Title 1. P2C1 (প্রাণীর বিভিন্নতা ও শ্রেণিবিন্যাস) with solve.pdf ✅

cÖvYxi wewfbœZv I ‡kÖwYweb ̈vm  Practice Content 2 23. K ̈vUvMwi wK? DËit- K ̈vUvMwi n‡jv †kÖwYweb ̈v‡mi avc, †h wbw`©ó av‡c wewfbœ †Mvôxq cÖvYx ev U ̈v·b Ae ̄’vb K‡i| 24. cwjc Kx? DËit- Cnidaria-i RxebP‡μ wbðj `kv‡K cwjc e‡j| 25. ‡gWzmv Kx? DËit- Cnidaria-i RxebP‡μ mvZviæ `kv‡K ‡gWzmv e‡j| 26. cyÄvwÿ Kx? DËit- Arthropoda c‡e©i cÖvYx‡`i g ͇̄Ki GK †Rvov DËj, Kv‡jv Ask‡K cyÄvwÿ e‡j| 27. ‡g‡mvwMøqv wK? DËit- Chidaria c‡e©i cÖvYxi GwcWvwg©m I M ̈v‡÷avWvwg©m †Kvl ͇̄ii gvSLv‡b †Rwji g‡Zv AvVv‡jv, w ̄’wZ ̄’vcK, A‡Kvlxq ̄ÍiB †g‡mvwMøqv| 28. wb‡WvmvBU wK? DËit- Cnidaria c‡e©i cÖvYxi GwcWvwg©‡m Aew ̄’Z †bgv‡Uvwm÷ enbKvix, wkKvi aiv I AvZ¥iÿvq mvnvh ̈Kvix we‡kl ai‡bi †KvlB wb‡WvmvBU| 29. mvBK¬‡qW AvuBk Kx? DËit- ‡h AvuBk PvKwZi b ̈vq cÖvq †MvjvKvi, wKbviv gm„Y ZvB mvBK¬‡qW AvuBk| 30. wUb‡qW AvuBk wK? DËit- ‡h AvuBk PvKwZi b ̈vq wKš‘ cðvrfvM m~2 K›UKgq ZvB wUb‡qW AvuBk| 31. cø ̈vK‡qW AvuBk wK? DËit- ‡h AvuB‡k GKwU K‡i w·KvYvKvi †emvj ‡cøU _v‡K Ges †cøU †_‡K wZbwU m~2 KuvUv m„wó nq ZvB cø ̈vK‡qW AvuBk| 32. M ̈vb‡qW AvuBk wK? DËit- ‡h AvuBk i¤^m AvKv‡ii ev cvZ AvKv‡ii MVb Øviv MwVZ Ges hv‡`i cÖvšÍ ̧‡jv Nwbófv‡e jvMv‡bv _v‡K ZvB M ̈vb‡qW AvuBk| 33. ‡n‡gvmvK©vj †jR wK? DËit- ‡h ‡j‡Ri cy”Q cvLbvi †kl fv‡Mi dK© ev LÛKvq mgvb gv‡ci nq ZvB †n‡gvmvK©vj †jR| 34. WvBdvBmvK©vj †jR wK? DËit- ‡h ‡j‡Ri †ÿ‡Î c„ôxq I A1⁄4xq cvLbv GKxf‚Z n‡q cy”QcvLbv MwVZ nq A_©vr cy”QLvbv GKwU we›`y‡Z wgwjZ nq ZvB WvBdvBmvKv©j †jR| 35. G‡±v_vwg©K cÖvYx Kx? DËit- ‡hme cÖvYx‡`i †`‡ni ZvcgvÎv cwi‡e‡ki ZvcgvÎvi mv‡_ DVvbvgv K‡i Zv‡`i G‡±v_vwg©K cÖvYx e‡j| 36. G‡Ûv_vwg©K cÖvYx Kx? DËit- ‡hme cÖvYxi †`‡ni ZvcgvÎv cwi‡e‡ki ZvcgvÎvi mv‡_ DVvbvgv K‡i bv A_©vr †hme cÖvYx †`‡n Zvc Drcv`b Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges †`‡ni GKwU wbw`©ó ZvcgvÎv eRvq ivL‡Z cv‡i Zv‡`i G‡Ûv_vwgK© cÖvYx e‡j| 37. U‡Uvwbg Kv‡K e‡j? DËit- ‡Kv‡bv