Title Chemical Change (Daily-1; Set-A)_With Solve.pdf ✅

1 Daily-01 [A] wm‡jevm : ivmvqwbK cwieZ©b-1 c~Y©gvb: 30 †b‡MwUf gvK©: 0.25 mgq: 20 wgwbU 1. †KvbwU wMÖb †Kwgw÷ai g~jbxwZ bq? [Which of the following is not a principle of green chemistry?] eR© ̈ cÖwZ‡iva (Waste minimization) cwi‡ek evÜe RvZK cÖ ̄‘wZi my‡hvM _vK‡Z n‡e (Environmental friendly product design) m‡e©vËg GUg B‡Kvbwg (Maximum atom economy) wbivc` `aveK e ̈envi (Safe solvent use) DËi: cwi‡ek evÜe RvZK cÖ ̄‘wZi my‡hvM _vK‡Z n‡e (Environmental friendly product design) e ̈vL ̈v: wMÖb †Kwgw÷ai bxwZ 12wU: 1. eR© ̈ c`v_© †ivaKiY 2. m‡e©vËg GUg B‡Kvbwg 3. b~ ̈bZg SzuwKgy3 c×wZi e ̈envi 4. wbivc` †KwgK ̈vj cwiKíbv 5. wbivc` `aveK e ̈envi 6. wewμqvi kw3 `ÿZv cwiKíbv 7. bevqb †hvM ̈ KvuPvgvj e ̈envi 8. b~ ̈bZg DcRvZK 9. cÖfveb cÖ‡qvM 10. cÖvK...wZK iƒcvšÍi cwiKíbv 11. h_vmg‡q `~lY wbqš¿Y 12. `~N©Ubv cÖwZ‡iva 2. CFC-11 Gi ms‡KZ †KvbwU? [What is the formula of CFC-11?] CClF3 CFCl3 C2ClF5 CF2Cl2 DËi: CFCl3 e ̈vL ̈v: CCl3F Gi IUPAC ms‡KZ: CFC – abc GLv‡b a = (AYy‡Z Dcw ̄’Z Kve©b-cigvYyi msL ̈v –1) = (1 – 1) = 0 b = (AYy‡Z Dcw ̄’Z nvB‡Wav‡Rb cigvYyi msL ̈v + 1) = (0 + 1) = 1 c = AYy‡Z Dcw ̄’Z ïay †d¬vwib cigvYy msL ̈v = 1 CFCÑ11 Gi ms‡KZ n‡jv CFCl3 3. 25C ZvcgvÎvq, N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3(g) Gi mvg ̈aaæeK 8, H ZvcgvÎvq mvg ̈wgkÖ‡Y H2 Gi NbgvÎv wØ ̧Y I N2 Gi NbgvÎv 3 ̧Y Kiv n‡j, bZzb mvg ̈aaæeK KZ n‡e? [At 25°C, the equilibrium constant for the reaction N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3(g) is 8. If the concentrations of H2 and N2 are doubled and tripled respectively, at the same temperature, what will be the new equilibrium constant?] 2 2 2 4 2 3 2 5 DËi: 2 3 e ̈vL ̈v: ZvcgvÎv cwieZ©b bv n‡j mvg ̈aaæeK AcwieZ©bxq _v‡K| 4. 12% †gUv dmdwiK GwmW Gi mwμq fi KZ? [What is the Active mass of a 12% metaphosphoric acid solution?] 1.67 M 3.5 M 1.5 M 80 M DËi: 1.5 M e ̈vL ̈v: mwμq fi nj †gvjvi NbgvÎv ev AvswkK Pvc| †gUv dmdwiK GwmW (HPO3) Gi Rb ̈ mwμq fi n‡e Zvi NbgvÎv; †gvjvwiwU, C = 10x M = 10  12 80 = 1.5 M 5. †KvbwU ivmvqwbK wewμqvi mvg ̈e ̄’vi •ewkó ̈ bq? [Which of the following is not a characteristic of chemical equilibrium?] wewμqvi Am¤ú~Y©Zv (Incompleteness of reaction) mv‡g ̈i ̄’vwqZ¡ (Stability at equilibrium) cÖfve‡Ki Kvh©KvwiZv (Effect of catalyst) Dfqw`K n‡Z myMg ̈Zv (Equal rates of forward and backward reactions) DËi: cÖfve‡Ki Kvh©KvwiZv (Effect of catalyst) e ̈vL ̈v: ivmvqwbK mvg ̈e ̄’vi •ewkó ̈mg~n n‡jv: 1. wewμqvi Am¤ú~Y©Zv 2. mv‡g ̈i ̄’vwqZ¡ 3. Dfq w`K †_‡K myMg ̈Zv 4. cÖfve‡Ki f~wgKvnxbZv 6. 