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PRACTICE TESTS ON ENGLISH PHONETICS AND PHONOLOGY (1) I. TRUE/ FALSE: 1. Phonetics is the study of how speech sounds in a language are produced, transmitted and perceived. 2. All vowels are either voiceless or voiced. 3. The rise could be said to give an impression of finality. 4. When the air moves through the oral cavity, bi-labial sounds /p/, /b/, /m/ appear. 5. Acoustic phonetics studies the perception of speech sounds. 6. A vowel is a sound in the production of which there is a complete closure in the vocal tract. 7. The most important thing to remember about all the diphthongs is that the first part is much longer and stronger than the second part. 8. Speech sounds are divided into pure vowels and diphthongs. 9. Falling tone conveys an impression that something more is to follow. 10. Stress is defined as the prominence given to certain syllable in a word or to certain words by the use of greater breath force. 11. The tongue is a passive articulator. 12. When we say a consonant is plosive, nasal, lateral, or affricative, we are classifying it according to the manner of its articulation. 13. An allophone is a smallest unit of sound in a language that can distinguish one word from another. 14. The complete internal structure of a syllable is: ONSET (consonant) + NUCLEUS (consonant) + CODA (vowel). 15. Vowels can be classified into long and short vowels according to the height to which a part of the tongue is raised. 16. The affixes -ese, -eer, and –ee carry the primary stress in a word. 17. Centring diphthongs are those which end in /i/. 18. Nasal, oral and pharyngeal cavities function as the principal resonators. 19. Phonology studies all the speech sounds and the ways in which they are produced. 20. Allophonic/phonetic transcription is based on the principle "one symbol per phoneme". 21. The term accent is often used to refer to a particular way of pronunciation. 22. All consonants are syllabic sounds. 23. Distictive features are particular characteristics distinguishing one distinctive unit of sound in a language from another. 24. Ordinarily is a word consisting of two syllables. 25. When we add the suffix –ful to an English word such as careful, the word-stress will fall on the suffix –ful. 26. Assimilation is the deletion of a vowel in casual speech. 27. Sentence stress is greater prominence with which one or more words in a sentence are pronounced as compared with other words of the same sentence.
28. Intonation can be used to serve the grammatical function. 29. Assimilation is called regressive when the sound that comes first affects the sound that comes after it. 30. Lexical words are usually not stressed in speech. 1. Phonetics is the study of the distinctive units of sound in a language. 2. Phonology studies the way in which speech sounds form systems and patterns in human language. 3. Articulatory phonetics is the study of the way in which speech sounds are produced by the organs of speech. 4. Vowels are generally not syllabic. 5. The most usual source of energy for our vocal activities is produced by an airstream expelled from the nasal cavity. 6. Diphthongs can be classified into open and closed. 7. According to the height of the raised part of the tongue, thể are open, mid-open and closed vowels. 8. According to the lip shapes, vowels can be rounded, neutral or spread. 9. Diphthongs ending in /I/ are centring. 10. /g/, /l/, /s/ are velars according to the place of articulation. 11. A nasal is a sound in the production of which all the air from the lungs escapes down the nose and through the mouth. 12. According to the mentalist view, the phoneme is regarded as an ideal sound at which the speaker aims. 13. GA is standard British English pronunciation. 14. Segmental phonemes in English include vowels and consonants. 15. The syllable may be defined as one or more specch sounds forming a single uninterrupted unit of utterance which may be a whole word, or part of it. 16. The syllable structure of young is C-V-C. 17. A syllable which ends in a consonant is called an open syllable. 18. National is a word of two syllables. 19. Word stress is the prominence given to a certain syllable in a word by the use of greater breath force. 20. These affixes –able, -en and –less receive the primary stress in a word. 21. When we add the suffix –eer to an English word such as mountain, the word stress will fall on the suffix –eer. 22. In British English, insult (v) and insult (n) have the same stress placement. 23. A phoneme can have several different physical forms or allophones. 24. Accomodation occurs when the articulation of a vowel is modified under the influence of an adjacent consonat, or vice versa. 25. Assimilation is called progressive when the sound that comes first is affected by the sound that comes after it. 26. Linking takes place when a sound is pronounced in its weak form. 27. Words which serve to express certain grammatical relations in the sentence are either stressed or unstressed. 28. The Rise conveys an impression of finality and definiteness.