Rx‡ei weÁvbm¤§Z bv‡gi MY I cÖRvwZi bvg hw` GKB c` w`‡q ˆZwi nq Zv‡K U‡Uvwbg e‡j| 38. cwjgiwdRg Kv‡K e‡j? DËit- RxebP‡μ GKB Rx‡ei GKvwaK iƒc Dcw ̄’Z _vK‡j H NUbv‡K cwjgiwdRg e‡j| 39. ev‡qvg Kv‡K e‡j? DËit- GKB ai‡bi Rjevqy GKB ai‡bi f‚wg GKB RvZxq ˆewkó ̈ m¤úbœ DwTM¢` I cÖvYx wb‡q MwVZ c„_K‡hvM ̈ I e„nr B‡Kvwm‡÷g‡K ev‡qvg e‡j| 40. ICZN wK? DËit- we‡k¦i cÖvK...wZK cwi‡ek msiÿYKvix GKwU AvšÍR©vwZK AivR‰bwZK msMVb| 41. ICZN Gi c~Y©iƒc wjL| DËit- International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 42. AcÖwZmvg ̈ Kv‡K e‡j? DËit- hLb †Kv‡bv cÖvwY‡`n‡K Aÿ ev †`nZj eivei †K‡U m`„k mgvb As‡k fvM Kiv hvq bv ZLb Zv‡K AcÖwZmvg ̈ e‡j| 43. e× i3 msenbZš¿ Kx? DËit- ‡h msenbZ‡š¿ i3 me©`v bvwji wfZi w`‡q cÖevwnZ nq Ges KLbI wUmy ̈-‡Kv‡li ms ̄ú‡k© Av‡m bv Zv‡K e× i3 msenbZš¿ e‡j| 44. gy3 i3msenbZš¿ Kx? DËit- ‡h msenbZ‡š¿ i3 bvwjKve× bv †_‡K GKmgq mvBbvm ev †`nMne‡i Qwo‡q c‡o Ges wUmy ̈ †Kv‡li cÖZ ̈ÿ ms ̄ú‡k© Av‡m Zv‡K gy3 msenbZš¿ e‡j| 45. b‡UvKW© Kv‡K e‡j? DËit- ‡g‡mvWvg© DTM¢‚Z †Kvl w`‡q MwVZ åƒYve ̄’vq ev AvRxeb †`‡ni c„ô ga ̈‡iLv eivei Aew ̄’Z wKQzUv bgbxq, w ̄’wZ ̄’vcK wQ`ahy3 `Û‡K b‡UvKW© e‡j| 46. Rxe‰ewP‡Î ̈i nU ̄úU Kx? DËit- ‡h A‡j cÖRvwZMZ ˆewPÎ ̈ †ewk †h AÂj‡K Rxe‰ewP‡Î ̈i nU ̄úU e‡j| Abyavebg~jK cÖ‡kœi DËi 1. wØ ̄Íix cÖvYx ej‡Z wK eyS? DËit ‡hŠb RbbKvix eû‡Kvlx cÖvYxi RvB‡MvU wefvwRZ n‡q wb‡iU giæjv I duvcv eøv÷zjv `kv AwZμg K‡i wØ ̄Íix ev wÎ ̄Íix M ̈v÷ayjv‡Z cwibZ nq| åƒY ̄Íi cÖvYxi cÖv_wgK †kÖwYweb ̈v‡m we‡kl f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i| †hgb cÖvYxi 僇Y G‡±vWvg© I G‡ÛvWvg© bvgK `ywU ̄Íi we` ̈gvb _vK‡j Zv‡`i wØ ̄Íix cÖvYx e‡j| Cnidaria c‡e©i cÖvYx wØ- ̄Íix| 2. U ̈vM‡gvwmm ej‡Z wK eyS| DËit Arthropoda c‡e©i cÖvYx‡`i †`n evwn ̈Kfv‡e LÛvwqZ n‡jI AwaKvsk ‡ÿ‡ÎB LÛ ̧‡jv my ̄úó bq eis G‡ÿ‡Î wKQz LÛK GK‡Î wgwjZ n‡q †`‡n mywbw`©ó K‡qKwU Kvh©Kwi AÂj m„wó K‡i| Giƒc cÖwZwU AÂj‡K U ̈vMgv e‡j| Arthropoda †`i †`‡n LÛ ̧‡jvi Giæc AÂjxKiY‡K