Title 14. OTC MEDICATION.pdf ✅

PHARMD GURU Page 3 ALLERGY AND COLD PREPARATIONS: Antihistamines only relieve most symptoms associated with allergic rhinitis or hay fever. Chlorpheniramine, brompheniramine, and clemastine cause less drowsiness than diphenyl-hydramine, methapyrilline, pyrilamine, doxylamine, and phentoloxamine. Occasionally symptoms unrelieved by the antihistamine, but they respond to the addition of a sympatho-mimetics. Examples: 1) Chlorpheniramine 4 mg/4-6 hrs; 12 mg/12hrs 2) Brompheniramine 4 mg/4-6hrs; 12 mg/12hrs 3) Clemastine-fumarate 1.34 mg/12hrs 4) Diphenhydramine 25-50mg/4-6hrs 5) Chlorpherniramine (8-12 mg) with phenyl-propanolamine 6) Clemastine-fumarate (1.34 mg) with phenyl-propanolamine (75 mg)/12hrs 7) Triprolidine HCI (2.5 mg) with pseudo-ephedrine (60 mg) ANALGESICS AND ANTIPYRETICS:  There are several product modifications, including the addition of antacid, caffeine, and methapyriline; enteric coated tablets; long-acting or extra-strength formulations; and various mixtures of analgesics.  None have any substantial advantage over a single-Ingredient product.  Acetaminophen lacks any anti-inflammatory activity but is available as a liquid which is used for infants and children. Examples: 1) Aspirin 300-600 mg/ 4-6hrs. 2) Acetaminophen 300-600 mg / 4-6hrs. 3) Ibuprofen 200-400 mg / 46hrs. 4) Naproxen 200 mg / 8-10hrs. 5) Ketoprofen 12.5 mg / 4-6hrs. ANTACIDS: This combination is less likely to cause constipation or diarrhea and offer high neutralizing capacity.
PHARMD GURU Page 4 Example: 1) Magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide combinations. ANTHELMINTIC: Treat all members of the household. Disinfection of linens and environment is required to prevent reinfection. Example: 1) Pyrantel pamoate 11 mg/kg ANTI-DIARRHEAL AGENTS: These drugs turn tongue and stools black. Salicylates are absorbed and can cause tinnitus. Examples: 1) Bismuth subsalicylate 600 mg/4 times daily 2) Loperamide 4 mg initially, then 2 mg after each loose stool, maximum 16 mg/day It is a synthetic opioid that does not penetrate the CNS. Avoid in febrile patients. ANTIFUNGAL TOPICAL PREPARATIONS: Examples: 1) Clotrimazole 1% cream, or 100mg vaginal inserts. 2) Tolnafate use as 1% solution, cream, or powder. 3) Mizonazole nitrate 2% cream, or 100 mg vaginal tablets. Fungicidal are successfully effective for the treatment of tineapedis, tineacruris, and tineacorporis. Clotrimazole and miconazole are also effective against candida albicans. ANTI-INFLAMMATORY TOPICAL PREPARATIONS: Examples: 1) Hydrocortisone 0.5%. 2) Hydrocortisone used as 1% cream or spray.