Title 7.2. Pathways in Causal Diagram Part 2.pdf ✅

pacmann.io © 2022 – Pacmann AI 16 Example: Effect of Wine on Lifespan ● Causal Diagram of the effect of wine consumption on lifespan. ○ Treatment: Wine ○ Outcome: Lifespan ● U1 is unobserved variables that might affect Income and Health
pacmann.io © 2022 – Pacmann AI 17 Example: Effect of Wine on Lifespan ● To list all paths, start from the treatment ● Follow the arrows that come out of treatment to other variable Paths we will see ○ Wine → Lifespan ○ Wine → Drugs → Lifespan
pacmann.io © 2022 – Pacmann AI 18 Example: Effect of Wine on Lifespan ● Next, follow the arrows that come in of treatment to other variable Paths we will see ○ Wine ← Income → Lifespan ○ Wine ← Income ← U1 → Health → Lifespan A loop are not paths! ● Wine ← Income → U1 → Health → Wine
pacmann.io © 2022 – Pacmann AI 19 Example: Effect of Wine on Lifespan ● Next, follow the arrows that come in of treatment to other variable Paths we will see ○ Wine ← Income → Lifespan ○ Wine ← Income ← U1 → Health → Lifespan ○ Wine ← Health → Lifespan ○ Wine ← Health ← U1 → Income → Lifespan Loops are not paths! ● Wine ← Health→ U1 → Income → Wine