Tagmatization ev AÂjvqb e‡j| †h weeZ©wbK cÖwμqvq cÖvwY‡`‡n AÂjvqb m¤úbœ nq Zv‡K U ̈vM‡gvwmm e‡j| 3. U ̈v‡·v‡bvwgK nvqvivwK© ej‡Z wK eyS? DËit ‡Kv‡bv cavYx‡K †kÖwYweb ̈vm ͇̄ii †h †Kv‡bv av‡c ̄’vcb Ki‡j †mwU †h bvg cÖvß nq Zv‡K H cÖvYxi U ̈v·b e‡j| K ̈v‡ivjvm wjwbqvm cÖvYx †kÖwYweb ̈v‡mi cÖavb `yBwU ̄Íi eY©bv K‡i‡Qb| eZ©gv‡b cÖvYx †kÖwYweb ̈v‡m mvZwU avc e ̈envi Kiv nq| †kÖwYweb ̈v‡mi mgq cÖvYx‡`i wewfbœ †kÖwYwefvM av‡c mvRv‡bv‡K †kÖwYwefvM c`‡mvcvb ev U ̈v‡·v‡bvwgK nvqvivwK© e‡j| 4. AMÖvwaKvi AvBb ej‡Z wK eyS? DËi: ICZN G ewY©Z AMÖvwaKvi AvBb cÖvYxi bvgKi‡Yi we‡kl ̧iæZ¡c~Y© Ges eû weZwK©Z wKQz avivi mgš^‡q cÖYxZ n‡q‡Q I AvBb Abyhvqx bvgKi‡Yi wbqvgvbymv‡i †`qv †Kv‡bv bvg‡K B”Qv gvwdK cwieZ©b Kiv hv‡e bv| GKwU cÖvYxi †h bvgB M„nxZ bvg e‡j we‡ewPZ n‡e †hwU cÖ_‡g eY©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q| hw` †Kv‡bv MY ev cÖRvwZi GKvwaK bvg †`qv _v‡K Zvn‡j Zvi cÖ_g bvgwU ˆea n‡e| Ab ̈ ̧‡jv Rywbqi wm‡bvwbg wn‡m‡e evwZj e‡j MY ̈ n‡e| AMÖvwaKvi AvBb cÖ‡hvR ̈ n‡e- (K) c~Y©v1⁄2 cÖvYxi bvgKi‡Yi c~‡e© hw` cÖvYxi †`‡ni †Kv‡bv As‡ki bvgKiY Kiv nq| (L) †Kv‡bv cÖRvwZi wewfbœ Rby, ˆ`wbK MVb, cwieZ©bkxj `kv wKsev †hŠb Ae ̄’v‡K hw` wewfbœ bv‡g bvgKiY Kiv nq| A_ev (r) 1931 mv‡ji c~‡e© hw` †Kv‡bv RxweZ cÖvYxi bvgKiY Kiv nq|
cÖvYxi wewfbœZv I ‡kÖwYweb ̈vm  Practice Content 3 5. ‡gUvgvwiRg ej‡Z wK eyS? DËi: cÖvwY‡`‡n G‡±vWvg© I †g‡mvWvg© DTM¢‚Z m`„k GKvwaK L‡Ûi ‰iwLK ev Aby‰`wN©K cybive„wˇK †gUvgvwiRg e‡j| Giƒc cÖvwY‡`‡ni cÖwZwU Ask‡K LÛ ev Segment e‡j| cÖvwYRM‡Zi g‡a ̈ A ̈vwbwjWv c‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z cÖ_g †gUvgvwiRg cwijwÿZ nq| †gUvgvwiRg cÖK...Z ev AcÖK...Z n‡Z cv‡i| A ̈vwbwjWv c‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z cÖK...Z †gUvgvwiRg wKš‘ †mm‡UvW (wdZvK...wg) RvZxq cÖvwY‡`i AcÖK...Z †gUvgvwiRg †`Lv hvq| 6. wRbMZ ˆewPÎ ̈ ej‡Z wK eyS? DËi: wRbMZ wfbœZvi Kvi‡Y hLb GKB cÖRvwZi m`m ̈‡`i g‡a ̈ ‰ewPÎ ̈ m„wó nq, Zv‡K