Title TEST 4 U10 GB11 - GV.docx ✅

UNIT 10 – ECOSYSTEM TEST 4 A-LISTENING Task 1: Listen carefully to the recording and fill in the blanks with NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS: (1)BIODIVERSITY is a term used to describe the variety of life on Earth, including the different species of plants, animals, and microorganisms that inhabit our planet. One of the most diverse ecosystems on Earth is the (2)TROPICAL FOREST, which is home to more than half of all the world's species. They are also important carbon sinks, absorbing vast amounts of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and helping to mitigate the effects of climate change. Moreover, (3)NATION PARKS also play a critical role in maintaining natural balance, especially in tropical regions where deforestation and habitat loss are major threats. By preserving large areas of land and the ecosystems within them, they provide a haven for many species, including (4) MAMMALS such as tigers, elephants, and gorillas. These animals are not only important for their intrinsic value but also play a vital role in maintaining the health and balance of the (5) ECOSYSTEM. DỊCH Đa dạng sinh học là một thuật ngữ dùng để mô tả sự đa dạng của sự sống trên Trái đất, bao gồm các loài thực vật, động vật và vi sinh vật khác nhau sinh sống trên hành tinh của chúng ta. Một trong những hệ sinh thái đa dạng nhất trên Trái đất là rừng nhiệt đới, nơi sinh sống của hơn một nửa số loài trên thế giới. Chúng cũng là những bể chứa carbon quan trong, hấp thụ lương lớn carbon dioxide từ khí quyển và giúp giảm thiểu tác động của biến đổi khí hậu. Hơn nữa, các vườn quốc gia cũng đóng một vai trò quan trọng trong việc duy trì sự cân bằng tự nhiên, đặc biệt là ở các vùng nhiệt đới, nơi nạn phá rừng và mất môi trường sống là mối đe dọa lớn. Bằng cách bảo tồn những vùng đất rộng lớn và hệ sinh thái bên trong chúng, chúng cung cấp nơi trú ẩn cho nhiều loài, bao gồm cả động vật có vú như hổ, voi và khỉ đột. Những loài động vật này không chỉ quan trọng vì giá trị nội tại mà còn đóng vai trò quan trọng trong việc duy trì sức khỏe và sự cân bằng của hệ sinh thái. Task 2: Listen carefully to the recording and choose the most correct answer for each question below: Ecosystems are fascinating and complex systems that exist all around us. An ecosystem is made up of living organisms, such as plants and animals, as well as their non-living surroundings, like soil, water, and air. These components interact with each other, creating a delicate balance that allows life to thrive. One example of an ecosystem is a forest. In a forest ecosystem, tall trees provide shade and shelter for smaller plants and animals. The trees also capture sunlight through their leaves, which is essential for photosynthesis. This process allows plants to convert sunlight into energy, which is then used by animals that eat the plants or other animals.
Another example of an ecosystem is a coral reef. Coral reefs are underwater structures made up of tiny animals called coral polyps. These polyps live in a symbiotic relationship with algae, which provide them with food through photosynthesis. Coral reefs are home to a diverse range of marine life, including colorful fish, sea turtles, and even sharks! Ecosystems can vary greatly in size and can be found in different environments, such as deserts, grasslands, and even urban areas. They play a crucial role in maintaining the balance of nature and provide important services to humans, such as clean air, fresh water, and food. Ecosystems are fascinating and complex systems that exist all around us. An ecosystem is made up of living organisms, such as plants and animals, as well as their non-living surroundings, like soil, water, and air.(1) These components interact with each other, creating a delicate balance that allows life to thrive. One example of an ecosystem is a forest (4). In a forest ecosystem, tall trees provide shade and shelter for smaller plants and animals. The trees also capture sunlight through their leaves, which is essential for photosynthesis. This process allows plants to convert sunlight into energy, which is then used by animals that eat the plants or other animals.(2) Another example of an ecosystem is a coral reef (4). Coral reefs are underwater structures made up of tiny animals called coral polyps (3). These polyps live in a symbiotic relationship with algae, which provide them with food through photosynthesis. Coral reefs are home to a diverse range of marine life, including colorful fish, sea turtles, and even sharks! Ecosystems can vary greatly in size and can be found in different environments, such as deserts (4), grasslands, and even urban areas. They play a crucial role in maintaining the balance of nature and provide important services to humans, such as clean air, fresh water, and food.(5) Question 1: What is an ecosystem? A. A type of tree and the animals living inside it. B. A system of living organisms and their surroundings. C. A type of coral reef and its biodiversity. D. A body of water and a wide range of marine life inside. Question 2: What is the purpose of photosynthesis in an ecosystem? A. To provide energy for plants and animals. B. To capture flashlight through tree leaves. C. To convert sunlight into food for coral polyps. D. To create shade and shelter for smaller plants and animals. Question 3: What role do coral polyps play in a coral reef ecosystem? A. They provide shade and shelter for smaller plants and animals. B. They capture sunlight through their leaves.