29. Rhythm can be defined as the tendency to pronounce stressed syllables in a sentence at more or less equal intervals of time. 30. Funtion words are normally stressed in communication. 1. Phonetics is the study of human speech sounds. 2. The tongue is a passive articulator. 3. Auditory phonetics studies the speech waves. 4. A vowel is a sound in the production of which there is a complete closure in the vocal tract. 5. The most important parts of the tongue for producing vowel sounds are front, central and back. 6. The main divisions of the roof of the mouth are dental, alveolar, hard palate and soft palate 7. Phonology studies the phonemic system of a language. 8. The phoneme is a distinctive unit of sounds in a language. 9. The scopes of suprasegmentals are: a- word stress, b- sentence stress, c- intonation. 10. The allophones of a phoneme are any different forms of that phoneme. 11. Transcription is the use of symbols to show sounds or sound sequences in written form. 12. The full internal structure of a syllable consists of onset and coda. 13. What happens to a sound when it is influenced by one of its neighbouring sounds is called linking. 14. Under certain circumstances sounds disappear. This phenomenon is called elision. 15. Intonation is a combination of a- speech melody, b- sentence stress, c- tempo, and d- timbre. 1. Phonetics is the study of how speech sounds in a language are produced, transmitted and perceived. 2. All vowels are either voiceless or voiced. 3. When the air moves through the oral cavity, bi-labial sounds /p/, /b/, /m/ appear. 4. The glottis is the space between the velum and the back of the tongue. 5. A vowel is a sound in the production of which there is little closure in the vocal tract. 6. Auditory phonetics studies the articulators, the places of articulation where the air moves through. 7. The most important thing to remember about all the diphthongs is that the first part is much longer and stronger than the second part. 8. We can classify vowels into rounded, unrounded and neutral vowels according to the shapes of the lips. 9. Speech sounds are divided into pure vowels and diphthongs. 10. When a voiced sound is articulated, the vocal cords vibrate. 11. Articulatory phonetics is the study that deals with the production of human speech sounds. 12. The velum/soft palate is a passive articulator. 13. When we say a consonant is plosive, nasal, lateral, or affricative, we are classifying it according to the manners of its articulation.
14. An allophone is a smallest unit of sound in a language that can distinguish one word from another. 15. Vowels can be classified into long and short vowels according to the height to which a part of the tongue is raised. 1. Articulatory phonetics studies the ways in which speech sounds are transmitted. 2. A vowel is a sound in the production of which there is no or relatively little obstruction in the vocal tract. 3. The most important parts of the tongue for producing vowel sounds are front, central and back. 4. The lip shape is important in producing either high or low vowels. 5. The main division of the roof of the mouth is lip, alveolar, hard palate and uvula. 6. Phonology studies how speech sounds are produced, transmitted and perceived. 7. The phoneme is a minimal, distinctive unit of sounds in a language. 8. The scopes of segmentals are: a- word stress, b- sentence stress, c- intonation. 9. The allophones of a phoneme are phonetic variants of that phoneme. 10. Phonetic phonemic transcription is based on the principle “one symbol per phoneme”. 11. Speech sounds are divided into pure vowels and consonants. 12. The full internal structure of a syllable consists of onset and rhyme. 13. What happens to a sound when it is influenced by one of its neighbouring sounds is called linking. 14. Under certain circumstances sounds disappear. This phenomenon is called intonation. 15. Lexical words are normally stressed in communication. 1. Phonetics is the study of how speech sounds in a language are produced, transmitted and perceived. 2. When the air moves through the nasal cavity, the following sounds /p/, /b/, /m/, /n/ appear. 3. There are three stages in the speech chain: psychological, physiological and physical. 4. The pharynx is situated in the wind pipe. 5. Auditory phonetics studies the articulators, the places of articulation where the air moves through. 6. The most important thing to remember about all the diphthongs is that the second part is much longer and stronger than the first part. 7. We can classify consonants according to either the positions of articulation or the manners of articulation. 8. A speech sound is a physical event with three aspects: physiological, acoustic and auditory. 9. When a voiceless sound is articulated, the vocal cords vibrate. 10. The air stream expelled from the lungs is the most usual source of energy for our vocal activities. 11. Nasal, oral and pharyngeal cavities function as the principal resonators. 12. Allophonic transcription is based on the principle "one symbol per phoneme". 13.The complete internal structure of a syllable is: ONSET (consonant) + NUCLEUS (consonant) + CODA (vowel).