Title ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT.pdf ✅

PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS https://t.me/upscpsychology PSYCHE-SIMPLIFIED WWW.PSYCHESIMPLIFIED.COM PSYCHOLOGY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT 1. Can achievement motivation be included as a base of training for economic growth and development of a country? Discuss the contribution of McClelland and his team in this context. (B/5a/2012/12) Ans. Achievement motivation can be a powerful driver of economic growth and development for a country. Here's why: Achievement Motivation and Economic Growth:  Entrepreneurship and Innovation: Individuals with high achievement motivation are more likely to take calculated risks, set ambitious goals, and persevere in the face of challenges. This fosters a spirit of entrepreneurship, leading to the creation of new businesses, innovation, and job creation.  Increased Productivity: Employees driven by achievement tend to be more productive, putting in extra effort to achieve their goals. This translates to higher output and economic growth at the national level.  Improved Work Ethic: A strong achievement culture encourages a dedicated work ethic and a focus on continuous improvement. This leads to a more competitive workforce and attracts foreign investment. McClelland's Theory of Needs and Economic Development: David McClelland and his colleagues played a significant role in highlighting the importance of achievement motivation for economic development. Their work focused on three key needs:  Need for Achievement (nAch): This is the desire for excellence, personal accomplishment, and mastery of skills. Societies with a high nAch score tend to exhibit higher economic growth rates.  Need for Affiliation (nAff): This is the desire for social connection and belonging. While important for social cohesion, nAff can sometimes hinder achievement motivation if it prioritizes group harmony over individual initiative.  Need for Power (nPow): This is the desire to influence others and achieve dominance. While a healthy level of nPow can be beneficial for leadership, excessive need for power can lead to self-serving behaviors and hinder collaboration. McClelland's research suggested that countries with a higher average nAch score tend to have faster economic growth. This sparked interest in understanding and potentially fostering achievement motivation within a society. Criticisms and Considerations:  Cultural Differences: The concept of achievement motivation may vary across cultures. What constitutes "achievement" may differ, and some cultures may prioritize social harmony or security over individual ambition.