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1 TẬP HUẤN XÂY DỰNG CÂU HỎI THI TỐT NGHIỆP THPT TỪ 2025 MÔN TIẾNG ANH CÁC VÍ DỤ MINH HỌA VÀ MA TRẬN NỘI DUNG, NĂNG LỰC VÀ CẤP ĐỘ TƯ DUY CỦA CÁC VÍ DỤ MINH HỌA CÁC VÍ DỤ MINH HỌA Ví dụ 1. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 5. A stinky gym bug in your kitchen? Who will be more upset by the smell - the men or the women in your family? (1) ______ scientists suggest that women not only smell, but feel, taste, and hear more accurately than men. Take colors, for example. One study suggests that men are not as good as women at distinguishing between (2) ______ of color, although they focus well on rapidly changing images. As for touch, small fingers have a finer sense of touch, whether male or female. Hearing is possibly one of the most debated areas, when talking about the senses. Evidence shows that boys hear as well as girls at birth, but with age, a man’s hearing may soon deteriorate. However, (3) ______ factors could play a role in this. Women may also be better at identifying different flavors (4) ______ need both taste and smell to experience, as studies have shown that they have more taste buds on their tongue. Going back to the smelly gym bag - yes, it’s likely that Mom will be the most (5) ______ out by it. But is that because women’s brains have more ‘smell cells’ or because you were too lazy to move it? (203 words ) (Adapted from “Complete Advanced” by Laura Mathews and Barbara Thomas) 1.1. A. Each B. Some C. Another D. Every 1.2. A. smells B. senses C. shadows D. shades 1.3. A. environmentalist B. environment C. environmental D. environmentally 1.4. A. who B. which C. where D. whom 1.5. A. taken B. sprung C. mazed D. freaked   Ví dụ 2. Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 5. Wildlife conservation, (1) _____, often receives insufficient attention regarding research into its effectiveness and impacts, both positive and negative. One innovative approach in wildlife conservation involves establishing protected areas. The introduction of protected areas and habitat restoration efforts have shown promising results in preserving endangered species and their ecosystems. Conservation efforts have also been integrated into sustainable development projects and ecotourism initiatives, aiming to balance human needs with wildlife protection. (2) ______, traditional conservation methods have focused on preserving species within designated reserves. However, these efforts sometimes neglect the connectivity and corridors crucial for species migration and adaptation in response to climate change. There is a lack of (3) ______ and no comprehensive studies on their long-term ecological impacts. Questions remain about the effectiveness of captive breeding programs versus habitat restoration in restoring populations of endangered species. Further research should explore various conservation strategies, including the role of (4) ______ and the impacts of climate change on wildlife habitats. Comparative studies between different conservation
2 approaches are also necessary to understand which methods are most effective in different ecological contexts. Overall, while wildlife conservation efforts have made significant strides, there is still limited evidence on the (5) _______ of current practices. Challenges such as habitat fragmentation and illegal wildlife trade persist, necessitating ongoing research and adaptive management strategies. (235 words) (Adapted from various sources on wildlife conservation) 2.1. A. that is crucial for maintaining biodiversity B. which is crucial for maintaining biodiversity C. be crucial for maintaining biodiversity D. being crucial for maintaining biodiversity 2.2. A. Despite their limitations B. Given their widespread success C. Due to their recent introduction D. Because of their ecological impact 2.3. A. understanding of conservation ethics B. awareness of wildlife habitats C. appreciation for biodiversity hotspots D. monitoring of conservation practices 2.4. A. promoting urban expansion B. international wildlife trade C. community engagement D. reducing protected areas 2.5. A. long-term sustainability B. profitability for conservation NGOs C. immediate economic benefits D. effectiveness of captive breeding Ví dụ 3. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 7. Many people see large urban cities as a wonder of human imagination and creativity. They represent how far the human population has come in terms of community development. Despite its positive things, there are also negatives from urbanization on the physical health of humans living. As it would be expected, developing countries tend to see more negative physical health effects than modern countries in regard to urbanization. One example of a developing country experiencing these problems is China. China is a country that in the past 30-40 years went from being an agrarian based society to a significant industrialized country. This industrialization has in effect caused the need for more centralized cities, centralized meaning having lots of jobs and living spaces within a close proximity. One very common and fairly obvious negative aspect of highly congested urban areas is air pollution. It could include particulate matter, most commonly attributed to industrial plants and refineries waste, or chemicals like CO2 or Methane. Due to a vast number of people in these urbanized cities, the air pollution is known to be very extreme. These conditions can lead to many different health problems such as: Asthma, cardiovascular problems or disease. When exposed to these conditions for a prolonged period of time, one can experience even more detrimental health effects like: the acceleration of aging, loss of lung capacity and health, being more susceptible to respiratory diseases, and a shortened life span. Another way that urbanization affects the populations’ health is people’s change in diet. For instance, urban cities tend to have lots of accessible, quick, and easy to get food. This food is also more than likely not as high quality as well as contains a large amount of sodium and sugar. Because this food is so accessible, people tend to eat it more. This increase in consumption of low-quality food can then lead to diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, obesity, or many other health conditions. (322 words) (Adapted from https://medium.com) 3.1. Which of the following could be served as the best title for the passage? A. Urban cities - The new opportunity for community development B. Urbanization - Pros and cons C. Urbanization - How people’s health is impacted? D. Developing countries - The fastest urbanization 3.2. The word “agrarian” in paragraph 2 mostly means ______. A. farming B. industry C. city D. modernizing 3.3. The word “congested” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ______. A. fresh B. overcrowded C. sparse D. contaminated
