as a catalytic molecule. ● In this chapter we are going to discuss the structure of DNA, its replication, the process of making RNA from DNA (transcription), the genetic code that determines the sequences of amino acids in proteins, the process of protein synthesis (translation) and the elementary basis of their regulation. ● The determination of the complete nucleotide sequence of the human genome during the last decade has set in a new era of genomics.