Title midterm.2.questions.pdf ✅

Extracted from the accompanying pdf, under What does “cumulative” mean? Exams (60%)  What does “cumulative” mean? I am very scared of the cumulative final. Is there any way that I can remember the questions on the midterms? Yes, there is. Provided that all students completed a particular midterm, after the window of each exam concludes (typically within 24 hours from the conclusion), the instructor will upload all 60 questions without multiple choices. These questions can be used for each student to organize what s/he learned in preparation of the final exam in his/her own words (this strategy is called “elaborative rehearsal”). To facilitate elaborative rehearsal, multiple choices associated with each question* will not be shared and this arrangement is not negotiable (please see the study guide file to learn more about elaborative rehearsal). Of importance, because this practice of sharing the exam questions is made possible based on the agreement that students will not share these questions with anyone or anywhere, this course feature will end if the copyright infringement occurs (please see the section of Copyright Infringement on the syllabus). * including picture/drawing The best way to study using this document. Step 1: Find the questions that you remember that you missed. Step 2: Find the relevant course materials (lecture slides, paired sheets, any other materials that are covered during the class meetings and in paired sheets) and review them. • In dichotic listening experiments, a participant who is shadowing a story presented in the left ear while words are being presented to the right ear will remember __________ from the right ear. • Broadbent (1958) proposed that attention operates as a peripheral gate. Which of the following results would, if true, be strong evidence for this theory? • Broadbent’s peripheral gate theory is an example of a __________ theory. • In the Posner cuing paradigm, reaction times are typically fastest on __________ trials, intermediate on __________ trials, and slowest on __________ trials. • In the Posner cuing paradigm, attention will automatically be attracted to a location indicated by a __________. • Recent studies of attention indicate that __________. • Evidence supporting early selection includes: • According to resource allocation theories, allocating more resources to one task will lead to __________ in the amount of resources allocated to a second task. • According to Treisman’s feature integration theory, simple features __________. • According to feature integration theory, which two of the following search tasks should require serial search? • Which of the following is an example of a target-present trial in a search for feature absence? • Which of the following is an illusory conjunction? • When a participant performs a serial, self-terminating search, the slope of the function relating reaction time to set size is twice as great on target-absent trials as on target-present trials. Why? • Looking into the stands at Civic Stadium during track meets and trying to pick out your friend is a difficult task. This situation is analogous to which of the following types of experimental tasks? • Which of the following is not a prediction made by Feature Integration Theory? • The cocktail party problem refers to the _____. • In the Stroop task, the name of a color is drawn in colored ink, and participants are asked either to say the word or to say the color of the ink. When participants are instructed to say the _____, they are _____ if the ink color and word are different than if they are the same. • Patients with neglect following damage to the right hemisphere have which of the following characteristics?
• Neglect is usually found after damage to the ________ parietal lobe and usually consists of a lack of attention to the ________ side of space. • Which of the following observations provides evidence that neglect is not a result of sensory deficits? • A patient with extinction: • In visual search tasks, patients with neglect: • Patient R.M. has lesions in both the left and right parietal lobes, leading to a very severe, disruption of attention. Which of the following statements characterizes his performance on laboratory tasks? • Friesen and Kingstone (1998) concluded that: • Talking through a smart phone while driving leads to an increased probability of getting into an accident. This is an example of what principle? • A key conclusion of the Loftus and Palmer (1974) article was that a memory of an event: • Which of the following would be considered a within-subjects design? • We learned how theory, hypothesis, and prediction differ from each other. According to these definitions, a prediction • A hypothesis differs from a prediction in that: • A participant is given a list of 20 words to memorize. Thirty minutes later, the participant is asked to write down those 20 words in the order they were presented. This is an example of: • A participant is given a list of 20 words to read, all of which are related to the word “black.” Thirty minutes later, the participant is given a set of word stems and is asked to write down the first word that comes to mind that begins with each word stem. The participant completes the stem “bla___” as “black.” This is an example of: • In Sperling’s “whole report” tasks, participants were shown a brief array of letters and numbers and were asked to remember as many of them as possible. According to Sperling, about how many letters and numbers could participants report from a 12-item array? • What did Sperling conclude from his “partial report” tasks? • Which of the following is true according to the modal model of memory? • Peterson and Peterson (1959) attempted to provide evidence for rapid decay of information in short-term memory. They presented participants with 3 letters to remember and then gave them a 3-digit number and asked the participants to count backwards from this number by 3’s. Why did they give the participant the 3-digit number and ask them to count backwards? • Peterson and Peterson (1959) attempted to provide evidence for rapid decay of information in short-term memory. They presented participants with 3 letters to remember and then gave them a 3-digit number and asked the participants to count backwards from this number by 3’s. They found that accuracy for remembering the 3 letters fell to nearly zero after a delay of: • Keppel and Underwood (1962) provided evidence against the passive decay of information in short-term memory. Using a variant of the Peterson and Peterson (1959) procedure, they found that: • When a participant is given a list of words to remember, accuracy is usually very high for the last few words on the list. This is called a __________ effect. • According to Baddeley’s model of working memory, the articulatory loop stores: • Which of the following findings, if true, could not be explained by Baddeley’s model of working memory? • Which of the following is not a component of Baddeley’s original working memory model? • Which of the following is not an attribute of short-term memory? • In the Batikawa language of Malaysia, each number between 11 and 20 is represented by a short, one-syllable word, whereas most numbers between 11 and 20 are long, multi-syllable words in English. If Batikawa and English speakers were given a digit span task in their native language with numbers between 11 and 20, we would predict that: • According to Luck and Vogel (1997, Nature), the capacity of the visual working memory is: • Which of the following is not a working memory slave system? • Which of the following is direct evidence that information is stored in an acoustic form in the articulatory loop? • Which of the following facts can be explained by Baddeley’s model of working memory but not by the modal model? • Knowing that Olympia is the capital of Washington is an example of what kind of memory? • Among the following methods, which is the most effective means of learning the Spanish equivalents of English words? • Failure to retrieve information from memory is attributed to _____ when the information has been lost due to the passage of time and attributed to _____ when that failure is due to competing information.