wRbMZ ˆewPÎ ̈ e‡j| G‡ÿ‡Î cÖRvwZ‡Z †im, RvZ BZ ̈vw`i m„wó nq| †hgb- we‡k¦i mKj gvbyl Homo sapiens cÖRvwZfz3 n‡jI c„w_exi wewfbœ ̄’v‡b Gi Negroid, Mongloid, Coucasoid BZ ̈vw` ‡im †`Lv hvq| †ikg †cvKv, avb, Mg, Bÿz BZ ̈vw` Rxe GKB cÖRvwZ‡Z GKvwaK RvZ †`Lv hvq| cÖRvwZ‡Z wR‡bi A ̈vwjj wfbœZvi Kvi‡Y wRbMZ ˆewPÎ ̈ m„wó nq| 7. cÖRvwZMZ ˆewPÎ ̈ ej‡Z wK eyS? DËi: wfbœ cÖRvwZi cÖvwY‡`i g‡a ̈ we` ̈gvb ‰ewPÎ ̈‡K cÖRvwZMZ ˆewPÎ ̈ e‡j| KL‡bvB `ywU cÖRvwZi cÖvYx GKiKg nq bv| GKB MYfz3 cÖRvwZi g‡a ̈I †μv‡gv‡mvg msL ̈v I Avw1⁄2K MV‡b h‡_ó cv_©K ̈ †`Lv hvq| †hgb: evN I wmsn GKB M‡Yi AšÍf©~3 nIqvi c‡iI Zv‡`i g‡a ̈I h‡_ó cv_©K ̈ †`Lv hvq| ev ̄‘Z‡š¿ we` ̈gvb mKj cÖRvwZ Zv‡`i mywbw`©ó Kv‡Ri gva ̈‡g ev ̄‘Z‡š¿i Awew”Qbœ Dcv`vb wn‡m‡e _v‡K| 8. ev ̄‘Zvwš¿K ˆewPÎ ̈ ej‡Z wK eyS? DËi: c„w_exi wewfbœ A‡j wfbœ wfbœ Rjevqyi mv‡_ RxeRM‡Zi wg_w®Œqvq wfbœ wfbœ cwi‡ekxq GKK ev ev‡qvg m„wó nq| cÖwZwU ev‡qv‡g wbR ̄^ ˆewkó ̈gwÛZ ˆewPÎ ̈gq cÖvwYRMZ i‡q‡Q| wewfbœ ev‡qv‡g we` ̈gvb cÖvwYRM‡Zi ˆewPÎ ̈‡K ev ̄‘Zvwš¿K ˆewPÎ ̈ e‡j| ev ̄‘Zvwš¿K ˆewP‡Î ̈i Kvi‡Y Zz›`av A‡j mv`v fvjøyK Ges ebf‚wg A‡j Kv‡jv fvjøyK †`Lv hvq| 9. cÖRvwZ ˆewPÎ ̈ m~PK ej‡Z wK eyS? DËi: K‡qKwU m~PK Øviv †Kv‡bv ̄’v‡bi cÖvYxi cÖRvwZi ˆewPÎ ̈ cwigvc Kiv nq| G‡`i‡K cÖRvwZi ˆewPÎ ̈ m~PK e‡j| cÖRvwZi ˆewPÎ ̈ cwigvc Kivi me©vwaK e ̈eüZ m~PK n‡jv wm¤úmb WvBfviwmwU Bb‡W· G‡K D:  2 (n/ N) Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq| †hLv‡b n n‡jv †Kv‡bv wbw`©ó cÖvYxi cÖRvwZi msL ̈v, N n‡jv cÖvYx cÖRvwZi mgvnvi I D n‡jv cÖvYx ˆewP‡Î ̈i gvb| D Gi gvb O †_‡K G ch©šÍ nq| †Kv‡bv ̄’v‡bi D Gi gvb hZ †ekx cÖvYx ˆewPÎ ̈ ZZ †ekx| 10. A1⁄2 -Zš¿ gvÎvi cÖvYx ej‡Z wK eyS? DËi: G‡ÿ‡Î cÖvYxi †`‡n we` ̈gvb Kjv I A1⁄2 ̧‡jv mw¤§wjZfv‡e A1⁄2- Zš¿ MVb K‡i| cÖvYxi k¦mb, †iPb, cwicvK, msenb, cÖRbb BZ ̈vw` Kvh©vewj mywbw`©ó A1⁄2-Z‡š¿i gva ̈‡g msNwUZ nq| D`vniY: Nemotoda, Annelida, Mollusca, Arthropoda, Chordata, Echinodermata c‡e©i mKj cÖvYx| 11. cÖK...Z