Title ĐÁP ÁN ĐỀ TRẠI HÈ HÙNG VƯƠNG BẮC GIANG LỚP 11 2024.docx ✅

1 TỈNH: BẮC GIANG TRƯỜNG THPT CHUYÊN BẮC GIANG (Đề thi đề xuất) ĐỀ THI CHỌN HỌC SINH GIỎI TRẠI HÈ HÙNG VƯƠNG NĂM 2024 ĐỀ THI MÔN TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 I. LISTENING (50 points) PART 1. Listen to a talk about the world's cleanest cities and decide whether the following statements are True (T), False (F), or Not Given (NG) according to what you hear. (10 points) 1. In December 2015, China issued a red alert warning for their capital, Beijing due to its excessive smog and air particle levels. TRUE 2. Both Denmark and Switzerland have strict restrictions on high polluting vehicles and a societal push to use public transit, bicycling, and walking. TRUE 3. Curitiba, in Brazil was the pioneer in implementing bus rapid transit in 1974 but has decided to discontinue its collaborative efforts with its citizens to provide environmental benefits. FALSE 4. The modern recycling and water treatment plants in the city-state of Singapore was designed by top international city planners. NOT GIVEN 5. The most reliable and consistent factors contributing to environmental friendliness seemed to be based on city planning and government policies such as mass transit and recycling. FALSE TRANSCRIPT (Q1) In December 2015 China issued a “red alert” warning for their capital, Beijing. Smog and air particle levels were ten times higher than the World Health Organization’s safety standards. The alert shut down schools and stopped construction, reflecting China’s ongoing issues with pollution. At that same time, the rest of the world was meeting in Paris for the United Nations Climate Change convention, in an attempt to tackle growing environmental concerns. So, while Beijing is covered in smog, we want to know: what are the cleanest cities in the world? A 2012 Green City Index report by the Economist Intelligence Unit examined each major world region to determine which global factors contribute to cleanliness. In Europe, many of the top spots were captured by Nordic countries, with Copenhagen in Denmark as the cleanest city overall. Zurich, Switzerland also received high points for lowest CO2 emissions. (Q2) Both countries have strict limits on high polluting vehicles, but there is also a societal push to use public transit, bicycling, and walking. Even the 2009 Copenhagen Accord saw the world’s major economies come together for the first time to lower global emissions. (Q3) In Latin America, a clear and repeat winner for cleanest city has been Curitiba, in Brazil. The city was the first to introduce bus rapid transit in 1974, and has continued the trend of working with its citizens to provide environmental benefits. A recycling program called, “Garbage? That’s not garbage!” has led to about ¾ of the city’s trash recycled by residents. Other programs, like one which trades bus tokens for
2 recycling, shows how effective communal and government efforts can be. (Q4) Another top recycler, this time in Asia, is the city-state of Singapore. On average, they generate less trash per person than the rest of the continent. But they also keep the city clean through high-density planning, and infrastructure investment. Recycling and water treatment plants are state-of-the-art, and designed around supplying the uniquely compact city. With so many people living so close together, it is very important to produce as little waste as possible. Over in North America, it’s health conscious San Francisco that takes the lead. According to the GCI, San Francisco recycles as much as 77% of their waste, which is more than any European city besides Leipzig, Germany. Another reason is that SF requires that commercial building owners submit regular energy usage reports, leading to considerably lower usage. This, coupled with a sharing economy, high quality public transit, and marginal environmental tax benefits, makes SF incredibly clean. Lastly, and unfortunately, no cities score “well above average” in Africa. The highest ranked, Accra in Ghana, is not necessarily the cleanest. But they get major points for having a direct bureaucratic link with the national government concerning the environment. This helps not only in monitoring, but also action, and is found lacking in most African cities profiled. (Q5) Overall, the most consistent aspect of environmental friendliness seemed to be based on society’s willingness to take part. Mass transit and recycling help bring down emissions, as does efficient city planning and government policy. But it should come as no surprise that without the support of the people, there is little that can be done to save the earth. While it is nice to live in a city with no pollution, much of the world does not have that luxury. To find out what pollution actually does to your body, check out this video by DNews. Thanks for watching Test Tube News! Please like and subscribe and we’ll keep making videos for you every day. Part 2: For questions 6-10, listen to the recording and answer the questions. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER taken from the recording. (10pts) 1. When does the speaker say we will reach peak world population? in about 2070 2. What number does he give for the current world population? 6.9 billion 3. How much land would be needed for organic farming in comparison to the current situation? twice as much 4. What other solution from farms does he suggest? treble (triple) yields 5. Which three cereal crops does he say are the most important? rice, wheat, maize
