Title PTE - Transition Words.pdf ✅

1 *EXAMPLES OF TRANSITIONS AND WHEN TO USE THEM* Illustration / Examples / Support / Emphasis Thus, for example, for instance, namely, to illustrate, in other words, in particular, specifically, such as, to put it differently, for one thing, as an illustration, in this case, for this reason, to put it another way, that is to say, with attention to, by all means, important to realize, another key point, first thing to remember, most compelling evidence, must be remembered, point often overlooked, to point out, on the positive side, on the negative side, with this in mind, notably, including, like, to be sure, namely, chiefly, truly, indeed, certainly, surely, markedly, such as, especially, explicitly, specifically, expressly, surprisingly, frequently, significantly, particularly, in fact, in general, in particular, in detail, to demonstrate, to emphasize, to repeat, to clarify, to explain, to enumerate, For example, for instance, to illustrate, thus, in other words, as an illustration, in particular, Above all, indeed, truly, of course, certainly, surely, in fact, really, in truth, again, besides, also, furthermore, in addition, Specifically, especially, in particular, to explain, to list, to enumerate, in detail, namely, including. NOTE: These transitional devices (like especially) are used to introduce examples as support, to indicate importance or as an illustration so that an idea is cued to the reader. Opposition / Limitation / Contradiction/ Concession although this may be true, in contrast, different from, of course ..., but, on the other hand, on the contrary, at the same time, in spite of, even so / though, be that as it may, then again, above all, in reality, after all, but, (and) still, unlike, or, (and) yet, while, albeit, besides, as much as, even though, although, instead, whereas, despite, conversely, otherwise, however, rather, nevertheless, nonetheless, regardless, notwithstanding, On the contrary, contrarily, notwithstanding, but, however, nevertheless, in spite of, in contrast, yet, on one hand, on the other hand, rather, or, nor, conversely, at the same time, while this may be true, although, at any rate, at least, still, thought, even though, granted that, while it may be true, in spite of, of course NOTE: Transition phrases like but, rather and or, express that there is evidence to the contrary or point out alternatives, and thus introduce a change the line of reasoning (contrast). Addition / Agreement / Similarity And, in addition to, furthermore, moreover, besides, than, too, also, both-and, another, equally important, first, second, etc., again, further, last, finally, not only-but also, as well as, in the second place, next, likewise, similarly, in fact, as a result, consequently, in the same way, for example, for instance, however, thus, therefore, otherwise, in the first place, not only ... but also, as a matter of fact, in like manner, in addition, coupled with, in the same fashion / way, (first, second, third), in the light of, not to mention, to say nothing of, equally important, by the same token, again, to, and, also, then, equally, identically, uniquely, like, as, too, moreover, as well as, together with, of course, likewise, comparatively, correspondingly, similarly, furthermore, additionally, Similarly, likewise, in like fashion, in like manner, analogous to NOTE: The transition words like also, in addition, and, likewise, add information, reinforce ideas, and express agreement with preceding material.
2 Time/ Chronology / Sequence at the present time, from time to time, sooner or later, at the same time, up to the present time, to begin with, in due time, as soon as, as long as, in the meantime, in a moment, without delay, in the first place, all of a sudden, at this instant, first, second, immediately, quickly, finally, after, later, last, until, till, since, then, before, hence, since, when, once, about, next, now, formerly, suddenly, shortly, henceforth, whenever, eventually, meanwhile, further, during, in time, prior to, forthwith, straightaway, by the time, whenever, until now, now that, instantly, presently, occasionally, After, afterward, before, then, once, next, last, at last, at length, first, second, etc., at first, formerly, rarely, usually, another, finally, soon, meanwhile, at the same time, for a minute, for an hour, for a day, during the morning, during the day, during the week, most important, later, ordinarily, to begin with, afterwards, generally, in order to, subsequently, previously, in the meantime, immediately, eventually, concurrently, simultaneously NOTE: Many transition words in the time category (consequently; first, second, third; further; hence; henceforth; since; then, when; and whenever) have other uses. Except for the numbers (first, second, third) and further they add a meaning of time in expressing conditions, qualifications, or reasons. The numbers are also used to add information or list examples. Further is also used to indicate added space as well as added time Space / Location / Place At the left, at the right, in the center, on the side, along the edge, on top, below, beneath, under, around, above, over, straight ahead, at the top, at the bottom, surrounding, opposite, at the rear, at the front, in front of, beside, behind, next to, nearby, in the distance, beyond, in the forefront, in the foreground, within sight, out of sight, across, under, nearer, adjacent, in the background, in the middle, to the left/right, in front of, on this side, in the distance, here and there, in the foreground, in the background, in the center of, adjacent to, opposite to , here, there, next, where, from, over, near, above, below, down, up, under, further, beyond, nearby, wherever, around, between, before, alongside, amid, among, beneath, beside, behind, across NOTE These transition words are often used as part of adverbial expressions and have the function to restrict, limit or qualify space. Quite a few of these are also found in the Time category and can be used to describe spatial order or spatial reference. Conclusion / Summary / Restatement as can be seen, generally speaking, in the final analysis, all things considered, as shown above, in the long run, given these points, as has been noted, in a word, for the most part, after all, in fact, in summary, in conclusion, in short, in brief, in essence, to summarize, on balance, altogether, overall, ordinarily, usually, by and large, to sum up, on the whole, in any event, in either case, all in all, Obviously, Ultimately, Definitely, Therefore, finally, consequently, thus, in short, in conclusion, in brief, as a result, accordingly NOTE: These transition words and phrases conclude, summarize and / or restate ideas, or indicate a final general statement. Also, some words (like therefore) from the Effect / Consequence category can be used to summarize.
