Title 11 NOV FCPS I Recalls ✅

1. Which of the following is the preferred induction agent for general anesthesia in a patient with acute asthma exacerbation? A. Propofol B. Etomidate C. Ketamine D. Midazolam Correct Answer: C. Ketamine Explanation: Ketamine is the anesthetic of choice in asthmatic patients because of its bronchodilatory effects. It relaxes bronchial smooth muscle by antagonizing NMDA receptors and increasing circulating catecholamines, which stimulate β2 receptors. It also maintains airway reflexes and improves compliance during mechanical ventilation in obstructive airway disease. Common Distractors: ● A. Propofol: Commonly used but may cause bronchospasm in susceptible individuals; also causes hypotension. ● B. Etomidate: Hemodynamically stable but no bronchodilatory effect; neutral for asthma. ● D. Midazolam: Not recommended for induction due to unpredictable sedation and potential for respiratory depression.