Title TỜ SỐ 16 TEST 03 UNIT 4 URBANISATION.docx ✅

expansion of cities into surrounding rural areas, has led to deforestation and increased reliance on automobiles, contributing to air pollution and climate change. Despite these challenges, urbanization also offers numerous advantages. Cities provide better access to education, healthcare, and cultural experiences. Economic growth is often concentrated in urban areas, leading to higher wages and improved standards of living for many people. Governments and urban planners are continuously working on sustainable solutions, such as green spaces, efficient public transport systems, and smart city technologies, to ensure that urbanization remains beneficial for future generations. As the world’s population continues to grow, the future of urbanization depends on effective planning and innovative solutions. Finding a balance between development and sustainability will be crucial in shaping livable and resilient cities for the future. Question 23: The word "expanded" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ____________. A. contracted B. shrank C. increased D. narrowed Question 24: Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a challenge of urbanization? A. Overcrowding B. Traffic congestion C. Decreased job opportunities D. Pollution Question 25: The phrase "unprecedented" in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by ____________. A. unusual B. unmatched C. unbelievable D. predictable Question 26: The word "this" in paragraph 3 refers to ____________. A. technology B. global population C. urbanization D. advancement Question 27: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4? A. Economic growth tends to be concentrated in cities, leading to lower wages and a poorer quality of life for many individuals. B. Frequently found in urban areas is economic growth, resulting in increased wages and better living conditions for a large number of people. C. Economic growth, although common in parts of the world, does not always bring better living conditions for people. D. Frequently concentrated in urban areas is economic growth, causing wages to rise and improving living standards for everyone. Question 28: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. The global population living in urban areas is decreasing. B. Urban sprawl has no environmental impact. C. Many large cities struggle with problems related to housing and traffic. D. Industrialization has had no effect on urbanization. Question 29: In which paragraph does the author mention a contrasting relationship? A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 4 D. Paragraph 5 Question 30: In which paragraph does the author discuss future solutions for urbanization? A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 4 D. Paragraph 5 Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 34 to 40. THE URBAN PARADIGM OF THE FUTURE: A VISION FOR SMART, SUSTAINABLE CITIES [I] The cities of the future are conceptualized as intelligent, sustainable, and more conducive to human habitation. [II] Technological advancements will play a critical role in transforming urban environments into efficient and environmentally sustainable spaces. [III] Innovations such as the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and renewable energy sources are set to revolutionize urban living. [IV] These developments will empower cities to optimize resource management, mitigate pollution, and enhance the overall quality of life for residents, thereby making urban living more enjoyable and convenient. A pivotal characteristic of future urban landscapes will be the seamless integration of smart technologies. For instance, smart grids can enhance energy efficiency by dynamically adjusting energy supply in response to real-time demand. Furthermore, advanced transportation systems are expected to alleviate traffic congestion and improve mobility through the deployment of autonomous vehicles and sophisticated traffic management solutions. These will not only save time but also reduce carbon emissions, thereby contributing to cleaner air quality.