3Fe(s) + 4H2O(g) Fe,Mo Fe3O4(s) + 4H2(g) wewμqvwUi Rb ̈- [For the reaction 3Fe(s) + 4H2O(g) Fe,Mo Fe3O4(s) + 4H2(g) which of the following is correct?] mvg ̈e ̄’vq Pv‡ci †Kv‡bv cÖfve †bB (Pressure has no effect on the equilibrium) KP = KC KC Gi †Kv‡bv GKK †bB (KC has no unit) me ̧‡jv (All of the above) DËi: me ̧‡jv (All of the above) 7. X + Y  W + V (eR ̈©) 92 g 8 g 84 g 16 g Dc‡ii wewμqvi GUg B‡Kvbwg KZ? [Given the reaction X + Y  W + V(waste), where 92 g 8 g 84 g 16 g what is the atom economy of the reaction?] 84% 10% 9.2% 8.4% DËi: 84%
2 e ̈vL ̈v: GUg B‡Kvbwg(%) = Kvw•ÿZ Drcv‡`i ms‡KZ fi  Kvw•ÿZ Drcv‡`i †gvj msL ̈v me wewμqK ev Drcv‡`i †gvj msL ̈v mn f‡ii mgwó  100 = 84 84 + 16  100% = 84% 8. 3Fe(s) + 4H2O(g) ⇌ Fe3O4(s) + 4H2(g) wewμqvq Kc Gi ivwkgvjv- [For the reaction 3Fe(s) + 4H2O(g) ⇌ Fe3O4(s) + 4H2(g) what is the expression for the equilibrium constant Kc?] Kc = [Fe3O4] [Fe]3 Kc = [Fe3O4]  [H2] 4 [H2O]4  [Fe]3 Kc = [H2] [H2O]4 Kc = [H2] 4 [H2O]4 DËi: Kc = [H2] 4 [H2O]4 e ̈vL ̈v: Kp, Kc Gi †ÿ‡Î KwVb c`v‡_©i NbgvÎv 1 aiv nq| 9. A2(g) + 3B2 (g) ⇌ 2AB3(s) wewμqvq Kp I Kc Gi m¤úK©- [For the reaction A2(g) + 3B2(g) ⇌ 2AB3(s), what is the relationship between Kp and Kc?] Kc = Kp(RT)–4 Kc = Kp(RT)2 Kp = Kc(RT)4 Kc = Kp(RT)4 DËi: Kc = Kp(RT)4 e ̈vL ̈v: n = 0 – 4 = – 4  Kp = Kc(RT)n = Kc(RT)–4  Kc = Kp(RT)4 10. aA + bB + cC ⇌ xX + yY + zZ ; wewμqvi †ÿ‡Î mvg ̈aaæeK msμvšÍ †KvbwU fzj? [For the reaction aA + bB + cC ⇌ xX + yY + zZ, what is the wronge expression for the equilibrium constant?] Kc = [X]x  [Y]y  [Z]z [A]a  [B]b  [C]c Kp = P x x  P y y  P z z P a A  P b B  P c C Kp = P a A  P b B  P c C P Z z  P x x  P y y KP = Kc(RT)n DËi: Kp = P a A  P b B  P c C P Z z  P x x  P y y e ̈vL ̈v: Kp = Drcv‡`i AvswkK Pvc wewμq‡Ki AvswkK Pvc Kc = Drcv‡`i NbgvÎv wewμq‡Ki NbgvÎv 11. A2(g) + 3B2(g) ⇌ 2AB3(g); H = (– Ve); mvg ̈wewμqvq Kp Gi GKK †KvbwU? [For the reaction A2(g) + 3B2(g) ⇌ 2AB3(g); H = (– Ve); what is the unit of the equilibrium constant Kp?] atm–1 atm–2 [molL–1 ] –2 atm2 DËi: atm–2 e ̈vL ̈v: Kp Gi GKK (atm)n Dc‡ii wewμqvq n = 2 – 4 = – 2 12. