Tiêu đề PB1 - NP 2 - STUDENT COPY ✅

2 | Page D. Frequent urination 12. How do you document a patient who had two previous pregnancies, has given birth to two term children, had one miscarriage at 12 weeks, and is again pregnant at 10 weeks? A. Gravida 3, Para 2 B. Gravida 4, Para 2 C. Gravida 3, Para 3 D. Gravida 4, Para 3 13. During the physical examination, she observed to have (+) swollen optic disk identified on ophthalmoscopic examination, as well as seeing (+) spots before their eyes. Which of the following is the primary nursing action? A. Refer the patient to an ophthalmologist for further investigation B. Measure patient’s blood pressure and report to her attending physician C. Administer oxygen support while waiting for the physician. D. Ask the mother whether she experiences chloasma. 14. One of the pregnant patients also reported visual changes of blurry vision and dry eyes, however, upon further assessment, all parameters are evaluated to be normal. During the interview, you learned that she is works as an IT employee with long hours of computer screen time. Which of the following would be best to advise the patient? A. Ask her employer about possible bedrest for 3 to 5 days for monitoring. B. Instruct patient to have plenty of fruits and vegetables, whole grain, and low-fat dairy to avoid hypertension C. Take a break every hour to not confuse sensations of eyestrain with actual pregnancy danger signs. D. Refer to an ophthalmologist to assure the patient. 15. Which of the following will you include in teaching the preparations necessary and what to expect for an abdominal ultrasound for patients on their first trimester? A. Routine NPO for 8 to 12 hours before the exam B. The patient can have medicine for pain for any contractions caused by the test C. Place a towel under her left buttock to tip her body slightly during the procedure. D. Drink a full glass of water every 15 minutes beginning 90 minutes before the procedure and not void until after the ultrasound. Situation: One of the nursing roles in preparing families for childbearing and childrearing includes topics about the reproductive system, menstruation, and contraception. 16. Breast examinations should be routinely by women. Which of the following is considered untrue? A. Breast tissues of women extend well into the axilla. B. Women using combined oral contraceptives should return every two years for pelvic examination, Pap smear, and breast examinations, as long as they continue this type of contraceptive C. Including the axilla during the breast examination is necessary to ensure completeness of the exam. D. Breast self-examinations alone are no longer routinely recommended. 17. The length of the average menstrual flow is usually 4 to 6 days, which of the following correctly states which initiates the menstrual cycle? A. Release of GnRH by hypothalamus B. Increase in estrogen levels C. Absorption of FSH D. Decrease in progesterone levels 18. In symptothermal method of birth control, the client takes her temperature daily, analyzes her cervical mucus and observes for other signs of ovulation. Which of the following accurately describes midcycle abdominal pain? A. Dull and consistent pain felt on the lower side of the abdomen. B. Sharp cramps felt on one side of the abdomen. C. Sharp pain felt on one abdominal side accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and abdominal guarding. D. Mittelschmertz pain cannot be relieved by pain relievers. 19. You are making a nursing care plan for an adolescent whose chief complaint is dysmenorrhea. Which of the following should not be included in your client teaching? A. Resting and effleurage may provide relief from dysmenorrhea. B. Trying non-pharmacologic interventions such as yoga and exercise, as tolerated by the client. C. Decrease sodium intake a few days before the expected menstrual flow. D. Application of heat to the abdomen for abdominal pain of young girls before expected menstrual flow. 20. In explaining oral contraceptives to a group of clients, which of the following statements made by the student nurse will require further teaching? A. If you think you might be pregnant, take one active pill for the day then consult your healthcare provider. B. If you forget to take one of the active pills, take it as soon as you remember. Then, continue the following day with your usual schedule. C. If you miss two consecutive active pills, take two pills as soon as you remember and two pills again the following day. D. If you miss three or more pills in a row, throw out the rest of the pack and start a new pack of pills. Situation: You are a community health nurse working with the local healthcare team. 21. Since breast tumors are considered major type of neoplasm, women become suspicious of lumps felt in the breast area. One of your breastfeeding clients came to you with complaints of feeling a lump in one of her breasts. Which of the following will you respond with? A. It’s okay to be paranoid but don’t worry so much about it, this is expected for breastfeeding clients. B. Let’s refer you to your attending oncologist for further investigation. C. This may be a distended gland from breastfeeding which persists not more than two breast feedings. D. We’ll get you an ultrasound request from the physician. 22. In teaching the clients about breast self-examination, what type of prevention does BSE technique employ? A. Primary B. Secondary C. Tertiary D. Prevention 23. In teaching BSE, when is the most appropriate time for the technique to be done? A. Anytime since lumps can appear suddenly. B. 3 days before expected menstrual flow. C. During taking a bath for complete inspection D. 3 to 5 days after menstruation 24. According to the cancer society, what is the recommended age for women to be taught with breast self-examination? A. 16 years old B. 20 years old C. 30 years old D. 40 years old 25. In breastfeeding mothers, profuse blood supply to the breast is beneficial for bringing nutrients to the milk glands. Which of the following is considered as a disadvantage of this mechanism? A. Decreased risks of developing breast tumors. B. Possible blockages at the internal mammary, and intercostal arteries. C. Aids in metastasis of breast cancer if undiagnosed. D. None of the above. Situation: You are the assigned nurse for a patient to be scheduled for mastectomy. As the primary nurse, you are expected to care for her before and after surgery. 26. Before the mastectomy operation is done, which of the following is most important to be secured or acquired?