wm‡jvghy3 cÖvYx ej‡Z wK eyS? DËi: åƒYxq Ae ̄’vq Ime cÖvYxi eøv‡÷vwmj †g‡mvWvg©vj †Kvl Øviv c~Y© _v‡K Ges A‡š¿i Pviw`‡K GKwU wb‡iU eÜbx ˆZwi K‡i| cwiYZ cÖvYx‡Z G‡`i †`n Mnei †g‡mvWvg©vj †cwi‡Uvwbqvg AveiY Øviv Ave„Z _v‡K| G‡`i †`ncÖvPxi I †cŠwóKbvwj msjMœ AveiY‡K h_vμ‡g c ̈vivBUvj I wf‡mivj AveiYx e‡j| D`vniY: Mollusca, Annelida, Chordata c‡e©i cÖvYx| 12. wØ ̄Íix I wÎ ̄Íix cÖvYxi g‡a ̈ cv_©K ̈ wK wK? DËi: wØ ̄Íix I wÎ ̄Íix cÖvYxi g‡a ̈ cv_©K ̈ wb¤œiƒc: wØ ̄Íix cÖvYx wÎ ̄Íix cÖvYx 1. cÖvYxi åƒYxq Ae ̄’vq G‡±vWvg© I G‡ÛvWvg© bvgK `ywU †Kvl ̄Íi _v‡K| 1. cÖvYxi åƒYxq Ae ̄’vq G‡±vWvg© †g‡mvWvg© I G‡ÛvWvg© bvgK wZbwU ̄Íi _v‡K 2. †g‡mvwMøqv we` ̈gvb 2. †g‡mvwMøqv _v‡K bv 3. åƒY ͇̄ii †Kvl ̧‡jv cwiYZ cÖvYx‡Z †Kvb A1⁄2 ev Zš¿ MVb K‡i bv 3. åƒY ͇̄ii †Kvl ̧‡jv cwiYZ cÖvYx‡Z mywbw`©ó Kjv, Zš¿ I A1⁄2 MVb K‡i 4. cÖvYx‡`‡n ‡bgv‡Uvwm÷ we` ̈gvb 4. cÖvYx‡`‡n †bgv‡Uvwm÷ _v‡K bv 5. †`n Mnei wm‡j‡›Uib 5. †`n Mnei wm‡jvg 13. cÖRvwZi ˆewkó ̈ wK? DËi: cÖRvwZi ˆewkó ̈ ̧‡jv n‡jv: K) cÖwZwU cÖRvwZ Avcb ˆewk‡ó ̈ ̄^Zš¿ ̈| L) cÖRvwZ GKwU Awfbœ wRb fvÛv‡ii Avavi hv‡Z wR‡bi gy3 cÖevn Aÿzbœ _v‡K| M) cÖwZwU cÖRvwZ mswkøó cwi‡e‡k Awf‡hvwRZ nIqvi Rb ̈ m`v cÖ‡PóviZ _v‡K| N) cÖRvwZi m`m ̈iv ci ̄ú‡ii g‡a ̈ wRb wewbg‡q mÿg| O) cÖwZwU cÖRvwZiB bZzb cÖRvwZ m„wói ÿgZv i‡q‡Q| 14. mwc©j KcvwUKv ej‡Z wK eyS? DËi: Chordrichtyes ‡kÖwYi cÖvYxi A‡š¿i wgDKvmhy3 AveiYx fuvR †L‡q we‡kl AvKv‡ii mwc©j cu ̈vPv‡bv Ask MVb K‡i| GB cu ̈vPv‡bv Ask‡K mwc©j KcvwUKv ev ̄Œj fvj¦ e‡j| 15. ek©vdjK cÖvYx ej‡Z wK eyS? DËi: Dcce© Cephalochordata †`i mvaviYZ ek©vdjK cÖvYx ejv nq| G Dcc‡e©i gvÎ GKwU MYfy3 33wU cÖRvwZ †h ̧‡jv we‡k¦i wewfbœ DcK‚‡ji evwjgq Zj‡`‡k evm K‡i| †giæ`Ûx cÖvYxi weeZ©‡bi GKwU D‡jøL‡hvM ̈ wb‡`©kK wn‡m‡e cÖvwYweÁv‡b G‡`i‡K ̧iæZ¡mnKv‡i Aa ̈qb Kiv nq| cÖv_wgK eY©bvq G‡`i‡K Amphioxus wn‡m‡e D‡jøL Kiv n‡jI cieZ©x‡Z AMÖvwaKvi AvB‡bi Kvi‡Y Giv Brachiostoma bvg aviY K‡i| 16. U ̈v·b ej‡Z wK eyS? DËi: ‡kÖwYe× Kivi