Tiêu đề [COMPILED] Pedia Learning Module AY 2024 - 2025.pdf ✅

1 Full Residential Track Pediatric Clinic Rotation Learning Module SUMMARY OF BLY
SUMMARY OF BLY PEDIATRIC LEARNING MODULE 2 This material is a property of UP PGH Department of Rehabilitation Medicine - Division of Physical Therapy. Please obtain permission prior to use for other purposes. OUTLINE I. THE NEONATE: BIRTH TO TEN DAYS II. THE FIRST MONTH III. THE SECOND MONTH IV. THE THIRD MONTH V. THE FOURTH MONTH VI. THE FIFTH MONTH VII. THE SIXTH MONTH VIII. THE SEVENTH MONTH IX. THE EIGHTH MONTH X. THE NINTH MONTH XI. THE TENTH MONTH XII. THE ELEVENTH MONTH XIII. THE TWELFTH MONTH ● Full-term newborn has 38 to 40 weeks of fetal development. ● Posture is flexion dominated; elbows, hip, knees and ankles have a strong flexor tone. o Flexion tone are reduced once extensor muscle control develops ● Neonates are not interested in toys but will attend to black and white contrasting patterns. THE NEONATE: BIRTH TO TEN DAYS
SUMMARY OF BLY PEDIATRIC LEARNING MODULE 3 This material is a property of UP PGH Department of Rehabilitation Medicine - Division of Physical Therapy. Please obtain permission prior to use for other purposes. ● Enjoys tactile and vestibular stimulation such as rocking,cradling or tummy time. ● Interested mainly in eating and being held, cuddled and talked to, during this time neonates develop trust in their caregivers. o When in supine, neonate assumes a flexion posture, usually kicking vigorously with rhythmical and reciprocal patterns. • HEAD: o Positioned slightly rotated due to round shape and lack of muscle control to keep it midline. o Active head turning ⇒ roll to the side due to neck righting reaction o Kinesiological reason: At this age, the neck is not dissociated from the trunk and spinal rotational mobility is limited, therefore head rotation causes immediate concurrent rotation of the cervical vertebrae and whole trunk. o Note: ▪ Neck righting reaction does not occur spontaneously in babies with low muscle tone or ligament laxity, however, it can be elicited in test situations. ▪ Rooting is one of the first stimuli for head turning. ▪ Babies that do not and cannot demonstrate this reflex response in all directions must be watched. SUPINE
SUMMARY OF BLY PEDIATRIC LEARNING MODULE 4 This material is a property of UP PGH Department of Rehabilitation Medicine - Division of Physical Therapy. Please obtain permission prior to use for other purposes. ● VISION: o Baby can easily be visually oriented in supine position with head supported o Can fixate and track objects briefly; especially with an object moving vertically and laterally. o Can see objects with strong contrast 8” to 9” away, preferring black and white patterns over colors. ● UPPER EXTREMITY: ○ Quiet Period - neonate UE are in slight shoulder adduction and ER, elbow flexion, and forearm pronation ○ Strong Oral state - neonates observe a hand-to-mouth reaction which stimulates flexion of the upper extremity on the side to which the mouth is oriented, in supine and prone. ○ Due to visual fixation and capabilities to do random movements, neonates start and develop their “eye-hand coordination” . ■ Position: Elbow, wrist, and finger movements of flexion and semi extension but rarely is full elbow extension or full shoulder ER can be seen. ○ (+) Palmar grasp reflex ● LOWER EXTREMITY: ○ Hips in FAbER; knees in flexion and Ankle in DF. ○ LE are in physiological flexor tone - passive extension of hips, knees and ankle has resistance and recoil. ○ Active period - legs kicking vigorously with rhythmical and reciprocal patterns. ○ Skeletal characteristics: Medial femoral torsion, femoral anteversion, femoral bowing, femoral coxa valga, and shallow acetabulum, Genu varum, Tibia varum et torsion, Calcaneal varus, Forefoot varus, (occasional) Metatarsus adductus