3 TRANSCRIPT But can we really feed a population of 9 billion people which we will have by 2050? And it will peak according to the United Nations median projection at about 9.2, 9.3 in about 2070. But can we really feed that number of people? Well, at the moment, we need a large proportion of the earth to feed 6.9 billion people. So if we add another 2 billion people and we enable them to eat chickens and pigs and all these things we like to eat, then we're going to need a lot more land. Now it would be nice to do all this organically, but the problem with that is we're going to need a lot more land for the cattle whose manure is going to be used as fertilizer, etc. So we're going to need even more land. If we were using the mostly organic farming technologies of the 1950s today we would need approximately twice as much land to produce the same amount of food as we produce today. So let's not do that. And let's treble yields. If we treble yields in farming we could actually feed 9 billion people from a smaller acreage than we feed 6.9 billion today. So can we treble yields? Well we've just done it. In the last 60 years we trebled yields. This is the yields of rice, wheat and maize, the big three cereal crops which provide about 60% of human calories. And they trebled over that time despite taking effectively no extra acres under the plow. Nobody thought this could be done. We were told repeatedly throughout this period by environmentalists such as Lester Brown that it could not be done. And yet it was done. And how was it done? It was done by getting dwarfing genes into wheat so that they put more of their energy into seeds rather than stalks. It was done by the use of machinery and chemicals and fertilizers and all these things that raised yields in farming. Part 3. You will hear part of a radio discussion with Ellen Harrington: of the Meadow Lane Residents Group, and Tim Barlow from Carton Town Planning Department. For questions 1-5, choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D) which fits best according to what you hear. (10pts.) 1. What was Ellen's first reaction when the town centre was closed to traffic? A. She was terrified. B. She was miserable. C. She was delighted. D. She was suspicious. 2. The mood of the Meadow Lane residents can best be described as _____________. A. resigned. B dissatisfied. C. furious. B. dejected. 3. How does Tim feel about the changes in the town centre? A. He regrets they were made so quickly. B. He believes they were inevitable. C. He thinks the town council should have foreseen the problem. D. He is proud the town council went forward with them.
4 4. What does Tim think about the protest Ellen's group is planning? A. He doesn't think it will accomplish anything. B. He thinks it is not aimed at the right people. C. He doesn't think drivers will be affected. D. He thinks it will be dangerous. 5. How does Ellen react to Tim's comments? A. She thinks he is being evasive. B. She accepts his main point. C. She thinks he doesn't understand human nature. D. She considers his comments unrealistic. TRANSCRIPT Interviewer: Good morning, and welcome to City Life, our weekly look at some aspect of life in towns and cities. Today my guests are Ellen Harrington of the Meadow Lane Residents Group in the town of Carton, and Tim Barlow from the Carton Town Planning Department. Ellen, perhaps I can start by asking why you formed a residents' group Ellen: Because our lives have been a misery recently, that's why! You see, three months ago the town council decided to turn the centre of Carton into a pedestrian precinct - no cars at all. Which seemed like a terrific idea at first. I was over the moon. Until I realised that all the traffic diverted from the centre of town was going to come through Meadow Lane. And I suspect the planners knew all along this would happen. Interviewer: And Meadow Lane is - or was - a quiet suburban street. Ellen: Exactly! With two schools and lots of children playing in the street. Now it must be one of the most dangerous roads in the county! And we're not going to stand for it. We are livid we really are, and we’re going to do whatever it takes to get satisfaction, starting with our protest at the town hall tomorrow! Interviewer: If I could turn to you now, Tim. What's your reaction to what Ellen has been saying? Tim: Well, naturally, I have every sympathy with her situation. But I really don't think the Carton Town Planning Department is entirely to blame for this. Closing the town centre to traffic was the right thing to do, and I think it's to the credit of town council that a measure like this was put into practice, despite considerable opposition. Changing the status quo is never an easy course of action - somebody's always going to be unhappy with the new situation. But in this case, if cars drive too fast along quiet streets, that’s a matter for the police. Irresponsible drivers are to blame for the problem which is why the protesters have chosen the wrong target. I'm not even sure exactly what Mrs Harringtons’ Meadow Lane Residents Group is trying to accomplish. Interviewer: Do you accept that point, Ellen? Ellen: I certainly do not! Drivers will take the shortest possible route to get where they're going - that's just human nature and it's the Town Planning Department who decide what that route is. I think Mr Barlow is trying to dodge the responsibility for the problem - probably because the planners hadn't realised quite how bad the situation in our street would be. And I don't believe they can wash their hands of the whole matter.