Title Zoology Ultra HD Maps.pdf ✅

Chapter Animal Kingdom: Non-Chordates 1A 2 BASIS OF ANIMAL CLASSIFICATION m There are fundamental features common to various individuals and have certain distinct characters which are specific to each phyla/class. m Some Conclusions From Classification: l Platyhelminthes are first triploblastic, bilaterally symmetrical acoelomates. l Poriferans are mostly asymmetrical organisms with cellular level of organisation. l Bilateral symmetry is most advanced form of symmetry that arose with motile organisms. l All diploblastic organisms have radial symmetry and are acoelomates. l Echinoderms have radial symmetry at adult stage and bilateral in the larval stage. Broad Classification Hierarchy Simple Level of Organisation Types of Symmetry Germ Layers Body Cavity/Coelom (mesodermal lining) Phylum(s) Metamerism/ Segmentation Notochord Cellular Asymmetrical Any plane passing through the centre does not divide the organism into 2 equal halves Not specified (loose cell aggregates) Porifera Tissue Radial Any longitudinal plane passing through the central axis of the body divides the organism into 2 identical halves Diploblastic Ectoderm Undifferentiated mesoglea Endoderm Acoelomates (No body cavity) Coelenterata Ctenophora Organ Bilateral Only one longitudinal plane passing through the centre of the body divides the organism into identical right and left halves Triploblastic Ectoderm Mesoderm Endoderm Pseudocoelomate Scattered pouches of mesoderm between ecto and endoderm Aschelminthes Annelida Arthropoda Mollusca Echinodermata Hemichordata Chordata Absent Present Mesodermal pouches Platyhelminthes 1 INTRODUCTION of kingdom Animalia m Classification helps in assigning a systematic position to newly described species. m What is the need to classify animals? m Characteristics of members – l l l Eukaryotic organisms Division of labour Definite growth pattern l l Multicellular and their cells lack cell wall Heterotrophic with holozoic mode of nutrition l Capable of locomotion l Sensory and neuromotor mechanism With some exceptions (Poriferans) m Notochord – Mesodermally derived rod like structure formed on the dorsal side during embryonic development in some animals m Animals without notochord – Non-chordates (Porifera to echinoderms) m Metameric Segmentation – Body is externally and internally divided into segments with a serial repetition of at least some organs m Animals with notochord – Chordates m rd About 2/3 of all species on earth are Arthropods (Most abundant are insects) Complex True coelomates Body cavity lined by mesoderm Organ system (Each system with a specific physiological function) ü ü ü û û û û û û û Acoelomates û (No body cavity) Ectoderm Mesoderm Coelom Endoderm Ectoderm Endoderm Mesoglea


Animal Kingdom: Non-Chordates NCERT Maps 4 1. All of the following are basis of classification of animals except [NCERT Pg. 46] (1) Number of cells (2) Body symmetry (3) Nature of coelom (4) Arrangement of cells 2. Organ level of organisation is present in the members of which phylum?[NCERT Pg. 46] (1) Cnidaria (2) Ctenophora (3) Platyhelminthes (4) Porifera 3. What is true for open circulatory system? [NCERT Pg. 47] (1) Cells and tissues are directly bathed in blood (2) Capillaries are present (3) Blood is circulated only through a series of vessels of varying diameter (4) Present in earthworm 4. Digestive system in phylum Platyhelminthes [NCERT Pg. 47] (1) Has two openings to the outside of the body (2) Has one opening to the outside of the body (3) Is absent in most of the members (4) Opens through excretory pore to the outside of the body 5. When any longitudinal plane passing through the central axis of the body divides the organism into two identical halves, it is called [NCERT Pg. 47] (1) Bilateral symmetry (2) Radial symmetry (3) Asymmetry (4) Biradial symmetry 6. Choose the odd one w.r.t. coelenterates [NCERT Pg. 47] (1) Ectoderm (2) Endoderm (3) Mesoderm (4) Mesoglea 7. Triploblastic acoelomate animals belong to which phylum? [NCERT Pg. 48] (1) Ctenophora (2) Platyhelminthes (3) Aschelminthes (4) Annelida 8. Presence of truly coelomate animals ranges from phylum [NCERT Pg. 48] (1) Aschelminthes to Chordata (2) Annelida to Chordata (3) Platyhelminthes to Chordata (4) Ctenophora to Chordata 9. Metameric segmentation is present in [NCERT Pg. 52] (1) Pheretima (2) Ascaris (3) Balanoglossus (4) Pila 10. Which of the following is incorrect w.r.t. notochord? [NCERT Pg. 48] (1) Ectodermally derived (2) Rod-like structure (3) Present on the dorsal side (4) Absent in animals ranging from phylum Porifera to Echinodermata 11. Select the correct option w.r.t. sponges [NCERT Pg. 49] (1) All are marine (2) All are asymmetrical (3) Collar cells line spongocoel only (4) Usually monoecious 12. Choose the correct match w.r.t. excretory structure [NCERT Pg. 51-54] (1) Fasciola – Excretory tube (2) Ancylostoma – Flame cells (3) Laccifer – Malpighian tubules (4) Chaetopleura – Proboscis gland 13. Select the incorrect match w.r.t. fertilisation [NCERT Pg. 49-54] (1) Sponges – Internal (2) Ctenophores – External (3) Roundworms – Internal (4) Echinoderms – Internal