mgq cÖvYx‡`i wewfbœ ͇̄i ev av‡c ̄’vcb Kiv nq Gme ̄Íi‡K ‡kawYweb ̈vm ̄Íi e‡j| †Kv‡bv cÖvYx‡K †kÖwYweb ̈v‡mi ͇̄ii †h †Kv‡bv av‡c ̄’vcb Ki‡j †mwU †h bvg cÖvß nq, Zv‡K H cÖvYxi U ̈v·b (GKePb Taxon; eûePb Taxa) e‡j| 17. wØc` bvgKiY ej‡Z wK eyS? DËi: Rx‡ei bvgKi‡Yi AvšÍRvwZ©K wbqgvbyhvqx MY I cÖRvwZ bv‡gi `ywU c` e ̈envi K‡i cÖvYxi †h bvgKiY Kiv nq ZvB wØc` bvgKiY| Gfv‡e m„ó bvg‡K cÖvYxi ˆeÁvwbK bvg ejv nq| myBwWk weÁvbx K ̈v‡ivjvm wjwbqvm 1758 mv‡j wØc` bvgKiY c×wZi cÖeZ©b K‡i| GB Abyqvqx gvby‡li ˆeÁvwbK bvg Homo sapiens L; ‡hLv‡b Homo MY, sapiens cÖRvwZ bv‡gi wb‡`©kK Ges L wjwbqv‡mi bv‡gi Av` ̈ÿi| 18. cÖvYx †kÖwYweb ̈v‡mi wfwË wK wK? DËi: wKQz my ̄úó I Abb ̈ ˆewk‡ó ̈i Dci wfwË K‡i cÖvYx‡`i †kÖwYe× Kiv nq| †hme ˆewkó ̈‡K cÖvavb ̈ w`‡q cÖvYxi †kÖwYweb ̈vm Kiv nq †hme ‰ewkó ̈‡K cÖvYxi †kÖwYweb ̈v‡mi wfwË we‡ePbv Kiv nq| cÖvYx †kÖwYweb ̈v‡mi cÖavb wfwËmg~n wb¤œiƒc : K) msMVb gvÎv Q) †`n Aÿ I Zj L) cÖwZmvg ̈ R) wm‡jvg M) LÛKvqb S) wK¬‡fR I cwiùzUb N) AÂjvqb T) åƒYxq ̄Íi O) Dcv1⁄2 U) b‡UvKW© P) cÖvwšÍKZv V) †giæ`Û
cÖvYxi wewfbœZv I ‡kÖwYweb ̈vm  Practice Content 4 19. cÖvwYRM‡Zi cÖwZmvg ̈Zvi myweav wK wK? DËi: cÖvwYRM‡Zi cÖwZmvg ̈Zvi myweav wb¤œiƒc: (i) wØcvk©xq cÖwZmvg ̈Zv cÖvYxi g ̄ÍKvq‡bi mv‡_ RwoZ A_©vr G‡`i †`‡ni m¤§yL cÖvšÍ we‡klvwqZ n‡q g ̄ÍK MVb K‡i †hLv‡b ̄œvqy, ms‡e`x I Lv` ̈ MÖnYKvix A1⁄2mg~‡ni †K›`axKiY m¤úbœ nq| (ii) wØcvk©xq cÖwZmvg ̈Zv cÖvYxi ‡`‡ni wewfbœ A‡ji Ggb GKwU AvK...wZ cÖ`vb K‡i hv‡Z Giv GKwU w`‡K `aæZ Pj‡Z cv‡i| (iii) Aixq cÖwZmg ̈Zv cÖvYxi Lv` ̈ msMÖn I cÖwZiÿvq mnvqZv K‡i| 20. LÛKvq‡bi ̧iæZ¡ wjL| DËi: cÖvwY‡`‡n G‡±vWvg© I †g‡mvWvg© DTM¢‚Z m`„k GKvwaK L‡Ûi ˆiwLK I Aby‰`wN©K cybive„wˇK LÛKvqb e‡j| LÛKvq‡bi ̧iæZ¡ wb¤œiƒc: (i) LÛKvqb cÖvYx‡K Pj‡b mnvqZv K‡i| (ii) cÖvwY‡`‡ni LÛ ̧‡jv DbœZ ai‡bi weKvk Ae ̄’v cÖ`k©b K‡i hv‡Z weeZ©‡bi wb`k©b cvIqv hvq| 21. ‡iwWqvUv I evB‡jUvwiqv cÖvYxi g‡a ̈ cv_©K ̈ wjL| DËi: ‡iwWqvUv I evB‡jwUwiqv cÖvYxi g‡a ̈ cv_©K ̈ wb¤œiƒc: ‡iwWqvUv evB‡jUvwiqv (i) wØ ̄Íix cÖvYx, †`n Aixq cÖwZmg (i) wÎ ̄Íix cÖvYx, †`n wØcvk¦©xq cÖwZmg (ii) wKQz cÖvYx‡Z †MŠb Awf‡hvR‡bi Kvi‡Y wØcvk¦©xq cÖwZmvg ̈Zv †`Lv hvq (ii) wKQz cÖvYx‡Z †MŠY Awf‡hvR‡bi Kvi‡Y Aixq cÖwZmvg ̈Zv †`Lv hvq (iii) A1⁄2 Zš¿ my ̄úó bq (iii) A1⁄2 ZšÍ my ̄úó (iv) wm‡jvg Abycw ̄’Z (iv) wm‡jvg Abycw ̄’Z ev AcÖK...Z ev cÖK...Z ai‡Yi (v) Kwl©Kv I †bgv‡Uvwm÷ we` ̈gvb (v) Kwl©Kv _vK‡jI †bgv‡Uvwm÷ †bB (vi) cwicvKZš¿ †Kej gyLwQ`a Øviv evB‡i gy3 nq| (vi) cwicvKZš¿ gyLwQ`a I cvqywQ`a Øviv evB‡i gy3 nq| 22. ‡cÖv‡Uv‡÷vwgqv I wWDUv‡iv‡÷vwgqv cÖvYxi ga ̈Kvi cv_©K ̈ wjL| DËi: ‡cÖv‡Uv‡÷vwgqv I wWDUv‡iv‡÷vwgqv cÖvYxi ga ̈Kvi cv_©K ̈ wb¤œiƒc: ‡cÖv‡Uv‡÷vwgqv wWDUv‡iv‡÷vwgqv (i) wK¬‡fR mwc©j I wba©vwiZ| (i) wK¬‡fR Aixq I Awba©vwiZ (ii) cwiYZ cÖvYx‡Z eøv‡÷v‡cvi gyLwQ‡`a cwiYZ nq| (ii) cwiYZ cÖvYx‡Z eøv‡÷v‡cvi cvqywQ‡`a cwiYZ nq| (iii) wm‡jvg mvB‡Rvwmj ai‡bi (iii) wm‡jvg G›Uv‡ivwmjvm ai‡bi (iv) 僇Y Av‡K©‡›Uib MwVZ nq bv (iv) 僇Y Av‡K©‡›UiY MwVZ nq (v) jvf©v `kv Ua‡Kv‡dvi (v) jvf©v `kv Uibvwiqv ev evBwcbvwiqv 23. bbKW©vUv I KW©vUv cÖvYxi g‡a ̈ cv_©K ̈ wjL| DËi: bbKW©vUv I KW©vUv cÖvYxi g‡a ̈ cv_©K ̈ wb¤œiƒc: bbKW©vUv KWv©Uv (i) b‡UvKW© Abycw ̄’Z (i) RxebP‡μ †Kv‡bv bv †Kv‡bv `kvq b‡UvKW© _v‡K| (ii) bvf©KW© A1⁄4xq , wb‡iU I M ̈vswjqb wenxb (ii) bvf©KW© c„ôxq, duvcv I M ̈vswjqbhy3 (iii) Mjwejxq dzjKviÜ« Abycw ̄’Z (iii) Mjwejxq dzjKviÜ« we` ̈gvb (iv) cvqy cðvr †jR Abycw ̄’Z (iv) cvqy cðvr †jR we` ̈gvb (v) ürwcÛ c„ôxq (v) ürwcÛ A1⁄4xq (vi) i‡3 wn‡gv‡Møvweb _vK‡j Zv cøvRgvq _v‡K (vi) i‡3i wn‡gv‡Møvweb †jvwnZ i3 KwYKvq _v‡K (vii) K1⁄4vj _vK‡j Zv ewntK1⁄4vj (vii) AšÍt I ewntK1⁄4vj we` ̈gvb (viii) †ncvwUK †cvU©vjZš¿ Abycw ̄’Z (viii) †ncvwUK †cvU©vjZš¿ we` ̈gvb (ix) Z¡K †_‡K †PvL m„wó nq (ix) g ̄ÍK ‡_‡K †PvL m„wó nq 24. wÎc` bvgKiY ej‡Z wK eyS? DËi: Rx‡ei bvgKi‡Yi AvšÍR©vwZK wbqgvbyhvqx MY, cÖRvwZ I DccÖRvwZ bv‡gi wZbwU c` e ̈envi K‡i cÖvYxi †h bvgKiY Kiv nq