Title PHYSICS PART- 2.pdf ✅

PHYSICS Class - C2 (Part - II) INDEX S.No Topics Page No. 4. Gravitation 4 − 48 5. Fluid Statics 49 − 85 6. Simple Harmonic Motion INDEX S.No. Concept Topics Page No. 1. Wise up 06 − 07 2. I Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation 08 − 13 3. II Relation between g and G 14 − 21 4. III Gravitational Potential Energy 21 − 28 5. IV Escape Velocity and Orbital Velocity 28 − 35 6. V Kepler's Laws 36 − 43 7. Additional 43 − 45 8. Quick Review 45 − 46 9. Analyse and Apply 47 − 48
4.GRAVITATION WISE UP Force : Force is a physical quantity which changes (or) tries to change the state of rest (or) uniform motion of a body. • If a body of mass ' m ' acquires an acceleration a when it is subjected to a force F then F = ma • SI Unit is newton (or) N. • Dimensional Formula is [M1 L 1 T −2 ]. • It is a vector quantity. Various types of forces : The various types of forces in nature can be grouped into four categories, viz... a) Gravitational force b) Electromagnetic force c) Strong interaction d) Weak interaction Relative Strengths of Basic Forces between protons Basic Force Relative Range strength Gravitational 1 Long Range, infinite Weak Nuclear range << 1fm 1031 Extremely short Electromagnetic 1036 Long Range, Infinite
Strong force 1038 Short Range, 1fm Field forces These are the forces in which contact between two objects is not necessary. Gravitational force between two bodies and electrostatic force between two charges are two examples of field forces. Weight (W = mg) of a body comes in this category. Where G is universal gravitational constant G = 6.67 × 10−11 N m2 kg−2 ' G ' is a Scaler Physical Quantity. ' G ' dimensional Formula is [M−1 L 3 T −2 ] Circular Motion : If a particle is moving along a circular path then the particle is said to be in circular motion. If the speed of the particle is constant then it is called uniform circular motion. Centripetal Force : A particle moving in a circle is accelerated and acceleration can be produced in an inertial frame only if a resultant force acts on it. The resultant force along the normal direction, directed towards the centre is called centripetal force FN = mv 2 r Angular displacement : Change in angular position is called angular displacement.
Its SI unit is radian. It has no dimensional formula. Average Angular Velocity : Angular displacement per unit time is called average angular velocity. If the angular position of a particle is changed from θ1 to θ2 from time t1 to t2, then Δθ = θ2 − θ। , Δt = t2 − t1 ωavg = Δθ Δt Acceleration due to gravity ( (g) : Any object on the earth is pulled towards its centre by the earth. If no other force acts on the object the object moves with an acceleration is called acceleration due to gravity and is represented by ' g '. SI unit of g is ms−2 . Its Dimensional formula is [L ′T −2 ]. It is a vector. Weight: The force with which a body is attracted towards earth Density: The mass per unit volume of a substance The CGS unit of density is g/cm3 The SI unit of density is kg/m3 Potential energy : The energy Possessed by a body by virtue of its motion. CONCEPT - I Introduction : The forces of nature are classified into four categories. 1. Gravitational force 2. Electromagnetic force