3 3.4. The following are the air pollution sources mentioned in paragraph 3, EXCEPT ______. A. industrial plants B. sewage C. refineries waste D. chemicals 3.5. The word “it” in the last paragraph refers to ______? A. quality B. sugar C. food D. sodium 3.6. Why are urban populations easy to get diseases from food, according to the last paragraph? A. Because of the change in people’s diet. B. Because this food is so delicious that people have a tendency to eat more than normal. C. Because the way people get this food is rather accessible, quick and easy. D. Because of the low quality and the high proportion of sodium and sugar in this food. 3.7. What can be inferred from the passage? A. One of the negative health effects comes from the overpopulation in industrialized countries.  B. Living in urban areas for a long time will certainly make the life expectancy of inhabitants shorten. C. People in developed countries suffer less harmful health effects from urbanization than those in developing nations. D. The bad health effects from urbanization are not greater than the benefits it brings to people in urban cities. Ví dụ 4. Read the following passage and mark the answer A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Living a healthy lifestyle is crucial in modern society, encompassing habits that promote physical, mental, and emotional well-being. Such a lifestyle includes regular exercise, balanced nutrition, adequate sleep, and managing stress effectively. Individuals strive for a healthy lifestyle to enhance longevity, improve quality of life, and prevent chronic diseases. The foundation of a healthy lifestyle rests on daily habits. These can range from engaging in physical activities such as jogging or yoga to consuming a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and lean proteins. Moreover, mental health plays a significant role, with practices like mindfulness or meditation fostering emotional stability and resilience. The benefits of maintaining a healthy lifestyle are manifold. Regular exercise not only strengthens the cardiovascular system but also boosts mood through the release of endorphins. Similarly, a nutrient-rich diet supports immune function and overall vitality. By prioritizing sleep and stress management, individuals enhance cognitive function and reduce the risk of burnout. Despite its advantages, adopting a healthy lifestyle presents challenges. Time constraints, sedentary work environments, and easy access to processed foods can hinder efforts toward healthy living. Additionally, unrealistic expectations or extreme dietary trends may lead to frustration or disordered eating patterns. To sustain a healthy lifestyle effectively, it is essential to cultivate habits gradually and adapt them to personal preferences and constraints. A balanced approach that emphasizes enjoyment of physical activities and wholesome foods promotes long-term adherence and optimal well-being. (234 words) (Adapted from Journal of Health and Wellness) 4.1. Which of the following best summarizes in paragraph 1? A. A healthy lifestyle involves physical exercise, balanced nutrition, and emotional well-being for longevity and disease prevention. B. The benefits of a healthy lifestyle are manifold, including improved mood and cognitive function. C. Modern society values a healthy lifestyle, emphasizing daily habits like exercise and stress management. D. Daily habits like exercise and balanced nutrition are crucial for a healthy lifestyle and disease prevention. 4.2. To which of the following is the sentence: “The foundation of a healthy lifestyle rests on daily habits” in paragraph 2 closest in meaning? A. A healthy lifestyle is built upon daily routines that include exercise and balanced nutrition. B. The basis of a healthy lifestyle is found in daily habits like exercise and nutrition. C. Daily routines such as exercise and nutrition form the cornerstone of a healthy lifestyle. D. A healthy lifestyle is established through daily habits like exercise and a balanced diet.
4 4.3. To which of the following is the sentence: “Despite its advantages, adopting a healthy lifestyle presents challenges” in paragraph 3 closest in meaning? A. Although a healthy lifestyle offers benefits, it comes with its share of challenges. B. Despite its advantages, maintaining a healthy lifestyle can be challenging. C. While beneficial, a healthy lifestyle poses some difficulties. D. Though advantageous, adopting a healthy lifestyle is not without challenges. 4.4. To which of the following is the sentence: “To sustain a healthy lifestyle effectively, it is essential to cultivate habits gradually” in paragraph 4 closest in meaning? A. A gradual approach to developing habits is essential for maintaining a healthy lifestyle. B. It's important to develop habits slowly to sustain a healthy lifestyle effectively. C. Sustaining a healthy lifestyle requires gradually developing habits. D. Developing habits gradually is crucial for sustaining a healthy lifestyle effectively. 4.5. Which of the following best summarizes in paragraph 2? A. Exercise and nutrition are essential for maintaining a healthy lifestyle. B. A balanced approach to healthy living supports both physical and mental well-being. C. The benefits of regular exercise include improved mood and cardiovascular health. D. Mental health practices like mindfulness and meditation are crucial for emotional stability. MA TRẬN NỘI DUNG, NĂNG LỰC VÀ CẤP ĐỘ TƯ DUY CỦA CÁC VÍ DỤ MINH HỌA Ví dụ Năng lực đọc Chủ điểm Cấp độ tư duy Biết Hiểu Vận dụng Ví dụ 1 1.1 X (1.1) Cuộc sống và xã hội của chúng ta 1.2 X (1.1) 1.3 X (1.1) 1.4 X (1.1) 1.5 X (1.1) Ví dụ 2 2.1 X (1.1) Cuộc sống và xã hội của chúng ta 2.2 X (1.1) 2.3 X (1.1) 2.4 X (1.1) 2.5 X (1.1) Ví dụ 3 3.1 X (1.3) Cuộc sống và 3.2 X (1.3) 3.3 X (1.3)