Title CHUỖI PHẢN ỨNG HÓA HỌC (ĐÁP ÁN).doc ✅

CHUỖI PHẢN ỨNG HÓA HỌC I. KIM LOẠI NHÓM IA 1. Sơ đồ 1 Na NaOH Na 2 CO 3 NaHCO 3 NaOH NaCl NaOH Na NaH NaOH NaCl + NaOCl Đáp số: (1): 2Na + 2H 2 O 2NaOH + H 2 (2): 2NaOH + CO 2 Na 2 CO 3 + H 2 O (3): Na 2 CO 3 + CO 2 + H 2 O 2NaHCO 3 (4): 2NaHCO 3 + Ca(OH) 2 (dư) CaCO 3 + 2NaOH + 2H 2 O (5): NaOH + HCl NaCl + H 2 O (6): 2NaCl + 2H 2 O mn đpdd, 2NaOH + Cl 2 + H 2 (7): 4NaOH đpnc 4Na + O 2 + 2H 2 O (8): 2Na + H 2 2NaH (9): NaH + H 2 O NaOH + H 2 (10): 2NaOH + Cl 2 NaCl + NaOCl + H 2 O 2. Sơ đồ 2 KClO KClO 3 KCl K KCl KNO 3 KNO 2 K 2 SO 4 KCl KOH Đáp số: (1): 2K + Cl 2 2KCl (2): 2KCl (tinh thể) + H 2 SO 4 (đặc) 0t K 2 SO 4 + 2HCl  (3): K 2 SO 4 + BaCl 2 2KCl + BaSO 4 (4): 2KCl + 2H 2 O mn đpdd, 2KOH + Cl 2 + H 2 (5): KOH + HNO 3 KNO 3 + H 2 O (6): KCl + H 2 O kmn đpdd, KClO + H 2 (7): 3KClO C0100 KClO 3 + 2KCl (8): 2KClO 3 2KCl + 3O 2 (9): KCl + AgNO 3 KNO 3 + AgCl  (10): 2KNO 3 2KNO 2 + O 2 ( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( 3 ) ( 4 ) ( 5 ) ( 6 ) ( 7 ) (1 0) ( 8 ) ( 9 ) t 0 ( 1 ) ( 3 ) ( 4 ) ( 1 0 ) ( 8 ) ( 7 ) ( 5 ) ( 9 ) ( 2 ) ( 6 ) t 0 t 0 t 0
3. Sơ đồ 3 KOH K[Al(OH) 4 ] KHCO 3 K 2 CO 3 K 2 O KOH KCl K KOH KClO 3 KCl Đáp số: (1): K 2 O + 2HCl 2KCl + H 2 O (2): 2KCl đpnc 2K + Cl 2 (3): 2K + 2H 2 O 2KOH + H 2 (4): 6KOH + 3Cl 2 C0100 5KCl + KClO 3 + 3H 2 O (5): 2KClO 3 2KCl + 3O 2 (6): 2KCl + 2H 2 O mn đpdd, 2KOH + Cl 2 + H 2 (7): K 2 O + H 2 O 2KOH (8): 4KOH (dư) + AlCl 3 K[Al(OH) 4 ] + 3KCl (9): K[Al(OH) 4 ] + CO 2 Al(OH) 3  + KHCO 3 (10): 2KHCO 3 K 2 CO 3 + CO 2 + H 2 O (11): K 2 CO 3 + Ba(OH) 2 BaCO 3  + 2KOH 4. Sơ đồ 4 Na NaCl Na 2 O NaOH NaAlO 2 NaHCO 3 NaCl Na 2 SO 4 Đáp số: (1): 2Na + 2H 2 O 2NaOH + H 2 (2): Na 2 O + H 2 O 2NaOH (3): 2NaCl + 2H 2 O mn đpdd, 2NaOH + Cl 2 + H 2 (4): 4NaOH (dư) + AlCl 