C. They convert sunlight into energy through photosynthesis. D. They are tiny animals that create the structure of the reef. Question 4: According to the recording, which of the following is NOT an example of an ecosystem? A. a forest B. a coral reef C. a fishtank D. a desert Question 5: What services do ecosystems provide to humans? A. Clean air, fresh water, and food. B. Shade, shelter, and sunlight. C. Coral reefs and forests. D. Deserts and grasslands. DỊCH Hệ sinh thái là những hệ thống hấp dẫn và phức tạp tồn tại xung quanh chúng ta. Một hệ sinh thái được tạo thành từ các sinh vật sống, chẳng hạn như thực vật và động vật, cũng như môi trường không sống xung quanh chúng, như đất, nước và không khí. Các thành phần này tương tác với nhau, tạo ra sự cân bằng tinh tế cho phép sự sống phát triển. Một ví dụ về hệ sinh thái là rừng. Trong hệ sinh thái rừng, cây cao cung cấp bóng mát và nơi trú ẩn cho các loài thực vật và động vật nhỏ hơn. Cây cũng thu được ánh sáng mặt trời qua lá, điều này rất cần thiết cho quá trình quang hợp. Quá trình này cho phép thực vật chuyển đổi ánh sáng mặt trời thành năng lượng, sau đó được sử dụng bởi động vật ăn thực vật hoặc động vật khác. Một ví dụ khác về hệ sinh thái là rạn san hô. Rạn san hô là cấu trúc dưới nước được tạo thành từ những động vật nhỏ gọi là polyp san hô. Những polyp này sống cộng sinh với tảo, loại tảo cung cấp thức ăn cho chúng thông qua quá trình quang hợp. Các rạn san hô là nơi sinh sống của nhiều loại sinh vật biển đa dạng, bao gồm các loài cá đầy màu sắc, rùa biển và thậm chí cả cá mập! Các hệ sinh thái có thể khác nhau về kích thước và có thể được tìm thấy ở các môi trường khác nhau, chẳng hạn như sa mạc, đồng cỏ và thậm chí cả khu vực thành thị. Chúng đóng một vai trò quan trọng trong việc duy trì sự cân bằng của thiên nhiên và cung cấp các dịch vụ quan trọng cho con người như không khí sạch, nước ngọt và thực phẩm. B-SPEAKING: Speaking Topic 1: Talk about a time you saw someone do harm to the environment: You should say: - When was that? - Why did you feel that way? - What did you do at that time? And explain your feelings when you saw it. SAMPLE: Last summer, I saw a tourist did harm to the environment when I was on a family vacation at the beach. It was a beautiful day, and we were enjoying a picnic when suddenly, I saw a man throwing a plastic bag full of trash into the ocean. I felt very upset and angry because I knew that plastic waste could harm marine life and pollute the ocean. I also felt sad because it was such a beautiful place, and it was being ruined by someone's careless actions. Therefore. I decided to do something about it. I walked over to the
man and politely told him that he should not throw trash into the ocean. Then, I explained to him how it could harm marine life and asked him to please put it in a trash can instead. The man looked surprised and apologized. He then picked up the plastic bag and threw it in a nearby trash can. I felt relieved and proud of myself for speaking up. It was a small action, but it made a difference. I realized that everyone has a responsibility to protect the environment and that even small actions can make a big impact. Since then, I have been more conscious of my own actions and have tried to reduce my use of plastic and recycle whenever possible. I also try to educate others about the importance of protecting the environment and encourage them to do the same. Speaking Topic 2: Talk about a wild animal that you feel interested in: You should say: - What is that animal? - Why are you interested in it? - When did you see it in real life? And explain what you will do to prevent it from becoming extinct. SAMPLE: The wild animal that I am interested in is the giant panda. It is a black and white bear that is native to central China. I have been fascinated by giant pandas since I was a child. I love their cute and cuddly appearance, and I find it interesting that they only eat bamboo. One of the reasons I am so interested in giant pandas is that they are an endangered species. There are only around 1,800 giant pandas left in the wild, and their population is still declining due to habitat loss and fragmentation. This makes me feel sad and worried about their future. However, I have never seen a giant panda in real life, but I hope to one day visit a panda sanctuary in China. I have seen many documentaries and videos about them, and I have read books about their habits and behaviors. I have also learned about the efforts being made to protect them, such as reforestation, captive breeding programs, and habitat preservation. To prevent giant pandas from becoming extinct, I believe that we all have a role to play. We can start by reducing our carbon footprint and supporting conservation organizations that are working to protect pandas and their habitats. We can also educate others about the importance of protecting endangered species and encourage them to take action. Finally, we can support sustainable tourism and avoid activities that harm the environment, such as littering and illegal hunting. By working together, we can help ensure that giant pandas and other endangered species have a bright future. C-WRITING: Write a short paragraph (150 -200 words) about these topics: “People should pay more attention to maintaining biodiversity in nature.” Do you agree or disagree with that opinion? Why? You should: - Say if you agree or disagree.