Title নবম শ্রেণী_জীবনবিজ্ঞান_অধ্যায় ৪_জীববিদ্যা_ও_মানবকল্যাণ_সহজ শিক্ষা.pdf ✅

Class-10 | Bengali | Chapter Name 7 lîô ö×!” ?#îl!îKþyl ?#î!î ̃Äy G ôylî†þ¡Äy” !’þØþyîûöì?rØþ ! ̃öìëû èþyöì¡y †þöìîû TM%öìëû öæþ¡öì•þ ¥ëûÐ [5] Çþ•þßiyl öTMï•þ†þîû”韟Ÿéxöìl†þ ¤ôëû ö‡¡yTM)¡y îy ö†þyöìly ÷ ̃l!r ̃l †þy? †þîûöì•þ !ˆöìëû c†þ îy ¥y•þéŸéþ›y Séöì’þü G ö†þöìØþ ëyëû– •þy¥z ~¥z¤î öÇþöìe xÄy!rØþöì¤!2Wz†þ G£ì%TM ! ̃öìëû Çþ•þßiyl þ›!îûÜñyîû †þöìîû îÄyöìuþ? †þöìîû G¥z ßiyöìlîû ôöìTMÄ ! ̃öìëû öîûyˆ ?#îy”%îû 2Ìöìî¢ î¦þ †þîûöì•þ ¥öìîÐ W öTMï•þ†þîûöì”îû =îû&c韟ŸéöTMï•þ†þîûöì”îû æþöì¡ xöìl†þ !îþ›Il†þ öîûyˆ?#îy”% ëyîûy xyôyöì ̃îû ¢îû#öìîûîû Çþ!•þ †þöìîû •þyöì ̃îû öíöì†þ îûÇþy þ›yGëûy ëyëûÐ 4.2 ôylî†þ¡Äyöì” ?#îy”%öì ̃îû è)þ!ô†þy [1] ‡y ̃Ĥyô@ýÌ# ’þzêþ›y ̃öìl韟Ÿé ̃¥z– þ›!lîû– ôy‡l– ö‰y¡– ¥z’þ!¡– !æþ¤ ¥z•þÄy! ̃ ’þzêþ›y ̃öìl !î!èþ§¬ îÄy†þöìØþ!îûëûy †þyöì? ¡yˆyöìly ¥ëûÐ öëôl韟Ÿé¡Äy†þöìØþyîÄy!¤¡y¤Ð [2] ¤%îûy !¢öìÒ韟Ÿé!î!èþ§¬ æþöì¡îû îû¤– ö‡„?%öìîûîû îû¤ ¥z•þÄy! ̃ öˆ„!?öìëû ô ̃ ’þzêþ›y ̃l †þîûy ¥ëû ~î‚ ~¥z ˆ„Äy?yöìlyîû ?lÄ !î!èþ§¬ îÄy†þöìØþ!îûëûy îÄî¥yîû †þîûy ¥ëûÐ öëôl韟Ÿé†Ïþ¤!ØþÆ!’þëûyô– ¤yîû!¤ly ¥z•þÄy! ̃Ð [3] G£ì%TM ’þzêþ›y ̃öìl韟Ÿélylyîû†þô xÄy!rØþîyöìëûy!Øþ†þ öëôl öÞØþÆþ›öìØþyôy¥z!¤l– ~!îûöìíÊyôy¥z!¤l– ö†Ïþyîûyôöìæþ!l†þ¡– öØþØþÆy¤y¥z!†Ïþl– xÄy!?éöìíÊyôy¥z!¤l ¥z•þÄy! ̃ ’þzêþ›y ̃öìl !î!èþ§¬ ?#îy”% îÄî¥yîû †þîûy ¥ëûÐ [4] èþÄy†þ!¤l ’þzêþ›y ̃öìl韟Ÿéë-y– †þöì¡îûy– ö2Õˆ– à!þ›‚ †þy!¢ ¥z•þÄ!y ̃îû èþÄy†þ!¤l ÷•þ!îûöì•þ ô,•þ îy ?#!î•þ ?#îy”%öì ̃îû îÄî¥yîû †þîûy ¥ëûÐ [5] !èþØþy!ôl ’þzêþ›y ̃öìl韟Ÿé!èþØþy!ôl B12, B2 , !èþØþy!