Title RECALLS 5 (NP4) SC ✅

3 | Page D. “I will report muscle pain or dark urine immediately.” Situation: You are a medical-surgical nurse assigned to a unit that frequently manages clients with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Your responsibilities include patient education, medication administration, perioperative management, and monitoring for complications related to insulin therapy and blood glucose imbalance. 31. Which set of characteristics is most commonly associated with Type 1 diabetes mellitus? A. Lean body type, younger age, presence of ketones in the urine B. Overweight body type, younger age, absence of ketones in the urine C. Lean older adult with persistent glycosuria D. Overweight adult with ketonuria 32. Which individual has the greatest risk for developing Type 2 diabetes mellitus? A. A 6-year-old child recovering from a viral illness with a family history of diabetes B. A 28-year-old male with a body mass index (BMI) of 49 C. A 76-year-old woman with a long-standing history of heart disease D. None of the above 33. A 36-year-old man is newly diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which management approach is most likely to be initiated first? A. Lifestyle modification including diet and physical activity B. Oral metformin taken twice daily C. Subcutaneous regular insulin therapy D. No treatment is necessary at this stage 34. Which statement accurately describes insulin use in Type 2 diabetes? A. Insulin and oral medications are routinely used B. Insulin may be required during surgery or illness C. Insulin is never taken by Type 2 diabetics D. Oral medications are always first-line 35. A Type 2 diabetic presents with blurry vision, glycosuria, poor wound healing, and ketones in urine. Which sign is least consistent with Type 2 diabetes? A. Blurry vision B. Ketones in urine C. Glycosuria D. Poor wound healing 36. A newly diagnosed Type 2 diabetic demonstrates improper insulin administration technique. Which action requires re- education? A. Massaging the site after injection B. Injecting into thigh fat C. Rotating injection sites D. Engaging the safety shield after injection 37. A patient taking insulin reports fasting blood glucose levels consistently above 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) every morning for the past five days. What is the most appropriate initial action the nurse should advise? A. Increase the evening insulin dose to prevent the dawn phenomenon. B. Switch to a single-dose regimen using intermediate- acting insulin. C. Check blood glucose at bedtime, between 2:00–4:00 AM, and upon waking. D. Decrease the evening insulin dose to avoid nocturnal hypoglycemia and the Somogyi effect. 38. A client’s blood glucose readings show normal levels at bedtime, low glucose around 2:00 AM, and high glucose upon waking in the morning. Which condition is the client most likely experiencing? A. Dawn phenomenon B. Somogyi effect C. Insulin spike D. Excessive corticosteroid use 39. Which type of insulin is safe and effective for intravenous administration? A. NPH B. Lantus C. Humulin R D. Novolog 40. A patient asks about mixing Humulin R and NPH insulin. Which is correct? A. Cannot be mixed; use separate syringes B. Draw up Humulin R first, then NPH C. Split NPH and Humulin R doses D. Draw up NPH first, then Humulin R Situation: You are caring for patients with endocrine disorders. Monitoring for fluid balance, electrolyte imbalances, and hormone replacement therapy is essential. Some patients may present with sudden changes due to hormone overproduction or deficiency. 41. A patient is brought to the emergency department with altered mental status and cannot give a history. The family reports that the patient has gained over 10 pounds in the past week, mostly “water weight,” has not eaten or urinated recently, and has a history of small cell lung cancer. On assessment, the patient’s HR is 115 bpm, BP 180/92 mmHg, and serum sodium is 90 mEq/L. Which condition is most likely? A. Diabetes Insipidus B. SIADH C. Addison’s Disease D. Fluid Volume Deficit 42. A male patient with SIADH is being treated in the hospital. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate? A. Encourage rapid infusion of IV fluids B. Restrict fluid intake C. Administer glucose-containing IV fluids as ordered D. Encourage increased oral fluid intake 43. Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of Diabetes Insipidus? A. Polyuria B. Polydipsia C. Polyphagia D. Extreme thirst 44. Why is vasopressin administered to patients with Diabetes Insipidus? A. To decrease water reabsorption in the kidneys B. To increase water reabsorption in the kidneys C. To increase insulin secretion D. To decrease glucose production in the liver 45. A male patient with primary Diabetes Insipidus is being discharged on desmopressin (DDAVP). Which instruction should the nurse emphasize? A. "You don’t need to monitor fluid intake and output after starting desmopressin." B. "You may need to avoid using nasal desmopressin if you have nasal congestion or discharge." C. "This condition isn’t chronic, so you won’t need a medical ID bracelet." D. "Always administer desmopressin while the suspension is cold." 46. A patient with Addison’s Disease is being discharged on prednisone. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for re-education? A. “I will notify the doctor if I become ill or face extra stress.” B. “I will take this medication only when symptoms appear.” C. “I will take this medication at the same time every day.” D. “I cannot stop this medication abruptly.” 47. Which diet is most appropriate for a patient with Addison’s Disease? A. High fat and fiber B. Low potassium and high protein C. High protein, high carbohydrates, and adequate sodium D. Low carbohydrate, high protein, and increased sodium 48. What is the priority nursing intervention for a patient in Addisonian crisis? A. Controlling hypertension B. Preventing irreversible shock C. Preventing infection D. Relieving anxiety