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Av`a©-we‡køwlZ nq bv? [Which of the following is not deliquescent?] KCN KNO3 Na2CO3 FeCl3 DËi: KNO3 e ̈vL ̈v: Zxea GwmW Ges Zxea ÿv‡ii wewμqvi Drcbœ jeY Av`a©we‡køwlZ nq bv| 13. CFC M ̈v‡mi weKí wn‡m‡e wK e ̈envi Kiv nq? [What is used as a substitute for CFC gas?] BHC Super Critical CO2 aqeous H2O2 HCFC DËi: HCFC e ̈vL ̈v: CFC Gi RxebKvj 100 eQi| HCFC Gi RxebKvj 2-10 eQi| ZvB CFC Gi weKí wn‡m‡e HCFC e ̈envi Kiv nq| 14. f ̈v›U n‡di mgxKiY †Kvb mgxKiY †g‡b P‡j? [Which equation represents the Van't Hoff equation?] y = mx y = mx + c y = ax2 + bx2 + C xy = C DËi: y = mx + c e ̈vL ̈v: f ̈v›U n‡di mgxKiY, logKp =    – H  2.303R 1 T + K     y = m x + C 15. 450C ZvcgvÎvq 12 mol H2 Ges 4.5 mol I2 DËß Kivq 1024 g HI Drcbœ n‡q mvg ̈e ̄’v AR©b K‡i| KC = ? [At 450°C, 12 mol of H2 and 4.5 mol of I2 are heated. 1024 g of HI is produced and equilibrium is reached. What is the value of Kc?] 4 16 15.05 none DËi: 16 e ̈vL ̈v: †h‡nZz, n = w M 1024 g HI  1024 1 + 127 = 8 mol HI H2(g) + I2(g) ⇌ 2HI(g) cÖv_wgK Ae ̄’v: 12 4.5 0 mvg ̈e ̄’vq: (12 – x) (4.5 – x) 2x  2x = 8; x = 4 KC = 8 2 (12 – 4) (4.5 – 4) = 16 16. Kve©b (MÖvdvBU)  Kve©b (WvqgÛ); H = (– ve) n‡j, wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? [Given the reaction graphite  diamond; H = (– ve), which of the following is correct?] MÖvdvBU †ewk ̄’vqx (Graphite is more stable) nxiK †ewk ̄’vqx (Diamond is more stable) Df‡q mgvb ̄’vqx (Both are equally stable) None of these DËi: nxiK †ewk ̄’vqx (Diamond is more stable) e ̈vL ̈v: †h‡nZz H (-Ve) ZvB GwU Zv‡cvrcv`x wewμqv, ZvB Drcv`, wewμqK n‡Z †ewk ̄’vqx| H = – ve n‡j, UP – UR < 0  UP < UR hvi kw3 †ewk Zvi ̄’vwqZ¡ Kg|
3 17. wewμqvi †Kv‡k›U Qc Ges mvg ̈aaæeK KC n‡j, wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK bq? [Given the reaction quotient Qc and the equilibrium constant Kc, which of the following is not correct?] Qc = KC n‡j wewμqv mvg ̈e ̄’vq †cŠ‡Q (Qc = KC means the reaction is at equilibrium) Qc > KC n‡j wewμqv m¤§yL w`‡K AMÖmigvb (Qc > KC means the reaction proceeds in the forward direction ) Qc < KC n‡j wewμqv cðvr w`‡K AMÖmigvb (Qc < KC means the reaction