Title CHUYÊN ĐỀ 13 ĐỘNG TỪ TO V - VING.docx ✅

1 CHUYÊN ĐỀ 13: V-ING VÀ V INFINITIVE (GERUND AND INFINITIVE) ❖ GERUND (V-ING) (DANH ĐỘNG TỪ)1. Cách sử dụng• Là chủ ngữ của câu: dancing bored him. • Bổ ngữ của động từ: her hobby is painting. • Là bổ ngữ: Seeing is believing. • Sau giới từ: He was accused of smuggling. • Sau một vài động từ: avoid, mind, enjoy,... 2. Một số cách dùng khác ✔ V + V-ing+ Những động từ sau được theo sau bởi V-ing:admit, avoid, delay, prevent , enjoy, excuse, consider, deny, finish, imagine, forgive, keep, mind, miss, postpone, practise, resist, risk, propose, detest, dread, resent, pardon, try, fancy, etc. Ví dụ: - He admitted taking the money. (Anh ta thừa nhận đã lấy tiền) - Would you consider selling the property? (Bạn sẽ xem xét bán nhà chứ?) - He kept complaining. (Anh ta vẫn tiếp tục phàn nàn) ✔ V + pre + V-ingV-ing được dùng sau một động từ dùng kèm với giới từapologize for, accuse of, insist on, feel like, congratulate on, suspect of, look forward to, dream of, succeed in, object to, approve/disapprove of, etc. V-ing cũng dùng sau những cụm từ như: Các cụm từ Ý nghĩa - It's no use / it's no good/ there's no point (in) + V-ing - It's (not) worth + V-ing - have difficult (in) + V-ing - It's a waste of time/ money + V-ing - spend/ waste time/money + V-ing - be/ get used to + V-ing = be/ get accustomed to + V- ing - do/ would you mind + V-ing? - be busy with + V-ing - what about + V-ing? how about + V-ing - go + V-ing (go shopping, go swimming...) - vô ích khi làm gì - không xứng đáng - gặp khó khăn khi làm gì - lãng phí thời gian khi làm gì - sử dụng/ lãng phí tiền/ thời gian cho việc gì - quen với việc làm gì - bạn có phiền không nếu làm gì đó - bận rộn làm gì đó - làm việc này thì sao (dùng để đề xuất) - thực hiện việc gì đó với động từ go (đi mua sắm, đi bơi...) vd: It's a waste of time/ money + V-ing => It’s a waste of time playing gamesvd: spend => I spend money going shopping online ❖ INFINITIVE (ĐỘNG TỪ NGUYÊN THỂ)✔ Verb + to V Những động từ sau được theo sau trực tiếp bởi to-infinitive: agree, appear, arrange, attempt, ask, decide, determine, fail, endeavour, happen, hope, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, promise, prove, refuse, seem, tend, threaten, try, volunteer, expect, want,...Ví dụ: - She agreed to pay $50. (Cô ấy đã đồng ý trả 50 đô la) - Two men failed to return from the expedition. (Hai người đàn ông thất bại trở về từ cuộc thám hiểm) - The remnants refused to leave. (Những tàn dư còn lại không được xóa bỏ) - She volunteered to help the disabled. (Cô ấy tình nguyện giúp đỡ người tàn tật) ✔ Verb + how/ what/ when/ where/ which/ why + to VNhững động từ sử dụng công thức này là: ask, decide, discover, find out, forget, know, learn, remember, see, show, think, understand, want to know, wonder... Ví dụ: - He discovered how to open the safe. (Anh ấy phát hiện ra làm thế nào để mở một cách an toàn) - I found out where to buy fruit cheaply. (Tôi đã tìm ra nơi mua hoa quả rẻ) - She couldn't think what to say. (Cô ấy không thể nghĩ ra điều gì để nói) - I showed her which button to press. (Tôi chỉ cho cô ấy phải ấn nút nào) ✔ Verb + Object + to VNhững động từ theo công thức này là: advise, allow, enable, encourage, forbid, force, hear, instruct, invite, order, permit, persuade, request, remind, train, urge, want, tempt...Ví dụ: - These glasses will enable you to see in the dark. (Cái kính này sẽ cho phép bạn nhìn trong bóng tối) - She encouraged me to try again. (Cô ấy khuyến khích tôi thử lại lần nữa) - They forbade her to leave the house. (Họ cấm cô ấy rời khỏi nhà) - They persuaded us to go with them. (Họ đã thuyết phục chúng tôi đi với họ) BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG
