Title TỜ SỐ 07 TEST 02 UNIT 2 HUMANS AND THE ENVIRONMENT.docx ✅

D. in addressing problems related to traffic congestion and pollution Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30. MapMaker: Human Footprint Earth’s human footprint measures the relationship between the human consumption of resources and the number of resources the Earth can supply. Explore our planet and see what areas are most or least impacted. Humans need food, shelter and water to survive. Our planet provides us the resources to help fulfill these needs and many more. But exactly how much of an impact are we making on our planet? And will we reach a point where Earth can no longer support our growing population? Just like a bank account tracks money spent and earned, the relationship between human consumption of resources and the number of resources Earth can supply, our human footprint, can be measured. Our human footprint can be calculated for an individual, town or country, and quantifies the intensity of human pressures on the environment. The Human Footprint map layer aims to do this by deriving a value representing the magnitude of the human footprint per one square kilometer (0.39 square miles) for every biome. This map layer was created by scientists with the Wildlife Conservation Society and Columbia University’s Human Footprint project to highlight where human pressures are most extreme in hopes to reduce environmental damage. The human footprint map asks the question, where are the least influenced, most “wild” parts of the world? The Human Footprint map was produced by combining nine global data layers that spatially visualize what is presumed to be the most prominent ways we influence the environment. These layers include human population pressure (population density), human land use and infrastructure (built-up areas, nighttime lights, land use/land cover), and human access (coastlines, roads, railroads, navigable rivers). Based on the amount of overlap between layers, each square kilometer value is scaled between one and 100 for each biome. Meaning that if an area in a Moist Tropical Forest biome scored a value of one, that square kilometer of land is part of the one percent least influenced/most wild area in its biome. Knowing this, we can help preserve the more wild areas in every biome, while also highlighting where to start mitigating human pressures in areas with high human footprints. [Adapted from https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/mapmaker-human-footprint/] Question 23: Which of the following is NOT MENTIONED as a method used to measure the human footprint in the passage? A. Nighttime lights B. Soil quality C. Roads and railroads D. Population density Question 24: What does the phrase “these needs” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Food, shelter, and water B. Population growth C. Environmental protection D. Human impact on the planet Question 25: What does the following sentence from paragraph 3 mean? "Our human footprint can be calculated for an individual, town or country, and quantifies the intensity of human pressures on the environment." A. Countries with large populations are always the ones with the highest footprint scores. B. Human environmental impact is measurable at both individual and broader levels. C. The human footprint can only be calculated accurately using advanced technology. D. Each person adds equally to the human footprint regardless of where they live. Question 26: The word “prominent” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to: A. surprising B. major C. invisible D. temporary Question 27: The word “mitigating” in paragraph 4 is OPPOSITE in meaning to: A. increasing B. reducing C. observing D. analyzing Question 28: Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. The humancos footprint is calculated only for countries to compare national environmental performance.