Title TỜ SỐ 15 TEST 02 UNIT 4 URBANISATION.docx ✅

Unit 4: URBANISATION GLOBAL SUCCESS 12 TỜ SỐ 15 – TEST 2   ENG LISH THÁNG ... Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks. Urbanization is a defining phenomenon of the modern era. It refers to the increasing number of people that live in urban areas. It predominantly results from the migration of people from rural areas to cities in search of (1) _______, improved living standards, and enhanced access to education and healthcare. The process of urbanization has several significant implications. Firstly, it can lead to (2) _______ growth, as cities often become hubs of innovation, industry, and commerce. However, it also poses several challenges, such as the strain (3) _______ infrastructure, the rise of informal settlements, and environmental degradation. The rapid expansion of urban areas can lead to the depletion of natural resources, increased pollution, and a higher demand for energy. One of the main (4) _______ forces behind urbanization is the search for employment. Cities offer a wide range of job opportunities that are not available in rural areas. Moreover, urban areas provide better access to services and amenities such as education, healthcare, and entertainment, which are essential for improving the quality of life. Despite the numerous advantages of urbanization, there are significant drawbacks. The high population density in cities often results in inadequate housing, traffic congestion, and higher levels of pollution. Additionally, urban areas can be marked by significant socio-economic inequalities, with a clear divide between the wealthy and the poor. Urban planners play a crucial role in managing the challenges (5) _______ with urbanization. Effective city planning involves (6) _______ sustainable cities that can support their populations without compromising the environment. This includes the development of green spaces, efficient public transport systems, and renewable energy sources. Sustainable urban development aims to enhance the quality of life for all residents while minimizing the ecological footprint of the city. [Adapted from: https://therealielts.vn] Question 1: A. better opportunity employments B. opportunity better employments C. better employment opportunities D. employment better opportunities Question 2: A. economic B. economically C. economical D. economy Question 3: A. for B. on C. to D. in Question 4: A. driving B. pressing C. pushing D. running Question 5: A. which associated B. associating C. are associated D. associated Question 6: A. to creating B. create C. to create D. creating Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks. Social Impacts and the Growing Wealth Gap What is Urbanisation? Urbanisation refers to the migration of people from rural to urban areas, seeking better job opportunities and living conditions. While this brings economic growth, it also creates (7) _______ significant social challenges that need to be addressed. The Growing Wealth Gap As cities expand, the amount of wealth controlled by the rich increases. Wealthy individuals live in developed areas with access to high-quality services like healthcare and education. (8) _______, many people are pushed to slums or informal (9) _______, where basic services are lacking. The Level of Inequality The (10) _______ of inequality between the rich and poor has risen sharply. The wealthy have access to better opportunities and resources, while the poor face overcrowding and limited access to basic needs. This divide contributes to social unrest and lower quality of life for many urban (11) _______.


C. which is a city that has more than 10 million inhabitants D. called a city where has more than 10 million inhabitants Question 22: A. Urban growth often leads to suburban development, creating extensive urban areas. B. Many cities around the world are facing similar urbanization challenges. C. Another effect of urbanization is urban sprawl. D. Megacities are known for their dense populations, leading to many infrastructural challenges. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions. During the 19th-century industrial revolution, urbanization rapidly reshaped societies, transforming tranquil landscapes into bustling cities filled with factories, railways, and towering structures. Classic literature, particularly Charles Dickens' "Hard Times," vividly captures this transformation, illustrating the significant economic opportunities that urbanization offered. Factories created jobs and infrastructure improved trade, making cities hubs of progress and innovation. Despite these advancements, the rapid pace of growth brought with it considerable costs. Dickens highlights severe social inequalities, where while some thrived, many faced dire conditions. Overcrowded slums and poor living conditions became common as the urban poor struggled with inadequate housing and sanitation. The stark contrast between the wealthy and the impoverished underscored the harsh realities of urban life despite the apparent progress. Environmental degradation also became a critical issue as cities expanded. The destruction of green spaces and the rise in pollution were direct consequences of unchecked urban growth. The smog-filled skies and contaminated rivers depicted in literature from this era reflect the broader environmental impact of rapid industrialization. The cities, while symbols of modernity, faced significant challenges related to environmental sustainability. In conclusion, classic literature shows that urbanization involves both benefits and drawbacks. While urban centers have spurred significant economic and social they also present challenges requiring balanced solutions. The legacy of urbanization highlights the need to address both human and environmental concerns in future growth. [Adapted from the Medium] Question 23: The word "tranquil" in paragraph 1 is CLOSEST in meaning to __________. A. chaotic B. serene C. noisy D. bustling Question 24: Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a consequence of urbanization in the passage? A. Overcrowding B. Poor living conditions C. Environmental degradation D. Rapid urbanization Question 25: Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 3? A. The skies and rivers became polluted during industrialization, and this was a major concern in the literature of the time. B. The pollution of rivers and air in this era is a key theme in literature, reflecting the negative effects of industrial progress. C. The polluted rivers and skies described in the literature of the time illustrate the widespread environmental consequences of rapid industrialization. D. The literature of the time shows the positive aspects of industrial growth, such as clean rivers and clear skies. Question 26: The word "underscored" in paragraph 2 is OPPOSITE in meaning to ______________. A. highlighted B. obscured C. illustrated D. contributed Question 27: The word "they" in the last paragraph refers to ____________. A. urban centers B. benefits and drawbacks C. classic literature D. economic and social advancements Question 28: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. There was no social inequality between the rich and the poor in urban areas. B. Urbanization led to the destruction of green spaces and increased pollution. C. Literature from this time period depicts only the positive aspects of urbanization D. Urban growth during the early 20th century did not lead to significant environmental problems.