Title ĐỌC HIỂU HSG ANH 8 DẠNG 10 CÂU.pdf ✅

ĐỌC HIỂU HSG ANH 8 DẠNG 10 CÂU 1 1. An air pollutant is defined as a compound added directly or indirectly by human to the atmosphere in such quantities as to affect humans, animals, vegetation, or materials adversely. Air pollution requires a very flexible definition that permits continuous change. When the first air pollution laws were established in England in the fourteenth century, air pollutants were limited to compounds that could be seen or smelled – a far cry from the extensive list of harmful substances known today. As technology has developed and knowledge of the health aspects of various chemicals has increased, the list of air pollutants has lengthened. In the future, even water vapor might be considered an air pollutant under certain conditions. Many of the more important air pollutants, such as sulfur oxides, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxides, are found in nature. As the Earth developed, the concentration of these pollutants was altered by various chemical reactions; they became components in biogeochemical cycles. These serve as an air purification scheme by allowing the compounds to move from the air to the water or soil. On a global basis, nature’s output of these compounds dwarfs that resulting from human activities. However, human production usually occurs in a localized area, such as a city. In such a region, human output may be dominant and may temporarily overload the natural purification scheme of the cycles. The result is an increased concentration of noxious chemicals in the air. The concentrations at which the adverse effects appear will be greater than the concentrations that the pollutants would have in the absence of human activities. The actual concentration need not be large for a substance to be a pollutant; in fact, the numerical value tells us little until we know how much of an increase this represents over the concentration that would occur naturally in the area. For example, sulfur dioxide has detectable health effects at 0.08 part per million (p.p.m.), which is about 400 times its natural level. (Adapted from: A Collection of - TOEFL Reading - Comprehension Tests) 1. What does the passage mainly discuss? A. What constitutes an air pollutant. B. The economic impact of air pollution. C. How much harm air pollutants can cause. D. The effects of compounds added to the atmosphere. 2. The word “adversely” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ___________. A. quickly B. negatively C. admittedly D. considerably 3. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that ___________. A. water vapor is an air pollutant in localized areas B. most air pollutants today can be seen or smelled


ĐỌC HIỂU HSG ANH 8 DẠNG 10 CÂU 4 2. The word “extended” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _______. A. explicated B. exposed C. guaranteed D. granted 3. It can be inferred from the passage that copyright law is intended to protect _______. A. the user’s ability to enjoy an artistic work B. the creator’s ability to profit from the work C. paintings and photographs from theft D. computer software and videos from being copied 4. The word “principle” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _______. A. crucial point B. cardinal role C. fundamental rule D. formidable force 5. Which of the following properties is NOT mentioned as protected by copyright? A. music and plays B. paintings and maps C. printed medium D. scientific discoveries 6. It can be inferred from the passage that it is legal if _______. A. two songs, written by two different composers, have the same melody B. two books, written by two different authors, have the same titles C. two drawings, created by two different artists, have the same images D. two plays, created by two different playwrights, have the same plot and characters 7. With which of the following statements is the author most likely to agree? A. Teachers are not allowed to make copies of published materials for use by their students B. Plays written in the 16th century cannot be performed in theaters without permission C. Singers can publicly sing only the songs for which they wrote the music and the lyrics D. It is illegal to make photographs when sightseeing or traveling 8. The phrase “infringing upon” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _______. A. impinging upon B. inducting for C. violating D. abhorring 9. The purpose of copyright law is most comparable with the purpose of which of the following? A. A law against theft B. A law against smoking C. A school policy D. A household rule 10. According to the passage, copyright law is ______. A. meticulously observed B. routinely ignored C. frequently debated D. zealously enforced 3. If parents bring up a child with the sole aim of turning the child into a genius, they will cause a disaster.