Title CHUYÊN ĐỀ 9(CỤM TỪ VÀ MỆNH ĐỀ).docx ✅

Page 1 CHUYÊN ĐỀ : CỤM TỪ VÀ MỆNH ĐỀ CHAPTER 9 : PHRASE AND CLAUSES  CƠ SỞ LÝ THUYẾT CỤM TỪ VÀ MỆNH ĐỀ CHỈ SỰ TƯƠNG PHẢN ( ALTHOUGH/ IN SPITE OF ) 1. Cụm từ chỉ sự tương phản ( mặc dù ) - In spite of / Despite + Danh từ Ngữ danh từ V-ing 2. Mệnh đề chỉ sự tương phản ( mặc dù ) - Although / Even though / Though + S + V Despite the fact that In spite of the fact that Ex: - Despite his laziness, he passed the exam. Ex: - Although he was lazy, he passed the exam. CỤM TỪ VÀ MỆNH ĐỀ CHỈ LÝ DO ( BECAUSE / BECAUSE OF….) : BỞI VÌ 1. Cụm từ chỉ lý do - Because of + Danh từ Due to Ngữ danh từ Owing to V-ing 2. Mệnh đề chỉ lý do - Because / As / Since + S + V , S + V due to the fact that owng to the fact that CỤM TỪ VÀ MỆNH ĐỀ CHỈ MỤC ĐÍCH ( IN ORDER TO / SO THAT…..) 1. Cụm từ chỉ mục đích (not ) to in order (not) to + V 1 (để mà/ để mà ko) so as (not) to 2. Mệnh đề chỉ mục đích so that will /would S + V in order that + S + can / could + V1 may / might Lưu ý : Sau “ want, hope” có tân ngữ -> đem tân ngữ làm chủ từ cho mệnh đề 2 Ex: He gave me his address. He wanted me to contact him => He gave me his address so that I could contact him. CỤM TỪ VÀ MỆNH ĐỀ CHỈ KẾT QUẢ 1. Cụm từ chỉ kết quả a) too….to: quá …không thể S + V + too + adj / adv + To-V S + V + too + adj / adv + for O + To-V b) enough : đủ….để S + be + adj + enough + ( for O ) + to V1 S + V + enough + N + ( for O ) + to V1 2. Mệnh đề chỉ kết quả a) so….that S + V + so + adj / adv + that + S + V S + V + so + adj + a + Nít + that + S+ V S + V + so + many /few + Nnhiều + that + S+ V S + V + so + much / little + N kđđ + that +S + V Đảo ngữ với “ so” S1 + V + so + adj / adv + that + S + V <=> So + adj / adv + V + S1 + that + S + V b) such…that S + V + such + a / an + adj + Nít + that + S + V S + V + such + adj + N nhiều + that + S + V S + V + such + adj + N kđđ + that + S + V - Adj / adv + as / though + S + V
Page 2 CHUYÊN ĐỀ : CỤM TỪ VÀ MỆNH ĐỀ - However + Adj / Adv + S + V - No matter Wh- + ADJ + S + V ( no matter what / how / when / where = whatever / however ) - Despite = in spite of + NP - Although / though / eventhough + Clause CLAUSES OF MANNER WITH (MĐ CHỈ THỂ CÁCH) *AS (như là), AS IF & AS THOUGH(như thể là) 1. Điều không có thật ở hiện tại S + V + as if/ as though + S + V2/Ved Lưu ý: “were” có thể dùng cho tất cả các chủ từ ở MĐ giả định. Ex1: She dresses as if she was/were an actress. Ex2: He talks as though he knew where she was. 2. Điều không có thật ở quá khứ S + Vqk + as if/ as though + S + had + V3/ved Ex: He talked about New York as though he had been there before. *Would rather 1. Giả thiết ở HT hoặc TL: S1 + would rather that + S2 + V2/ed 2. Giả thiết ở Quá Khứ: S1 + would rather that + S2 + had + V3/V-ed Ex1: Mary’s husband doesn’t work in the same office as she does. => Mary would rather that her husband worked in the same office as she does. Ex2: Her husband didn’t go to the office yesterday. => She would rather that her husband had gone to the office yesterday.  BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer. 1. _______ Paul bring the money for our lunch, we'll go right down to the cafeteria. a. Since b. As soon as c. Now that d. Until 2. My mouth is burning! This is_______ spicy food that I don't think I can finish it. a. such b. so c. very d. too 3. Both my books _______ from my room last night. a. were stolen and my wallet b. and my wallet were stolen c. and my wallet was stolen d. were and my wallet was stolen 4. When______ a dictionary, you need to be able to understand the symbols and abbreviations it contains. a. having used b. use c. to use d. using 5. Bats are fascinating_______ have many interesting and amazing qualities. a. animals. Therefore, they b. animals, they c. animals. They d. animal. Because they 6. While_____ to help Tim with his math, I got impatient because he wouldn't pay attention to what I was saying. a. I am trying b. having tried c. I try d. trying 7. _______ extremely bad weather in the moutains, we're no longer considering our skiing trip. a. Due to b. Because c. Since d. Due to the fact that
