Title 41 Tension Members.pdf ✅

PSAD 37: Tension Members Tension members are members subject to axial tension due to applied forces acting through their centroidal axis. Most commonly used sections as tension members include bars, plates, angles, and wide flange sections. Tension members are primarily designed for the following limit states:  Gross Area Yielding  Net Area Rupture  Block Shear 1. Gross Area Yielding This limit state considers yielding in the gross cross-sectional area of the member which is taken along a transverse line (perpendicular to the tensile force) where no holes are present. Allowable Force based on Gross Area Yielding (NSCP 2001) P௔௟௟௢௪ = 0.60F௬A௚ Where: F௬ = member yield strength A௚ = gross cross-sectional area From NSCP 2015: 504.2.1 Nominal Tensile Strength for Gross Area Yielding P௡ = F௬A௚ Where: φ = 0.90 (LRFD) Ω = 1.67 (ASD)

2.1 Net Area Computations Net Area A௡ = ቈB − n௛d௛ + Σ s ଶ 4g቉t Where: B = net width of the member measured perpendicular to the applied force = for angles, shall be taken as sum of the widths of the legs minus the member thickness n௛ = number of bolt holes along the failure path d௛ = effective bolt hole diameter (typically taken as the given bolt hole diameter in board exam problems) = nominal bolt hole diameter + 1.6 mm (NSCP 2001) = nominal bolt hole diameter + 2.0 mm (NSCP 2015) s = pitch = spacing between consecutive bolt holes along the failure path, measured center-to- center and parallel to the applied force g = gage = spacing between consecutive bolt holes along the failure path, measured center-to- center and perpendicular to the applied force t = member thickness For staggered bolt holes in angle sections, the gage for the bolt holes in opposite legs shall be the sum of the gages measured from the back of the angles minus the member thickness.