4 | Page D. Yes, for only a few months, due to advancement of technology in medicine. 42. One of the infants were observed to have (+) dimpling, abnormal tufts of hair at the lower part of his back. You know that this condition is caused by which of the following? A. It occurs when the upper end of the neural tube fails to close in early intrauterine life. B. It occurs when the spinal cord and the meninges protrude through the vertebrae that affects the motor and sensory function. C. It occurs when the posterior laminae of the vertebrae fail to fuse. D. It occurs when the meninges covering the spinal cord herniates through unformed vertebrae. 43. Before the surgery for the myelomeningocele, proper positioning is essential to avoid drying and pressure on the exposed membrane. Sterile gloves and sterile linens are used when caring for the patient and positioned correctly. Which of the following is the correct preoperative positioning of the patient? A. Supine position, with a rolled sterile linen adjacent to the exposed membrane to tilt the body. B. Side-lying position, with rolled blanket in front of the patient C. Side-lying, with rolled blanket behind their back above the disorder and another rolled blanker below the disorder. D. Comfort of the patient is more important, position the patient however they want. 44. You notice a seepage of clear fluid from the defect, which of the following will confirm that the fluid is CSF leakage? A. Check for evidence of glucose B. Check for smell and appearance C. Check for evidence of protein D. Report to physician 45. Even after the surgery and management of neural tube disorders, impaired bladder elimination is likely to be observed depending on the affected level of the defect. One of your interventions include strengthening the parents’ confidence and understanding of clean intermittent catheterization for the patient. Which of the following will require additional teaching when said or done by the patient? A. Always use sterile equipment and catheterize at least every 4 hours. B. Wash around your child’s urinary meatus with a clean washcloth or paper towel and warm, soapy water. C. Coat the tip of a clean catheter with water-soluble lubricant. D. To reuse the catheter, clean it with soap and water, rinse with clear water. Situation: You encounter different ages of pediatric patients in the outpatient clinic you are working for. To understand your patients better, you review on different theoretical foundations of development. 46. In psychosocial development by Freud, which of the following is true about ages 1 to 3 years old? A. Preferred method of oral gratification affects the child’s personality development B. The climate surrounding toilet training can have lasting effects on children's personalities. C. The genitalia become an interesting and sensitive area of the body. D. Centers around the controversial issues of the Oedipus and Electra complexes. 47. According to Erikson’s psychosocial development, what age group does a child develop a conscience in which they are no longer guided only by the outsiders, but they have an inner voice that warns? A. 6 to 12 years old B. 1 to 3 years old C. 3 to 6 years old D. 12 to 18 years old 48. According to Piaget’s cognitive development, 5-year-old Emma now thinks that all women who has big bellies are pregnant after she asked her mother why her Aunt Hera has a big belly. The mother responded that her Aunt Hera has a baby inside of her belly. Which of the following reflects this kind of reasoning? A. Transductive B. Intuitive C. Inductive D. Egocentric 49. According to Kohlberg, how does an individual reach the most advanced level of moral development? A. When correct behavior is defined in terms of general individual rights and standards that have been examined and agreed on by the entire society. B. When behavior meets with approval and pleases or helps others and is considered good. C. When one in which self-chosen ethical principles guide decisions of conscience. D. There is no “most advanced level” of moral development since it is ever-evolving and abstract. 50. Which of the following correctly describes self-concept? A. Refers to a personal, subjective judgment of one's worthiness derived from and influenced by the social groups in the immediate environment B. Refers to value that an individual places on oneself and refers to an overall evaluation of oneself C. Refers to the subjective concepts and attitudes that individuals have toward their own bodies. D. Includes all of the notions, beliefs, and convictions that constitute an individual's self-knowledge Situation: Children who are admitted to hospitalization are susceptible to stressors because of the presence of change and the limited coping mechanisms to resolve the stressors. 51. When a child experiences separation anxiety, which of the following is the introductory stage observed in the child? A. Stage of protest B. Stage of despair C. Stage of detachment D. Stage of denial 52. During the following days of hospitalization, you notice that your patient appears to have finally adjusted to being in the hospital. She appears to form new relationships with the hospital staff, becomes more interested in the surroundings, and plays with others. She becomes more withdrawn when the parents are around. Which of the following will you advise the parents? A. Parents to stay for short but intimate periods with the patient. B. Scold the child for the negative behavior C. Increase interaction of the hospital staff that the patient has already formed new relationships with D. Explain to the parents about the stage of detachment, encourage parent-child interaction 53. For non-critical admitted pediatric patients, how can you best minimize disruption in the child’s routine? A. Write down a daily schedule in collaboration with the patient, parent, and the nurse. B. Preserve parent-child interaction at all times. C. Do not limit the number of times a parent can visit the child. D. Keep the child in cribs or play yards. 54. How can you best reassure a preschool child after blood extraction? A. Explain to the child about how bleeding would stop after needle is removed and applied pressure. B. Draw how the bleeding stops after the needle is removed. C. Let the parent remove the needle instead. D. Apply a band-aid to the site of removal. 55. Which of the following will you not include in educating the parents about supporting siblings of the patients during hospitalization? A. Trade off staying at the hospital with spouse or have a surrogate who knows the siblings well stay in the home. B. Withheld information about the child's condition to young siblings to not scare them.