Title 20. DRUGS USED FOR HYPERLIPIDAEMIAS.pdf ✅

PHARMD GURU Page 1 HYPERLIPIDEMIA: Hyperlipidemia is a broad term, it is also called as hyperlipoproteinemia, it is a common disorder in developed countries and major cause of coronary heart disease. It is a result of abnormalities in lipid metabolism or plasma lipid transport or a disorder in the synthesis and degradation of plasma lipoprotein. CAUSES OF HYPERLIPIDEMIA:  Most of the time hyperlipidemia is caused due to lifestyle habits or treatable medical conditions.  Obesity, not exercising, and smoking, diabetes, obstructive jaundice, and an under active thyroid gland inherit hyperlipidemia. THE BIOCHEMISTRY OF PLASMA LIPIDS: Lipids: Lipids are the heterogenous mixtures of fatty acids and alcohol that are present in the body. The major lipids in the bloodstream are cholesterol and it’s esters, triglycerides and phospholipids. Cholesterol: It is C27 − steroid that serves as an important component of all cell membranes and important precursor molecule for the biosynthesis of bile acids, steroid hormones, and several fat-soluble vitamins. Normal functions of cholesterol in the body:  It is compulsory for new cells to form and for older cells to repair themselves after injury.  It is also used by the adrenal glands to form hormones such as cortisol, by the testicles to form testosterone, and by the ovaries to produce estrogen and progesterone. Normal functions of triglycerides and phospholipids in the body.  Triglycerides supply energy for the body. Triglycerides are required to meet immediate energy needs in muscles or to store fat for future energy requirements. DRUGS USED FOR HYPERLIPIDAEMIAS
PHARMD GURU Page 2  Phospholipids are compounds that are used to make cell membranes, generate second messengers, and store fatty acids for the use in generation of prostaglandins. LIPOPROTEINS:  Blood and other body fluids are watery, so fats require a special transport system to travel around the body.  Fats are travelling from one place to another mixing with protein particles, called lipoproteins.  Four (or five) types of lipoproteins are there, each having particular distinct job.  A lipoprotein contains both proteins and lipids, bound to another protein which is called apolipoproteins, which allow fats to move through the water inside and outside cells. Provide structural support and stability, binds to receptors. CLASSIFICATION OF LIPOPROTEINS:
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