ôl C ’þzêþ›y ̃öìlîû ?lÄ !îöì¢£ì †þöìëû†þ!Øþ îÄy†þöìØþ!îûëûy îÄî¥yîû †þîûy ¥ëûÐ 4.2.1. ÷?!î†þ !lëûsföì” ?#îy”%öì ̃îû è)þ!ô†þy xöìl†þ èþy¥zîûy¤ G îÄy†þöìØþ!îûëûy xyöìSé ëyîûy öþ›ÞØþöì ̃îû xye«ô” †þöìîû !î!èþ§¬ öîûyˆ ¤,!ÜT †þöìîû– ~¥z¤î èþy¥zîûy¤ G îÄy†þöìØþ!îûëûyöì ̃îû îÄî¥yîû †þöìîû öþ›ÞØþöì ̃îû ̃ôl †þîûy ëyëûÐ öëôl韟Ÿé [i] Bacillus thuringiensis lyô†þ îÄy†þöìØþ!îûëûy þ›•þAˆ öþ›ÞØþöì ̃îû öôöìîû öæþöì¡Ð [ii] Bacillus papillae lyô†þ îÄy†þöìØþ!îûëûy 2Ìöìëûyˆ †þöìîû ?yþ›y!l !îØþ¡ ̃ôl †þîûy ëyëûÐ [iii] Leptomonas sp, Tetrahymena sp, Nosema sp. ¥z•þÄy! ̃ ö2ÌyöìØþyöì?yëûy !î!èþ§¬ þ›•þöìDîû ö ̃öì¥ öîûyˆ ¤,!ÜT †þöìîû •þy¥z öþ›ÞØþ ̃ôl †þîûy ëyëûÐ 4.2.2. x”%?#î ¤yîû îy ?#î ¤yîû öë ¤!e«ëû öˆyÛþ#îû x”%?#î öëôl韟ŸéîÄy†þöìØþ!îûëûy– ÷¢îy¡ G Séey†þ ~†þ†þèþyöìî îy ¤!Á¿!¡•þèþyöìî þ›!îûöìîöì¢îû ö†þyöìly Çþ!•þ ly †þöìîû ?!ôîû ’þzîÅîû•þy îy’þüyëû– ¢¤Ä G æþ¤¡ ’þzêþ›y ̃l†þyîû# ˆyöìSéöì ̃îû þ›%!ÜT ?%!ˆöìëû •þyöì ̃îû ¤!e«ëû î,!m*öì•þ ¤y¥yëÄ †þöìîû– •þyöì ̃îû ?#î ¤yîû îy îyöìëûyæþy!ØÅþ¡y¥z?yîû îöì¡Ð 2ÌTMyl !•þl 2̆þyîû x”%?#î ¤yîû ¥¡éŸŸŸéîÄy†þöìØþ!îûëûy– ¤yëûyöìlyîÄy†þöìØþ!îûëûy G ôy¥zöì†þyîûy¥z?yÐ [1] îĆþöìØþ!îûëûy韟Ÿé!†þS%é îÄy†þöìØþ!îûëûy îyëû%îû ly¥zöìØþÆyöì?löì†þ ôy!Øþöì•þ xyîm* †þöìîû G ôy!Øþöì•þ ly¥zöìØþÆyöì?léŸé~îû þ›!îûôy” î,!m* †þöìîûÐ ~öì ̃îû ôöìTMÄ !†þS%é îÄy†þöìØþ!îûëûy ¥¡ ô%_«?#î# G !†þS%é !ôöìíy?#î#Ð A ô%_«?#î# îÄy†þöìØþ!îûëûy myîûy N2 ¤‚î¦þl Azotobacter sp., Clostridium sp., Bacilluss sp. ¥z•þÄy! ̃ îÄy†þöìØþ!îûëûy ôy!Øþöì•þ îy¤ †þöìîû G îyëû%îû N2 ö¢y£ì” †þöìîû •þy ôy!Øþöì•þ xyîm* †þöìîû ôy!Øþîû ’þzîÅîû•þy îy’þüyëûÐ B !