Tiêu đề 3 Reproductive Health - Complete Questions n Answers - Topic wise.pdf ✅

© www.bankofbiology.com All rights reserved. 03 Odd one: LNG-20. It is hormone releasing IUD. Others are Cu releasing IUD. 19. One among the contraceptive method is peculiar. Find the odd one. What is common among others? a. Periodic abstinence b. Coitus interruptus c. Lactational amenorrhea d. IUDs (Score: 1)  Answer IUDs. Others are natural/traditional methods of contraception. 20. IUDs are effective birth control measures, but lactational amenorrhea may not be so effective. (Score: 2) (a) Which part of the female reproductive organ is utilized for the IUD procedure? How this procedure prevents pregnancy? (1) (b) Why the lactational amenorrhea is not so effective? (1)  Answer (a) Uterus. IUDs increase phagocytosis of sperms, retard motility and fertilizing capacity of sperms. Some IUDs make the uterus unsuitable for implantation and the cervix hostile to the sperms. (b) This is effective only up to 6 months following parturition. Chances of failure are high. 21. (a) What is meant by oral contraceptives? (b) Explain how these should be used. (c) Mention their action.  Answer (a) Oral contraceptives are some tablets (pills) taken by mouth to prevent pregnancy. They contain progestogens or progestogen-oestrogen combinations. (b) Pills are taken daily for 21 days starting within the first five days of menstrual cycle. After a 7-day gap (menstruation period), it should be repeated in same pattern till the female desires to prevent conception. (c) They inhibit ovulation & implantation and thicken cervical mucus to prevent entry of sperms. 22. (a) Name a new contraceptive pill developed by Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI, Lucknow). (b) What are the advantages of this pill? (Score: 2)  Answer (a) Saheli. (b) ● It contains a non-steroidal preparation. ● It is a ‘once a week’ pill. ● Very few side effects. ● High contraceptive value. 23. (a) Identify the picture given below. (b) Compare their ingredients and action with a contraceptive pill. (Score: 2)  Answer (a) Implants. (b) They contain Progestogens or Progestogens- oestrogen combination as in a contraceptive pill. So their mode of action is like that of pills but effective periods are much longer. 24. (a) Give examples for emergency contraceptives. (b) How soon after intercourse should they be used? (c) Mention their advantages. (Score: 2)  Answer (a) Progestogens or progestogen-oestrogen combinations & IUDs. (b) Within 72 hours of coitus. (c) It avoids pregnancy due to rape or casual intercourse. 25. Categorize the given birth control methods into three groups with proper heads. (Score: 3) Cervical caps, Vasectomy, CuT, Tubectomy, Diaphragms, Condoms, Lippes loop  Answer Barriers Surgical methods IUDs Cervical caps Vasectomy CuT Diaphragms Tubectomy Lippes loop Condoms 26. Diagram shown below are two surgical methods used for sterilization. Identify them. (Score: 2)  Answer A= Vasectomy (sterilization in male) B= Tubectomy (sterilization in female) 27. Vasectomy and tubectomy are two types of Surgical sterilization procedures in male and female. (a) Briefly explain these procedures. (b) Mention their advantage and disadvantage.  Answer (a) Vasectomy: In this, a small part of the vas deferens is removed or tied up through a small
© www.bankofbiology.com All rights reserved. 04 incision on the scrotum. Tubectomy: In this, a small part of the fallopian tube is removed or tied up through a small incision in abdomen or through vagina. (b) Advantage: It is very effective. Disadvantage: Reversibility is very poor. 28. What are the side effects of anti-natural contraceptives? (Score: 2)  Answer Nausea, abdominal pain, breakthrough bleeding, irregular menstrual bleeding, breast cancer etc. MEDICAL TERMINATION OF PREGNANCY (MTP) 29. Government of India legalised MTP in 1971 with some strict conditions to check illegal female foeticides. Justify this legalisation of MTP. OR “Female foeticide is very high in India. So MTP must be completely banned”. Do you agree with this statement? Why? (Score: 2)  Answer No. In some cases, MTP may be essential. E.g., (a) To avoid unwanted pregnancies due to casual sex or failure of the contraceptive used during coitus or rapes. (b) It is essential in cases where continuation of pregnancy could be harmful to the mother or foetus or both. 30. There are some problems regarding MTPs. Mention any two. (Score: 2)  Answer (a) Most of the MTPs are performed illegally. (b) Misuse of amniocentesis test for foetal sex determination. If the foetus is female, it is followed by MTP. This is dangerous for the young mother and foetus. 31. Amniocentesis for sex determination is banned in our country. (Score: 3) (a) What is amniocentesis? (b) Is this ban necessary? Why? (c) Comment on use of amniocentesis.  Answer (a) It is the procedure in which some amniotic fluid of the foetus is taken to analyse the foetal cells & dissolved substances. (b) Yes. It is necessary to prevent illegal female foeticide. (c) Amniocentesis can be used to find out genetic disorders, survivability of the foetus etc. 32. One couple came to know that they have a girl child during 4th month of pregnancy and they decide to do MTP. (Score: 3) (a) Expand and define MTP. (11⁄2) (b)At which stage of pregnancy is MTP relatively safe? (1⁄2) (c) How will you respond to the decision of female foeticide by the couple? (1)  Answer a. Medical Termination of Pregnancy. It is the intentional termination of pregnancy (induced abortion) before full term. b. During the first trimester. c. It is a bad decision due to 2 reasons- • Female feticide is illegal and cruel. • Second trimester MTP is dangerous. SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS (STIs) 33. (a) Expand and define STI/STD. (b) Give 3 examples for STDs that are not completely curable. (Score: 3)  Answer (a) Diseases or infections transmitted through sexual intercourse are called Sexually transmitted infections / diseases (STIs or STDs). (b) Hepatitis-B, genital herpes & HIV. 34. Sexually transmitted diseases are also called .............  Answer Venereal diseases (VD) or Reproductive tract infections (RTI). 35. Given below are some STIs. Gonorrhoea, syphilis, hepatitis-B, genital herpes, chlamydiasis, genital warts, trichomoniasis, HIV leading to AIDS. Among these, two disorders are also transmitted by other means. Select them. Also, explain any two means of transmission. (Score: 2)  Answer Hepatitis-B & HIV. They are also transmitted • By sharing of injection needles, surgical tools etc. • By transfusion of blood. • From infected mother to foetus. 36. Which of the following pairs of STIs is completely curable? (Score: 1)