Zv‡K wÎc` bvgKiY e‡j| cÖvYxi DccÖRvwZi bvgKiY Kiv nq wÎc` bvgKi‡Yi wbqgvbyhvqx| †hgb: wms‡ni ˆeÁvwbK bvg Panthera leo wKš‘ ‡fŠMwjK wew”QbœZvi Kvi‡Y fviZxq I Avwd«Kvb wms‡ni g‡a ̈ ˆ`wnK A‡bK cv_©K ̈ m„wó n‡q‡Q| GRb ̈ G‡`i‡K `ywU DccÖRvwZ wn‡m‡e wPwýZ Kiv nq| G‡`i ˆeÁvwbK bvg - Panthera leo leo (Avwd«Kvb wmsn) I Panthera leo persica| `ywU cÖvYxB Panthera leo Gi DccÖRvwZ| 25. A‡giæ`Ûx I †giæ`Ûx cÖvYxi g‡a ̈ cv_©K ̈ wjL| DËi: A‡giæ`Ûx I ‡giæ`Ûx cÖvYxi g‡a ̈ cv_©K ̈ wb¤œiƒc: A‡giæ`Ûx ‡giæ`Ûx 1) ‡giæ`Û I myly®§vKvÛ Abycw ̄’Z 1) †giæ`Û I myly®§v KvÛ we` ̈gvb| 2) †`n wØcvk©xq I Aixq cÖwZmg 2) †`n wØcvk©xq cÖwZmg 3) cvqy cðvr ‡jR Abycw ̄’Z 3) cvqy cðvr †jR we` ̈gvb 4) Mjwejxq dzjKviÜ« †bB 4) Mjwejxq dzjKviÜ« we` ̈gvb 5) ürwcÛ c„ôxq ev cvk¦©xq ev Abycw ̄’Z 5) ürwcÛ A1⁄4xq 6) †ncvwUK †cvU©vjZš¿ Abycw ̄’Z 6) †ncvwUK †cvU©vjZš¿ we` ̈gvb 7) i‡3 wn‡gv‡Møvweb _vK‡j Zv cøvRgvq _v‡K 7) i‡3i wn‡gv‡Møvweb †jvwnZ KwYKvq _v‡K| 26. cÖvYxi †kÖwYweb ̈v‡mi ZvwË¡K cÖ‡qvRbxqZv wjL| DËi: cÖvYxi †kÖwYweb ̈v‡mi ZvwË¡K cÖ‡qvRbxqZv wb¤œiƒc: (i) cÖvYxi kbv3Ki‡Y : †kÖwYweb ̈v‡mi gva ̈‡g ˆewk‡ó ̈i wfwˇZ wewfbœ cÖvYxi g‡a ̈ mv`„k ̈ I m¤úK© wbiæcY K‡i G‡`i kbv3 Kiv hvq| †kÖwYweb ̈vm c×wZ Avgv‡`iI cÖvYx m¤úwK©Z we‡kølY ÿgZv e„w× K‡i| (ii) cÖvwYRMZ m¤ú‡K© Rvbv: †kÖwYe× †Kv‡bv GKwU cavYx m¤ú‡K© wbw`©ó cwim‡i Aa ̈q‡bi gva ̈‡g Kg mg‡q Ges Kg cwikÖ‡g cÖvwYRMZ m¤ú‡K© Rvbv hvq| (iii) bZzb cÖRvwZ kbv3KiY : bZzb cÖRvwZ kbv3KiY Ges G‡K †kÖwYweb ̈vm wbqvg‡Ki wbw`©ó av‡c ̄’vcb Kivi Rb ̈ †kÖwYweb ̈v‡mi Ávb Acwinvh©| (iv) ÁvwZRwbK m¤úK© wbY©q: †kÖwYweb ̈v‡mi gva ̈‡g cÖvYxi RvwZRwbK m¤úK© wbY©q K‡i weeZ©‡bi BwZnvm m¤ú‡K© aviYv jvf Kiv hvq| 27. cÖvYx †kÖwYweb ̈v‡mi dwjZ cÖ‡qvRbxqZv wjL| DËi: cÖvYxi †kÖwYweb ̈v‡mi dwjZ cÖ‡qvRbxqZv K‡qKwU w`K Zz‡j aiv n‡jv: (i) A_©‰bwZK ̧iæZ¡c~Y© cÖvYx evQvB‡q (ii) evjvB `g‡b (iii) DbœZ RvZ DTM¢ve‡b (iv) Rxe‰ewPÎ ̈ msiÿ‡Y (v) weeZ©b m¤ú‡K© aviYv jvf (vi) weÁv‡bi bZzb kvLvi D‡b¥l|