ôöìíy?#î# îÄy†þöìØþ!îûëûy myîûy N2 ¤‚î¦þl [1] îûy¥zöì?y!îëûyô (Rhizobium sp.)—lyô†þ !ôöìíy?#î# îÄy†þöìØþ!îûëûy !¢!Áoöìˆye#ëû ’þz!qöì ̃îû ŒôØþîû– !¤ô– îîûî!Øþ– TM¥zMéþyŠ ô)öì¡îû xî%Åöì ̃ î¤îy¤ †þöìîû ~î‚ îyëû% öíöì†þ N2 ö¢y£ì” †þöìîû ôy!Øþöì•þ xyîm* †þöìîûÐ [2] ¤yëûyöìly îÄy†þöìØþ!îûëûy韟Ÿéôy!Øþöì•þ î¤îy¤†þyîû# ¤yëûyöìly îÄy†þöìØþ!îûëûy îy l#¡yèþ ¤î%? ÷¢îy¡ îyëû% öíöì†þ N2 ö¢y£ì” †þöìîû ôy!Øþöì•þ ly¥zöìØþÆyöì?l ¤‚î¦þl ‰Øþyëû æþöì¡ ôy!Øþ ’þzîÅîû ¥ëûÐ ’þz ̃y¥îû”韟ŸéxÄyly!îly (Anabaena sp.)– lÞØþ†þ (Nostoc sp.)– xöì¡y!¤îûy (Aulosira sp.)– Øþ!¡öìþ›y!íÊ: (Tolypothrix sp.)– !ÞØþöìˆy!lôy (Stigonema sp.) ¥z•þÄy! ̃Ð [3] ôy¥zöì†þyîûy¥z?y韟Ÿéþ›y¥zl ˆyöìSéîû ô)öì¡îû xî%Åöì ̃ î¤îy¤†þyîû# Séey†þ ëyîû ?lÄ ˆySé ôy!Øþöì•þ öíöì†þ x!TM†þôyeyëû þ›%!ÜT ’þzþ›y ̃yl ö¢y£ì” †þîûöì•þ þ›yöìîûÐ ~!Øþ ̃%¥zîû†þô xîßiyëû ö ̃‡y ëyëû韟Ÿ 1 î!¥/ôy¥zöì†þyîûy¥z?y G 2 xhsý/ôy¥zöì†þyîûy¥z?yÐ W 2Ìöìëûy?l#ëû•þy: 1 ?#î ¤yîû 2Ìöìëûyöìˆ ôy!Øþîû ’þzîÅîû•þy îÄyþ›†þèþyöìî î,!m* þ›yëûÐ 2 îûy¤yëû!l†þ ly¥zöìØþÆyöì?l ¤yöìîûîû ‹þy!¥ ̃y þ›)îû” †þöìîûÐ 3 ¢¤Ä?y•þ ’þz!qöì ̃îû ö†þyöìly Çþ!•þ †þöìîû lyÐ 4 ôy¥zöì†þyîûy¥z?y !¥’þzôy¤ ôy!Øþîû ¤,!ÜT †þöìîûÐ Key points [1] ¥z!ô’þz!l!Øþ: öîûyˆ¤,!ÜT†þyîû# þ› ̃yöìíÅîû !îîû&öìm* 2Ì!•þöìîûyTM îÄîßiy ˆöì’þü ö•þy¡yÐ [2] xÄy!rØþöì?l: öë !î?y•þ#ëû îéÝ ö ̃öì¥ 2Ìöìî¢ †þöìîû xÄy!rØþî!’þ ¤,!ÜT†þyîû# †þöìîûÐ [3] xÄy!rØþî!’þ: ö ̃öì¥ xÄy!rØþöì?öìlîû 2Ìöìîöì¢îû æþöì¡ xy!îè)Åþ•þ ö2Ìy!Øþl ’þzþ›y ̃ylÐ [4] ¥z!ô’þzl öîû¤þ›a: ö ̃öì¥îû !î?y•þ#ëû þ› ̃yíÅöì†þ TMç‚öì¤îû ?lÄ ¥z!ô’þzl •þöìsfîû 2Ì!•þîûÇþyô)¡†þ ¤y’þüyÐ