3 Na[Al(OH) 4 ] + 3NaCl (5): 2NaOH + 2Al + 6H 2 O 2Na[Al(OH) 4 ] + 3H 2 (6): 2NaOH + Al 2 O 3 + 3H 2 O 2Na[Al(OH) 4 ] (7): Na[Al(OH) 4 ] + 4HCl AlCl 3 + NaCl + 4H 2 O (8): Na[Al(OH) 4 ] + CO 2 Al(OH) 3  + NaHCO 3 (9): 2Na[Al(OH) 4 ] + 4H 2 SO 4 (loãng) Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 + Na 2 SO 4 + 8H 2 O 5. Sơ đồ 5 ( 2 ) ( 3 ) ( 9 ) ( 8 ) ( 6 ) ( 1 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 5 ) ( 1 0 ) ( 4 ) ( 7 ) t 0 t 0 ( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( 3 ) ( 4 ) ( 5 ) ( 6 ) ( 7 ) ( 8 ) ( 9 )

(11): CaCO 3 + CO 2 + H 2 O Ca(HCO 3 ) 2 (12): CaCO 3 + 2HNO 3 Ca(NO 3 ) 2 + CO 2 + H 2 O 2. Sơ đồ 2 Ba(OH) 2 Ba(AlO 2 ) 2 ] Ba(HCO 3 ) 2 BaCO 3 BaO BaCl 2 BaCO 3 BaO BaCl 2 Ba Ba(OH) 2 Đáp số: (1): BaO + CO 2 BaCO 3 (2): BaCO 3 BaO + CO 2 (3): BaO + 2HCl BaCl 2 + H 2 O (4): BaCl 2 đpnc Ba + Cl 2 (5): Ba + 2H 2 O Ba(OH) 2 + H 2 (6): Ba(OH) 2 + 2HCl BaCl 2 + 2H 2 O (7): BaO + H 2 O Ba(OH) 2 (8): 2Al + Ba(OH) 2 + 2H 2 O Ba(AlO 2 ) 2 + 3H 2 (9): Ba(AlO 2 ) 2 + 2CO 2 + 2H 2 O 2Al(OH) 3 + Ba(HCO 3 ) 2 (10): Ba(HCO 3 ) 2 BaCO 3 + CO 2 + H 2 O (11): BaCO 3 + 2HCl BaCl 2 + CO 2 + H 2 O 3. Sơ đồ 3 Ca(OH) 2 Ca(ClO) 2 CaCl 2 Ca CaCl 2 Ca(NO 3 ) 2 CaSO 4 CaCO 3 Ca(HCO 3 ) 2 CaCO 3 Đáp số: (1): Ca + Cl 2 CaCl 2 (2): CaCl 2 + Na 2 CO 3 CaCO 3 + 2NaCl (3): CaCO 3 + CO 2 + H 2 O Ca(HCO 3 ) 2 (4): Ca(HCO 3 ) 2 CaCO 3 + CO 2 + H 2 O (5): CaCO 3 + 2HNO 3 Ca(NO 3 ) 2 + CO 2 + H 2 O (6): CaCl 2 (loãng) + 2H 2 O mn đpdd, Ca(OH) 2 + Cl 2 + H 2 (7): 2Ca(OH) 2 (loãng) + 2Cl 2 CaCl 2 + Ca(OCl) 2 (Canxi hypo clorit) + 2H 2 O (8): Ca(OCl) 2 CaCl 2 + O 2 (9): CaCl 2 + 2AgNO 3 Ca(NO 3 ) 2 + 2AgCl ( 2 ) ( 3 ) ( 9 ) ( 8 ) ( 6 ) ( 1 1 ) ( 1 ) ( 5 ) ( 1 0 ) ( 4 ) ( 7 ) t 0 t 0 ( 1 ) ( 3 ) ( 4 ) ( 1 0 ) ( 8 ) ( 7 ) ( 5 ) ( 9 ) ( 2 ) ( 6 ) t 0 t 0 t 0