proceeds in the backward direction) (L I M) DËi: (L I M) e ̈vL ̈v: Qc > KC n‡j wewμqv cðvr w`‡K AMÖmi n‡e Qc < KC n‡j wewμqv m¤§yL w`‡K AMÖmi n‡e 18. A + B  C + D GB wewμqvi mvg ̈v1⁄4 10| wecixZag©x wewμqvq mvg ̈v1⁄4 KZ? [Given the reaction A + B  C + D, the equilibrium constant is 10. What is the equilibrium constant for the reverse reaction?] 10 – 10 0.1 100 DËi: 0.1 e ̈vL ̈v: A + B  C; mvg ̈v1⁄4 K1 n‡j, C  A + B; mvg ̈v1⁄4 K2  K2 = 1 K1 = 1 10 = 0.1 19. †Kv‡bv wm‡÷‡gi V = FYvZ¥K n‡j †KvbwU mwVK? [For a system with ΔV = negative, which of the following is true?] U < H U > H H = H none DËi: U > H e ̈vL ̈v: wewμqvq U Ges H Gi g‡a ̈ m¤úK©: 1. hLb H = U nq; ZLb PV = 0 n‡Z nq A_©vr V = 0 i. wewμqK I Drcv` KwVb I Zij nq, AvqZ‡bi cwieZ©b bMY ̈ nq ii. M ̈vmxq wewμqvq wewμqK I Drcv‡`i †gvj msL ̈v mgvb nq| 2. hLb H > U nq; ZLb V = abvZ¥K gvb nq| G Ae ̄’vq M ̈vmxq wewμqv N‡U Ges Drcv‡`i †gvj msL ̈v wewμq‡Ki †gvj msL ̈vi †P‡q †ewk| 3. hLb H < U nq; ZLb V = FYvZ¥K gvb nq| G Ae ̄’vq M ̈vmxq wewμqv N‡U Ges Drcv‡`i †gvj msL ̈v wewμq‡Ki †gvj msL ̈vi †P‡q Kg nq| 20. hw`  mole c`v‡_©i  mole we‡qvwRZ nq Z‡e we‡qvRb gvÎv- [If  moles of a substance dissociate from  moles of the substance, what is the degree of dissociation?]       DËi:   e ̈vL ̈v: we‡qvRb gvÎv = we‡qvwRZ †gvj msL ̈v Avw` †gvj msL ̈v =   21. COCl2(g) ⇌ CO(g) + Cl2(g); mvg ̈wewμqvi mvg ̈e ̄’vq ZvcgvÎv w ̄’i †i‡L cv‡Îi AvqZb A‡a©K Ki‡j, wb‡Pi †Kvb Dw3wU mwVK? [For the reaction COCl2(g) ⇌ CO(g) + Cl2(g), if the volume of the container is half of it’s initial volume at constant temperature, then, which of the following is correct?] Kp I  DfqB w ̄’i _v‡K (Kp and  remain constant) Kp I  DfqB cwiewZ©Z n‡e (Kp and  both change) Kp w ̄’i _vK‡jI  cwiewZ©Z n‡e (Kp remains constant but  changes) †Kv‡bvwUB bq (None of these) DËi: Kp w ̄’i _vK‡jI  cwiewZ©Z n‡e (Kp remains constant but  changes) e ̈vL ̈v: Kp I Kc Gi gvb ïaygvÎ ZvcgvÎvi Dci wbf©ikxj| wKš‘ we‡qvRb gvÎv  AvqZb cwieZ©b Ki‡j cwiewZ©Z n‡e| 22. 