Page 3 CHUYÊN ĐỀ : CỤM TỪ VÀ MỆNH ĐỀ 8. Emily is motivated to study____ she knows that a good education can improve her life. a. therefore b. because of c. because d. so 9. Sonia broke her leg in two place ______, she had to wear a cast and use crutches for three months. a. Inasmuch as b. Consequently c. For that d. Because 10. Our village had______ money available for education that the schools had to close. a. so little b. such little c. so much d. such much 11. Hundred of species of Hawaiian flowers have become extinct or rare _______ land development and the grazing of wild goats. a. now that b. due to c. because d. for 12. Tom Booth is one the best players in the country. We have won al of our games_____ he joined our team. a. when b. the first c. since d. due to 13. Joe seemed to be in a good mood, _______ he snapped at me angrily when I asked him to join us. a. yet b. so c. for d. and 14. ________ Jan arrives, we will have finished this group project. a. By the time b. Until c. Now that d. Since 15. For the most part, young children spend their time playing, eating, and _______ a lot. a. they sleep b. sleeping c. sleep d. they are sleeping 16. Joan worked in a vineyeard last summer ________ money for school expenses. a. because to earn b. so she earns c. for she earned d. so that she could earn 17. __________ unprepared for the exam, I felt sure I would get a low score. a. Being b. Having c. Because d. Upon 18. Ever since_______ Ted the bad news, he's been avoiding me. a. telling b. told c. I told d. having told 19. ________ my daughter reaches the age of sixteen, she will be able to drive. a. Having b. Since c. one d. Because 20. Matt will enjoy skiing more the next time he goes to Mr. Baker _____ he was had skiing lessons. a. so that b. before c. now that d. and 21. Some people are tall, whereas others are________ a. intelligent b. thin c. short d. large 22. A box is square, whereas_______ a. a rectangle has four sides b. my village has a town square in the centre c. we use envelopes for letters d. a circle is round 23. While some parts of the world get an abundance of rain, others________ a. are warm and humid b. are cold and wet c. get little or none d. get a lot 24. In some nations coffee in the favourite beverage, while_________ a. I like tea b. in has caffeine c. in others it is tea d. tea has caffeine too 25. Some people like cream and sugar in their coffee, while_______ a. others drink hot coffee b. others like it black c. milk is good in coffee, too d. sugar can cause cavities 26. Jack is an interesting storyteller and conversationalist. His brother, on the other hand, ________ a. is a newspaper reporter
Page 4 CHUYÊN ĐỀ : CỤM TỪ VÀ MỆNH ĐỀ b. bores other people by talking about himself c. has four children d. knows a lot of stories, too 27. I can't ride my bicycle ______ there isn't any air in one of the tires. a. despite b. because c. although d. but 28. I got to class on time_______ I had missed by bus. a. even though b. nevertheless c. because d. despite 29. Brian used to bean active person, but now he has to limit his activities_______ problem with his health. a. nevertheless b. because of c. although d. in spite of 30. It should be easy for Bod to find more time to spend with his children_______ he no longer has to work in the evenings and on weekends. a. even though b. now that c. due to d. but 31. Jake is a very good student of languages. His brother Michael, _________ has never been able to master another language. a. therefore b. even though c. whereas d. on the other hand 32. The ancient Aztecs of Mexico had no technology for making tools from metal ____, they had sharp knives and spears made from a stone called obsidian. a. Whereas b. Although c. Nevertheless d. Despite 33. Roberts missed the meeting without a good reason. She had been told that it was critical that she be there. I couldn't want to be in her shoes at work tomorrow. a. despite b. despite the fact that c. even d. however 34. I usually enjoy attending amateur productions in small community theaters. The play we attended last night, _______ was so bad that I wanted to leave after the first act. a. therefore b. however c. whereas d. even though 35. Some snakes are poisonous, _______ other are harmless. a. but b. so c. for d. despite 36. Most 15th century Europeans believed that the world was flat and that a ship could conceivably sail off the end of the earth__________ many sailors of the time refused to venture forth with explorers into unknown waters. a. due to the fact that b. Nevertheless c. Therefore d. Whereas 37. ________ the secret of how to make silk remained inside Asia, Europeans were forced to pay incredibly high sums of money for this mysterious material to be brought over land to Europe. a. Although b. Only if c. Due to d. As long as 38. Ancient Egyptians mummified their dead through the use of chemicals, ______ ancient Peruvians mummfied their dead through natural processes by putting dead bodies in extremely dry desert caves. a. whereas b. because c. even though d. whether or not 39. Some people really enjoy swimming, ________ others are afraid of water. a. while b. or c. despite d. in spite of 40. I was cold and wet________ Bob put on is swimming suit and went to the beach. a. Therefore b. Despite c. Although d. Nevertheless 41. The sky was gray and cloudy________, we went to the beach.