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Study Guide General Science Unit 7: Chemistry in History and Daily Life Lesson 2 Chemistry in Personal Care Products Table of Contents Introduction 1 Learning Competency 2 Learning Targets 2 Learn About It 2 Chemical Substances in Personal Care Products 3 Reading and Interpreting Product Labels 4 Environmental and Health Considerations 6 Key Points 7 Attribution 8 References 8 Sadasdasdas
Unit 7: Chemistry in History and Daily Life 2 Chemistry in Personal Care Products Figure 1. A variety of personal care products—how much do you know about what’s inside them? Introduction Personal care products like shampoos, soaps, and toothpaste are part of daily life, yet few people consider the chemistry behind them. The substances listed on product labels play specific roles in ensuring hygiene, comfort, and safety. Understanding the chemical composition of these items helps consumers make informed and responsible choices. Advances in chemistry have allowed manufacturers to design products that are both effective and environmentally safer. This lesson examines how everyday chemistry improves personal care while highlighting the importance of knowing what goes into the products we 7.2. Chemistry in Personal Care Products 1

Unit 7: Chemistry in History and Daily Life by preventing infections and promoting skin and oral care. Chemical Substances in Personal Care Products Each personal care product contains a mixture of chemical compounds designed for specific functions. These compounds can be broadly classified into several categories. Active ingredients are those primarily responsible for the product’s effect, such as fluoride in toothpaste or triclosan in antibacterial soap. Fillers provide bulk or improve consistency, such as water or alcohol. Fragrances and colorants enhance the product’s appeal, while preservatives such as parabens prevent microbial growth and extend shelf life. Many products also contain conditioners and moisturizers like glycerin, oils, or silicones to maintain skin and hair softness. Understanding these categories helps in evaluating the safety and necessity of each component. Table 1. Chemical Compounds in Personal Care Products by Category Category of Compound Examples Active Ingredients Fluoride, triclosan Fillers Water, alcohol Fragrances and Colorants Synthetic fragrances, dyes Preservatives Parabens, EDTA Conditioners and Moisturizers Glycerin, natural oils, silicones Cleansing agents are among the most important substances in personal care products. Surfactants, such as sodium lauryl sulfate, lower water’s surface tension, allowing dirt and oil to mix with water and rinse away. Moisturizers like glycerin and panthenol help retain water in skin and hair, preventing dryness. Antimicrobial agents such as triclosan or chlorhexidine reduce bacterial load, ensuring hygienic use. Preservatives like 7.2. Chemistry in Personal Care Products 3