Title 16 IO Psy - Stress Management.pdf ✅

16 – Stress Management IOPSY | 2024 - 2025 | NOT FOR SALE OUTLINE 1. Stress Defined 2. Predisposition to Stress a. Stress Personalities b. Gender, Ethnicity, and Race c. Stress Sensitization 3. Sources of Stress a. Personal Stressors b. Occupational Stressors c. Other Sources of Stress 4. Consequences of Stress a. Personal Consequences b. Organizational Consequences 5. Managing Stress 6. Stress Reduction Interventions a. Easing the Child-Care Burden b. Easing the Elder-Care Burden c. Easing the Daily-Chore Burden d. Providing Rest Through Paid Time Off 7. Measuring Stress 8. Workplace Violence a. Perpetrators of Workplace Violence b. Reducing Workplace Violence STRESS DEFINED STRESS Stress – psychological and physical reaction to certain life events or situations ● Stress process begins with life events or situations that cause stress (stressors) ● Stress Reactivity: the body’s physiological response to stressors ● Strains: negative and psychological consequences of stress ● Eustress: occurs when stressors result in feelings of challenge or achievement ○ Feelings of stress get converted into positive energy ○ Motivating ● Inverted-U Theory: optimal level of arousal ○ Having little arousal or too much arousal results to poor performance ○ Moderate results in highest levels ● Distress: stress that results in negative energy and decreases in performance and health ○ Bad or negative stress ○ Happens when there is too much stress and when nothing is done to eliminate, reduce, or counteract its effects ○ Usually occurs in situations or at events on which you place great importance PREDISPOSITION TO STRESS STRESS PERSONALITIES Type A Personalities – stress-prone person who is competitive, impatient, and hurried ● Characterized mainly by achievement striving, impatience and time urgency, and anger and hostility ● They tend to do many things at one time (multitasking) ● These characteristics become exaggerated when under stress ● Type A employees under stress are more likely than others to exhibit high blood pressure and high levels of stress-related hormones ● They are slower to recover after the stressor is removed ● Type B Personalities: non-stress-prone person who is relaxed and agreeable Neuroticism – characterized by a tendency to experience such negative emotions as anxiety, anger, tension, and moodiness ● Neurotics are anxious, often depressed, pessimistic, and lack hopefulness ● They are more likely to perceive events as being stressful ● They are more likely to have negative reactions to stressful events than are people who are more emotionally stable GENDER, ETHNICITY, AND RACE ● Many studies suggest that women have more stress than men ● Depression is twice as common among them ● Women may experience certain stressors more often than men ● Members of minority groups have higher levels of stress than do nonminorities ● Racial and ethnic differences mostly concern physical reactions to stress STRESS SENSITIZATION ● Caused by exposure to high levels of stress over a long duration ● Studies suggest that you are likely to react more quickly and more negatively to situations that are potentially stress producing ● You have become “trained” to respond in such a way ● Desensitization can occur through learning new behaviors to handle stress and working through your feelings about past stress 1 | @studywithky