Title British constitution Question No 12.pdf ✅

ALVI LAW ASSOCIATES 0313-4384159 Regards: Wajeeh Ahsan Alvi (M.A, LLB, DTL) Contact No: 0313-4384159 NOTE: These notes are the intellectual property of ALVI LAW ASSOCIATES by WAJEEH AHSAN ALVI not for sale not for Re-forward if anyone found in any of above activity will responsible for the consequences. If you are going to study these Notes, I’ll recommend you to take lecture of these questions for better understanding and concept building then you will be better able to understand the question and answer accordingly. All lectures and important stuff is available on my YouTube channel. Channel name Alvi Law Associates. For free notes and lectures series WhatsApp only. Here is the playlist of all lectures of BRITISH/UK constitution for LLB part 2 and 3 you can watch lecture of this question from here. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rDaDyLbXmeU&list=PLXT PClsX2hdCCiq15CKmj8I1ZfBvTIT91&pp=iAQB Question # 12: Write a detailed note on the concept of Political parties in UK? INTRODUCTION: In the modern era the concept of the political parties is of much importance as the political parties plays an important role for the survival of the democratic societies. The political parties try to get power and make government to govern the countries. Political parties in the Britain are very much organized. In the seventeenth century when a struggle started between king and parliament for power, this party system came into existence. In the UK there is two party system with different powers and functions. 2. BACKGROUND OF TWO-PARTY SYSTEM IN THE UK: In the reign of Charles II two party system came into existence. Whig and
Torey parties were set up on political basis. Torey party was in the favor of the king and the Whig party was the supporter of the parliament. After the amendment bill of 1832 the name of Torey party was changed with Conservative party and Whig party changed into Liberal party. 3. FORMATION OF LABOUR PARTY: In 1900 the party named as Labour party came into existence and this party got recognition in the year of 1906 in the parliament. By the passage of time this party got popularity in the UK and becomes the most important 2nd party in the UK. 4. END OF LIBERAL PARTY: After the popularity of the labour party in the UK after the world war I, 1914-18 liberal party suffered a downfall, thus only two parties the labour and Conservative parties remained in UK. 5. FAMOUS PARTIES IN THE UK: There are two famous parties in the UK as under. ➢ Labour Party. ➢ Conservative party. 6. FEATURES OF BRITISH PARTY SYSTEM: Following are the most important features of the British party system. • TWO PARTY SYSTEM: One of the most important features of the political parties in the UK is two party system. There exist mainly two major parties who contest in the general elections and one of them get into power. Although there exist other parties but they don’t get so many votes to get recognition in the parliament so UK is known as the country with two party system. • CONTINUOUS PRACTICE: In UK the parties are more active to perform then any else country in the world. The party in power struggle hard to work for the best interest of the people so they may win the hearts of public and get elected again in future. On the other
hand, the opposite party strive hard continuously to solve the problems of the citizens to get in to power in the future. This supports the continuous practice of the parties in the UK. • CLEAR CUT MANIFESTO: In UK the political parties have clear cut manifesto both Conservative and Labor parties have clear cut goals to achieve. This helps the general public to choose the party with the manifesto of their interest. Usually, the conservative party have no concern with the personal life of properties of the people while the labor party believes in the interference of the government in the lives of people. • DISCIPLINE: In UK the parties are well organized and disciplined each member of the party required to support the policies and decisions of the party or his agenda must be aligning with the party guidelines otherwise the party can dismiss the membership of the member. This provides as the check on the horse trading and floor crossing. • CENTRALIZATION: In UK the parties are under some central organization. That central organization organize on central level and this keep the party united for certain time. 7. ROLE OF BRITISH PARTIES: The British parties in the UK are of much importance and have multi functions to perform as under. • Economic Policies: All parties work to shape the economy. They have different views on taxes, business support, and government spending. Some focus on helping businesses grow, while others aim to reduce income inequality and support public services. • Social Policies: Parties influence healthcare, education, and welfare. They debate the best ways to provide and improve public services. Some parties emphasize strong public services, while others support limited government involvement.
• National Defense: Parties decide on military funding and security. They discuss the importance of a strong military and national defense. Some parties focus on maintaining a well-funded military, while others prioritize diplomacy and international cooperation. • Environmental Policies: Parties shape climate and environmental actions. They propose different strategies to address climate change and protect nature. Some parties prioritize green policies and sustainable development, while others balance environmental concerns with economic growth. • Immigration: Parties set immigration laws and policies. They have varying views on how to manage borders and integrate immigrants. Some advocate for stricter controls, while others promote fair and compassionate immigration systems. • Regional Interests: Parties represent specific regions. They focus on the interests of areas like Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. Some parties seek greater autonomy or independence for their regions, while others aim to maintain strong ties within the UK. • Personal Freedom and Rights: Parties protect individual liberties and rights. They work to ensure personal freedoms and human rights are respected. Some parties emphasize social justice and equality, while others focus on law, order, and personal responsibility. • International Relations: Parties guide foreign policy and international ties. They shape the UK's relationships with other countries and organizations like the EU. Some parties prioritize national sovereignty, while others support international cooperation and strong global partnerships. 8. Present Government in UK: Presently a general election has been held in the UK on 4 July 2024 in which the Labor Party get managed