2 Exercise 1: Complete the sentences with V-ing or to V-inf.1. I’m not in a hurry. I don’t mind (wait) for you. 2. I always try to avoid (borrow) money from friends. 3. The traffic was very heavy this morning, but I managed (get) to school on time. 4. Could you please stop (make) so much noise? 5. Would you mind (keep) silent? I am trying (study) . 6. They don’t have much money. They can’t afford (go) out very often. 7. My mother can’t stand (stay) at home without doing anything. 8. You must promise (not/be) late again. 9. When I saw her in that funny hat, I couldn’t help (laugh) . 10. They refused (lend) him the money although he needed it badly. Exercise 2: Complete the sentences with V-ing or to V-inf. 1. I arranged (meet) them here. 2. He urged us (work) faster. 3. It is no use (wait) 4. He warned her (not touch) the wire. 5. However, she did not plan (be) a secretary all her life. 6. She couldn’t imagine (do) the same job for years and years. 7. My mother told me (not speak) to anyone about it. 8. He tried (explain) but she refused (listen) . 9. You are expected (know) the safety regulations of the college. 10. That was a very strange question (ask) . Exercise 3: Complete the sentences with V-ing or to V-inf. 1. My father gave up (smoke) three years ago. 2. I have put off (write) the letter so many times. 1 really must do it today. 3. Sarah gave up (try) to find a job in this country and decided (go) abroad. 4. You can’t stop me (do) what I want. 5. How long have you been able (swim) John? 6. Please, don’t forget (post) the letter for me today! It is urgent. 7. The only thing that prevented her from (study) law was a lack of time and money. 8. She often remembered (talk) to her father before he became ill. 9. You must remember (buy) some sugar. We haven’t got any now.10. Don’t forget (wake) me up before six o’clock tomorrow. Exercise 4: Complete each sentence with one of these verbs, remember to put them in correct form. 1. He tried to avoid my question. 2. Could you please stop so much noise. 3. I enjoy to music. 4. I considered for the job but in the end I decided against it. 5. Have you finished your hair yet? 6. If you walk into the road without looking, you risk knocked down. 7. Jim is 65 but he isn’t going to retire yet. He wants to carry on . 8. I don’t mind you the phone as long as you pay for all your calls. 9. Hello! Fancy you here! What a surprise! 10. I have put off the letter so many times. I really must do it today. Exercise 5: Underline the mistake in each sentence and correct it. 1. I couldn’t make my car to start this morning. → 2. I’m sure he isn’t incapable of run a mile in four minutes. → 3. Good friendship should be based on mutual understand. → 4. I’m delighted hearing that you have made much progress in your study. →

4 2. “Come and see me when you want” he said to us (invite) → 3. “Please don’t smoke in my room” she said to them (ask) → 4. “Let’s have a party this weekend” he said (suggest) → 5. “I am sorry, I didn't phone you earlier” Mary said to me (apologize) → 6. “It is nice of you to help me, thank you Mike” Bob said (thank) → 7. “Yes, okay. I’ll lend you my car” Peter said to Ann (agree) → 8. “You told a lie, Tom” she said (accuse) → 9. “I won’t help you with your homework” Jane said to me (refuse) → 10. “You wear a suit when you come to my party” Susan said to me (insist) → Exercise 9: Choose the correct answers. 1. it several times, he didn’t want to read it once again. A. Reading B. To read C. To have read D. Having read 2. that he was poor, I offered to pay his fare. A. Knowing B. Known C. Knew D. Having knew3. I hate a child A. see/ crying B. see/cry C. seeing/ to cry D. seeing/ cry 4. The old man accused the boys 2 glasses of his. A. break B. of breaking C. to break D. breaking 5. He insisted me to the zoo next Sunday A. on take B. to take C. taking D. on taking 6. She offered the flowers every morning if I like. A. watering B. to water C. being watered D. having watered 7. The police accused him of fire to the building but he denied in the area on the night of the fire. A. setting/ being B. setting/ having been C. set/ be D. having set/ having been 8. Someone told us sit on the stairs. A. don’t B. not C. not to D. to not 9. The mother accused her son what he said. A. of not do B. of not to do C. of not doing D. of not to doing 10. The doctor advised him and to take up some sport. A. stop smoke B. stop smoking C. to stop smoking D. to stop to smoke Exercise 10: Choose the correct answers. 1. Professional people expect when it is necessary to cancel an appointment. A. you to call them B. that you would call them C. you calling them D. that you are calling them 2. Jack admitted the money A. steal B. to steal C. stealing D. stolen 3. Don’t him to arrive early. He’s always late. A. think B. judge C. hope D. expect