2A(g) + B(g) ⇌ 3L(g) + M(g); wewμqvi ïiæ‡Z A I B Gi cÖwZwUi 2 mol K‡i †bIqv n‡jv| mvg ̈e ̄’vq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? [Given the reaction 2A(g) + B(g) ⇌ 3L(g) + M(g); if initially 2 moles each of A and B are taken, which of the following is correct at equilibrium?] [A] = [B] [A] > [B] [A] < [B] [A] = [L] DËi: [A] < [B] e ̈vL ̈v: Dˇii ̄^c‡ÿ hyw3: 2A(g) + B(g) ⇌ 3L(g) + M(g) G mvg ̈wewμqvwU‡Z 2 mol A I 1 mol B wewμqv K‡i 3 mol L I 1 mol M Drcbœ K‡i| g‡b Kwi, A Gi x mol wewμqvq AskMÖnY K‡i mvg ̈ve ̄’v m„wó K‡i| 2A(g) + B(g) ⇌ 3L(g) + M(g)  wewμqvi ïiæ‡Z: 2 mol 2 mol 0 0 mvg ̈ve ̄’vq: (2 – x) mol     2 – x 2 mol 3 x 2 mol x 2 mol myZivs [A] < [B] 23. 2NaNO3(s) ⇌ 2NaNO2(s) + O2(g) [e× cv‡Î] mvg ̈e ̄’vq wK †`Lv hv‡e? [For the reaction 2NaNO3(s) ⇌ 2NaNO2(s) + O2(g) What will be seen in the equilibrium? Pvc e„w× Ki‡j m¤§yLg~Lx wewμqvi MwZ‡eM †e‡o hv‡e (Increasing the pressure will increase the rate of forward reaction) NaNO2 †hvM Ki‡j m¤§yLg~Lx wewμqv AwaK nv‡i n‡e (Adding NaNO2 will increase the rate of forward reaction) NaNO3 †hvM Ki‡j cðvrg~Lx wewμqv AwaK nv‡i n‡e (Adding NaNO3 will increase the rate of backward reaction) Pvc e„w× Ki‡j cðvrg~Lx wewμqvi nvi e„w× cv‡e (Increasing the pressure will increase the rate of backward reaction) DËi: Pvc e„w× Ki‡j cðvrg~Lx wewμqvi nvi e„w× cv‡e (Increasing the pressure will increase the rate of backward reaction) e ̈vL ̈v: Drcv‡`i †gvj msL ̈v > wewμq‡Ki †gvjmsL ̈v ZvB Pvc evo‡j cðvrg~Lx wewμqvi nvi ev‡o|
4 24. M ⇌ N; Kc = 1 N ⇌ P; Kc = 2 P ⇌ Q; Kc = 5 M ⇌ Q Gi Rb ̈ Kc =? [M ⇌ N; Kc = 1 N ⇌ P; Kc = 2 P ⇌ Q; Kc = 5 What is the equilibrium constant for the reaction M ⇌ Q?] 7 5 10 15 DËi: 10 e ̈vL ̈v: mvg ̈e ̄’vq; [N] [M] = 1; [P] [N] = 2; [Q] [P] = 5;  [Q] [M] = 5  [P] [M] = 5  2  [N] [M] = 5  2  1 1 = 10 25. 2 L AvqZ‡bi GKwU cv‡Î 2 mol PCl5(g) Av‡Q| cvÎwU‡K 700 K ZvcgvÎvq DËß Kiv n‡jv| PCl5 Gi 40% we‡qvR‡bi d‡j wewμqvwU mvg ̈ve ̄’vq DcwbZ n‡jv| mvg ̈ve ̄’vq wgkÖ‡Y PCl5, PCl3 I Cl2 Gi NbgvÎvi AbycvZ KZ? [A 2 L container contains 2 mol PCl5(g). The container is heated to 700 K. If 40% of PCl5 dissociates at equilibrium, what is the ratio of concentration of PCl5, PCl3 and Cl2 at equilibrium?] 3 : 2 : 1 3 : 2 : 2 2 : 3 : 2 2 : 2 : 3 DËi: 3 : 2 : 2 e ̈vL ̈v: Dˇii ̄^c‡ÿ hyw3: PCl5(g) ⇌ PCl3(g) + Cl2(g) we‡qvR‡bi c~‡e©: 2 mol 0 0 mvg ̈ve ̄’vq: (2 – 2 × 0.4) mol 0.8 mol 0.8 mol  mvg ̈ve ̄’vq PCl5 Gi NbgÎv, [PCl5] = 1.2 2 = 0.6 mol L–1 mvg ̈ve ̄’vq PCl3 Gi NbgvÎv, [PCl3] = 0.8 2 = 0.4 mol L–1 mvg ̈ve ̄’vq Cl2 Gi NbgvÎv, [Cl2] = 0.8 2 = 0.4 mol