3 Effect / Consequence / Result as a result, under those circumstances, in that case, for this reason, in effect, for, thus, because the, then, hence, consequently, therefore, thereupon, forthwith, accordingly, henceforth, So that, with the result that, thus, consequently, hence, accordingly, for this reason, therefore, so, because, since, due to, as a result, in other words, then NOTE: Some of these transition words (thus, then, accordingly, consequently, therefore, henceforth) are time words that are used to show that after a particular time there was a consequence or an effect. Note that for and because are placed before the cause/reason. The other devices are placed before the consequences or effects. Cause / Condition / Purpose/ Suggestion For this purpose, to this end, with this in mind, with this purpose in mind, therefore, in the event that, granted (that), as / so long as, on (the) condition (that), for the purpose of, with this intention, with this in mind, in the hope that, to the end that, for fear that, in order to, seeing / being that, in view of, If... then, unless, when, whenever, while, because of, as, since, while, lest, in case, provided that, given that, only / even if, so that, so as to, owing to, inasmuch as, due to NOTE: These transitional phrases present specific conditions or intentions. *SOME TERMS TO FAMILIRIAZE* Subject = topic of the sentence Object = receiver of the action Direct object= answers what in the sentence The man cut the tree in his backyard. Indirect object= answers “who/m or whose” in the sentence The perpetrator ran away from the police officers. Completement= describe the subject/ complete the idea of the sentence Predicate adjective= describes the subject Foxes in literature are cunning and sly. Predicate nominative= renames the subject Andrea is a model.
4 Phrases  Prepositional phrase- begins with preposition: by, in, on, at, with/out, of, for, since, o By the seashore, in the closet Clauses  Independent- complete thought/ can stand alone o The culprit hid his weapon somewhere.  Dependent/ subordinate clause- has no complete thought/ begin with subordinating conjunction o While the victims were asleep  Relative clause- begins with relative pronouns: who/m, which, where, why, whose, that  Say something about the subject o Defining relative clause- important information (not enclosed in commas)  People who find happiness from someone’s pain are sociopaths. o Non- defining relative clause- additional information (enclosed in commas)/ can be removed from the sentence without distorting its thought  Peter, who is the leader of the team, shares his food to everyone. *ADDITIONAL NOTES ON CONJUNCTION (PUNCTUATION)* COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS: For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So  Use to form compound sentences o Sentence1, conjunction sentence2  The maiden is beautiful, but she is dumb. CONJUCTIVE ADVERBS  Sentence1; conjunction, sentence2 o She was accused of being a black magic user; therefore, she was stoned to death.  Sentence1. Conjunction, sentence2 o She was accused of being a black magic user. Therefore, she was stoned to death.  Sentence1. Subject, conjunction, predicate o She was accused of using black magic. She was, therefore, stoned to death. SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS: because, while, whereas, whilst, if, when  Use to form complex sentence: 1 independent clause, 1 dependent clause o Sentence 1 conj. Sentence 2  The hobo cried her heart out because she had nowhere to go. o Conj. Sentence2, sentence 1  Because she had nowhere to go, the hobo cried her heart out.  Dependent (subordinate) clause, independent clause.