Title CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM 1.pdf ✅

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM Medical - Surgical Nursing 1 (Lecture) Bachelor of Science in nursing |Prof. Rianzares | FIRST SEM 2024-2025 Transcribed by: CABAEL, Jasmine, DAVID, Alyanna Jade S., LLARENAS, Abigail P., MACARAIG, Jahziel John A. MAKARINIG NG NORMAL HEART SOUNDS. ➢ Murmurs ■ These are the audible vibrations of the heart and great vessels - Para kang nakakarinig ng turbulent blood flow. Masyadong malakas kaya nakakarinig ka murmur sounds ➢ Pericardial friction rub ■ It is an extra heart sound originating from the pericardial sac. ■ It is described as a short, high pitched, scratchy sound. - Kapag sinabi mong merong scratchy sounds parang yung sa sounds ng pagkiskis ng buhok. Kaya merong ganun kase may inflammation, it may be a sign of inflammation. Kapag may inflammation meron kang infection or infiltration. CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE ❖ Dyspnea ➢ Nahihirapan huminga kahit walang ginagawa ❖ Dyspnea on exertion ➢ Nahihirapan huminga kapag may ginagawa ka. Example: umaakyat ka sa hagdan. Meaning to say, meron kang decreased cardiac reserve. ❖ Orthopnea ➢ Different from orthostatic hypotension. ■ Orthostatic hypotension, when you change movement most especially sa upright movement kapag tatayo ka ng biglaan babagsak ang blood pressure mo. ■ Orthopnea - certain positions ito (orthopneic positions). Sa bed merong overhead table na ayun yung pinapatungan ng patient kase need nila mailaki yung diameter ng lungs nila for them to use their accessory muscles properly. The patient suffering from orthopnea need niya mag orthopneic position. That only means one thing = the heart failure is in the advanced stage already. Kaya tinatanong din sa patient during assessment kung ilan pillows nila kapag natutulog sa gabi. If sinabi na one pillow lang hindi na makahinga or nalulunod na, need niya 4 pillows para makatulog sa gabi. ❖ Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea ➢ Severe shortness of breath that occurs about an hour (2-3 hours) after the onset of sleep. It happens habang natutulog si patient. ❖ Chest pain ➢ Kapag hindi na kaya supplyan ng collateral blood vessels yung puso maglead ito sa chest pain because 4