L–1  PCl5, PCl3 I Cl2 Gi NbgvÎvi AbycvZ = 0.6 : 0.4 : 0.4 = 3 : 2 : 2 26. N2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2NO(g); mvg ̈e ̄’vq 80% NO Drcbœ nq wewμqvi Kc Gi gvb KZ? [Given the reaction N2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2NO(g); if 80% of NO is produced at equilibrium, what is the value of the equilibrium constant Kc?] 1.5 1.38 1.78 2.25 DËi: 1.78 e ̈vL ̈v: N2 + O2 ⇌ 2NO mvg ̈ve ̄’vq : 1 – 0.4 1 – 0.4 0.8 0.6 0.6 Kc = (0.8) 2 (0.6) (0.6) = 0.64 0.36 = 16 9 = 1.78 27. 300 K ZvcgvÎvq N2O4(g) ⇌ 2NO2(g) we‡qvRb wewμqvi mvg ̈aaæe‡Ki ivwkgvjvq mvg ̈aaæeK Kp = 4 2 1 –  2 P GLv‡b, P = Pvc Ges  = we‡qvRb gvÎv n‡j- [For the reaction N2O4(g) ⇌ 2NO2(g) at 300 K, the equilibrium constant Kp is given by Kp = (4α2) / (1 - α2)P, where P is the total pressure and α is the degree of dissociation. Which of the following is correct?] P Gi gvb †e‡o †M‡j Kp Gi gvb †e‡o hv‡e (If P increases, KP increases)  Gi gvb †e‡o †M‡j, Kp Gi gvb †e‡o hv‡e (If  increases, Kp increases)  Gi gvb K‡g †M‡j Kp Gi gvb †e‡o hv‡e (If  decreases, Kp increases) P I  Gi cwieZ©‡b Kp Gi gvb AcwiewZ©Z _vK‡e (KP remains constant with changes in P and α) DËi: P I  Gi cwieZ©‡b Kp Gi gvb AcwiewZ©Z _vK‡e (KP remains constant with changes in P and α) e ̈vL ̈v: Kp Z_v mvg ̈aaæeK Gi gvb ïay ZvcgvÎvi Dci wbf©ikxj| 28. CFC Gi †UaW bvg †KvbwU? [What is the trade name of CFC?] wd«qb-11 ( ) wd«qb-01 ( ) HCFC wd«qb ( ) DËi: wd«qb ( ) 29. NaCl + AgNO3  NaNO3 + AgClGgb GKwU gva ̈‡g wewμqv NUv‡bv nj †hLv‡b NaCl, AgNO3, NaNO3 I AgCl me ̧‡jvB `aeYxq| myZivs wewμqvwU n‡e- [Given the reaction NaCl + AgNO3  NaNO3 + AgClwhich occurs in a medium where NaCl, AgNO3, NaNO3 and AgCl are all soluble. The reaction will be:] GKgyLx (Irreversible) DfgyLx (Reversible) cðvrgyLx (backward) wewμqv n‡e (No reaction) DËi: DfgyLx (Reversible) e ̈vL ̈v: NaCl + AgNO3 ⇌ NaNO3 + AgCl AgCl Aatwÿß bv n‡q `aexf~Z _vKvq Dfag©x wewμqv cÖ`k©b K‡i| 30. GKgyLx wewμqvi †ÿ‡Î gy3kw3i cwieZ©‡bi †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU mwVK? [For a Irreversible reaction, what is the sign of the change in Gibbs free energy (ΔG)?] G > 0 G < 0 G = 0 G = 1 DËi: G < 0 e ̈vL ̈v: GKgyLx wewμqvi Rb ̈ gyw3kw3i cwieZ©b FYvZ¥K Ges DfgyLx wewμqvi Rb ̈ gy3kw3i cwieZ©b k~b ̈| ---